{"title":"Representatives, Reflection, Roles, and Responsibilities: The Metajournalistic Discourse on the Press Boycott of Naomi Osaka","authors":"Lena Maria Küpper","doi":"10.1177/21674795241267948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21674795241267948","url":null,"abstract":"Metajournalism is the term used in communication science to describe the public discussion of journalism. Studies on how reflexive reporting occurs in sports journalism are rare, which is surprising considering the close sports media intertwining. When tennis player Naomi Osaka declared her intention to skip press conferences during the 2021 French Open to raise awareness of the psychological pressures placed on elite athletes, this triggered a sports-related metajournalistic discourse. This study provides a systematic description of this discourse using a qualitative content analysis of 102 online articles in quality, tabloid and sports media. Only minimal self-criticism was found, and journalists primarily attributed the responsibility for the topic of mental health to the system of competitive sports. Unsurprisingly, there are significant differences in the quality and quantity of reporting in the various genres. In every form of media, Osaka’s own representation occupies a significant amount of space. All media genres have a tendency to portray the arguments of non-media representatives, especially those from the tennis world, rather than articulate their own perspectives. This study contributes to the understanding of public negotiation processes regarding roles and responsibilities in sports journalism.","PeriodicalId":46882,"journal":{"name":"Communication & Sport","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142084705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gregory A. Cranmer, Emma G. Cox, Rikishi T. Rey, Blair Browning, Leland G. Holbert
{"title":"Effects of Cohesion With Teammates on Division-I Student-Athletes’ Mental Health: An Application of the Human Need to Belong and Transactional Stress Frameworks","authors":"Gregory A. Cranmer, Emma G. Cox, Rikishi T. Rey, Blair Browning, Leland G. Holbert","doi":"10.1177/21674795241267197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21674795241267197","url":null,"abstract":"Collegiate student-athletes are experiencing an ongoing mental health epidemic, especially concerning anxiety and depression. This study builds upon the meta-theory of the human need to belong and the transactional theory of stress and coping by framing stress as a mediator for the benefits of cohesion between teammates on mental health. Data from 121 Division-I student-athletes demonstrated a fully mediated model whereby task cohesion indirectly benefited anxiety and depression through lower stress levels. Social cohesion, however, was not significantly associated with either stress or anxiety and depression. These findings underscore teammate relationships are appraised as social stimuli and that the lack of shared task approaches and understandings among teammates can be distressing and detract from general well-being. Coaches, athletic departments, and other academic stakeholders may use this information to guide their efforts to lower student-athlete stress through their social relationships with others. This aim can become an emphasis on pre-season training, team meetings, and athlete check-ins.","PeriodicalId":46882,"journal":{"name":"Communication & Sport","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142084704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Determinants of Online Live Esports Viewership With Advanced Data: The Case of League of Legends Champions Korea","authors":"Yoonji Ryu, Jaehyun Jeong, Wonseok Jang, Gyemin Lee, Hyunwoong Pyun","doi":"10.1177/21674795241277051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21674795241277051","url":null,"abstract":"With the rapid advancement of technology, esports have become more accessible and widespread on online platforms. The behavior of fans watching live broadcasts online differs from that of those watching on TV or attending stadium events. To understand the online demand for esports, this study examines the determinants of live esports viewership using advanced data from online platforms. We examined game-level data from the League of Legends Champions Korea (LCK) from the summer of 2019 to the summer of 2022. We analyzed four dependent variables representing esports online demands—hours watched, peak views, concurrent average views, and view drops—based on several pre-game (outcome uncertainty and team quality), in-game (game quality and upset result), and schedule-related (evening game) variables. Using two-way least squares dummy variable regression models, we identified the key determinants. The results suggest that outcome uncertainty, team quality, game quality, and evening games significantly impact esports online viewership. In addition, in-game factors, such as the sum and difference in kills between teams, attracted more viewers. This indicates that online viewers prefer games with more kills and a closer kill difference between teams.","PeriodicalId":46882,"journal":{"name":"Communication & Sport","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142045400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Uses and Gratifications-Based Market Segmentation Approach to Football Fans’ Online Media Usage Motivation","authors":"Anina Gächter, Pascal Stegmann, Grazia Lang","doi":"10.1177/21674795241273875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21674795241273875","url":null,"abstract":"With the rise of online media, the Uses and Gratifications approach has experienced a revival in general as well as in sports media research. However, most studies have not considered the variability in online media usage behavior, which indicates a heterogenity in fans’ gratification sought in online media consumption. To account for this heterogenity, this study conducts a cluster analysis based on the Uses and Gratifications approach to segment Swiss football fans according to their motivations for using online media. Further, it analyses how the emerging motivational profiles differ in online media usage and fan identification. The findings suggest that even though information, positive emotions, and entertainment remain the most sought gratifications across all participants, fans can be segmented into four motivational profiles: Football Afficionados, Casual Users, Joy-Seeking Spenders, and Online Media Enthusiasts. These profiles exhibit significant differences in their online media usage behaviour as well as in their fan identification. They, therefore, indicate a need for market segmentation when analysing online media usage motivation in football fans and demonstrate that clubs can achieve greater customer satisfaction by tailoring their online media content to the needs and online media consumption behaviour of their fans.","PeriodicalId":46882,"journal":{"name":"Communication & Sport","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142042530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ever Josue Figueroa, Vincent Peña, Krishnan Vasudevan
{"title":"“The Planet’s Champion” Daniel Bryan: How WWE Uses Sport, Neoliberalism and Colorblind Ideology in Professional Wrestling Narratives","authors":"Ever Josue Figueroa, Vincent Peña, Krishnan Vasudevan","doi":"10.1177/21674795241268130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21674795241268130","url":null,"abstract":"Daniel Bryan’s WWE Championship reign, from November 13, 2018, to April 7, 2019, provides an interesting case study to analyze the intersection of politics, mediated sport, neoliberalism, and colorblind ideology in professional wrestling storylines. This study conducts uses textual analysis to uncover how WWE utilized Bryan’s reign to communicate ideologies in their weekly programming. The findings suggest that Bryan’s persona as a villainous leftist “heel,” symbolically positions left-wing politics as antagonistic to the neoliberal values exercised in sports media. Bryan’s defeat at the hands of African wrestler Kofi Kingston, reifies colorblind ideology and neoliberalism through the aesthetics of mediated sport.","PeriodicalId":46882,"journal":{"name":"Communication & Sport","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142042531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peter English, David Fleischman, Rory Mulcahy, Lenny Vance, Aaron Tham, Merryn Sherwood
{"title":"The Buzz of Brisbane 2032: Themes of Online and Social Media Olympic Sentiment","authors":"Peter English, David Fleischman, Rory Mulcahy, Lenny Vance, Aaron Tham, Merryn Sherwood","doi":"10.1177/21674795241266804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21674795241266804","url":null,"abstract":"Brisbane will stage a more regionally focused Olympics and Paralympics in 2032 when it follows in the footsteps of a series of mega-city hosts. In this new environment, in which there are challenges finding nations willing even to bid for the event, it is important to understand how sentiment is expressed towards this Games edition, which is being promoted as delivering a sustainable legacy while experiencing different demands, levels of buzz, and risks than previous hosts. This study examines audience emotions towards Brisbane 2032 across 60,929 messages and posts from Facebook, Twitter, Reddit and online media articles between 2021 and 2023. The results highlight positive sentiment overall and outline key themes that the community perceive to be important. However, the findings also indicate early concerns and levels of anxiety towards elements of the Games. The multi-layered analytical approach of this study ensures it progresses beyond general judgements on positive and negative sentiment, providing a more nuanced understanding of emotions towards Brisbane 2032.","PeriodicalId":46882,"journal":{"name":"Communication & Sport","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141764031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sports Issues for the Ages: Life Span and Career Span Narratives Ingrained in Sports Culture","authors":"Andrew C. Billings, Marie Hardin","doi":"10.1177/21674795241264966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21674795241264966","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46882,"journal":{"name":"Communication & Sport","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141755276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“You Don’t Want Us to Solve This”: Agenda Setting in the Federal Hearings on Name, Image, and Likeness","authors":"Molly Harry","doi":"10.1177/21674795241265008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21674795241265008","url":null,"abstract":"From 2020 to 2024, the United States Congress held 11 hearings pertaining to name, image, and likeness (NIL). Various stakeholder groups have participated in these hearings including Congress and those looking to “maintain” or “disrupt” college sport and the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). Despite the significance of NIL to college athletics, limited research has examined these hearings and the messages communicated within them. Thus, critical discourse analysis and agenda setting theory were used to shed light on the language surrounding NIL through the Congressional hearings. Findings demonstrate the aforementioned groups’—Congress, “Maintainers,” and “Disruptors”—used narrative framing and topic selection, resulting in conflicting agendas and mixed messaging. Implications include improved communicative and political strategies for NIL stakeholders, enhanced NIL education for college athletes, and the extension of agenda setting theory to sport communication.","PeriodicalId":46882,"journal":{"name":"Communication & Sport","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141732627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Japanese National Basketball Association Fans and Social Media Acceptance: Exploring the Role of Brand Respect","authors":"Jeongbeom Hahm, Rei Yamashita","doi":"10.1177/21674795241251753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21674795241251753","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the factors influencing satellite sport fans’ social media engagement, focusing on Japanese National Basketball Association (NBA) fans. Using the technology acceptance model and Brand Respect Scale, we analyzed the effects of perceived usefulness, perceived enjoyment, and perceived trustworthiness on social media stickiness and investigated the mediating roles of brand trust, brand performance, brand acceptance, and brand reputation. A partial least squares structural equation modeling analysis of data from 813 Japanese NBA fans revealed that perceived usefulness and enjoyment significantly affected social media stickiness, while perceived trustworthiness indirectly influenced this stickiness through brand trust and acceptance. The study advances the theoretical understanding of social media behavior among satellite sport fans and provides practical implications for optimizing social media strategies to enhance fan engagement. Our findings offer valuable insights for sport teams and organizations seeking to strengthen their connection with geographically distant fans. In addition, this research paves the way for future studies to encompass diverse age groups, sports, and regions to offer a more comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing satellite sport fans’ social media engagement.","PeriodicalId":46882,"journal":{"name":"Communication & Sport","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141079307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Playing (& Smoking) by the Rules: Sport Media’s Racialized Coverage of Athlete Drug Use","authors":"Patrick Crowe, Vincent Peña","doi":"10.1177/21674795241249142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21674795241249142","url":null,"abstract":"Sports media research has often found that athletes are depicted differently based on stereotypes attached to their racialized bodies, and often along a Black/white racial binary. Furthermore, Black men often receive more and harsher penalties for drug use compared to all other racial and gender categories. Using critical discourse analysis, this study explores how NFL athletes who either openly admitted to using illicit drugs or failed National Football League (NFL)-mandated drug tests were covered by sports media. Four NFL athletes (two Black, two white) were selected based on their prominence — Josh Gordon, Randy Gregory, Chris Long, and Aaron Rodgers. The findings tell us that the selected Black athletes were often demonized in coverage by being portrayed as addicts or criminals and objectified as commodities whose value rose and fell with each suspension/return. Additionally, journalists often deployed neoliberal logics to both criticize and defend Black and white athletes. The white athletes in the study were portrayed as intellectuals looking to challenge the NFL’s authority, “good person(s),” and went unpunished for their drug admittance. This study finds that monolithic coverage of athletes is not fair, however the stereotypical notions of the Black/white binary are present when analyzing media discourse on athletic drug use.","PeriodicalId":46882,"journal":{"name":"Communication & Sport","volume":"151 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140651826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}