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Towards a topological philosophy 走向拓扑哲学
IF 0.5 3区 哲学
METAPHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2023-09-11 DOI: 10.1111/meta.12651
Bartłomiej Skowron, Janusz Kaczmarek, Krzysztof Wójtowicz
{"title":"Towards a topological philosophy","authors":"Bartłomiej Skowron,&nbsp;Janusz Kaczmarek,&nbsp;Krzysztof Wójtowicz","doi":"10.1111/meta.12651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/meta.12651","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article examines the use of mathematical concepts in philosophy, focusing on topology, which may be viewed as a modern supplement to geometry. We show that Plato and Parmenides were already employing geometric ideas in their research, and discuss three examples of the application of topology to philosophical problems: the first concerns the analysis of the Cartesian distinction between <i>res extensa</i> and <i>res cogitans</i>, the second the ontology of possible worlds of Wittgenstein's <i>Tractatus</i>, and the third Leibniz's monadology. We also consider the role of topology in mathematical explanations of the sort found in science, arguing that it can perform a role in philosophy that is of comparable importance.</p>","PeriodicalId":46874,"journal":{"name":"METAPHILOSOPHY","volume":"54 5","pages":"679-696"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71954666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The goods of design: Professional ethics for designersBy Ariel Guersenzvaig. Lanham, Md.: Rowman and Littlefield, 2021. Pp. xiii + 294 设计的商品：设计师的职业道德ArielGuersenzvaig。马里兰州兰汉姆：罗曼和利特尔菲尔德，2021年。第xiii页 + 294
IF 0.5 3区 哲学
METAPHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2023-09-04 DOI: 10.1111/meta.12652
Nick Danne
{"title":"The goods of design: Professional ethics for designersBy Ariel Guersenzvaig. Lanham, Md.: Rowman and Littlefield, 2021. Pp. xiii + 294","authors":"Nick Danne","doi":"10.1111/meta.12652","DOIUrl":"10.1111/meta.12652","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46874,"journal":{"name":"METAPHILOSOPHY","volume":"54 5","pages":"775-778"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43436922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Linguistic prejudice and electoral discrimination: What can political theory learn from sociolinguistics? 语言偏见与选举歧视：政治理论可以从社会语言学中学到什么？
IF 0.5 3区 哲学
METAPHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1111/meta.12649
Matteo Bonotti, Louisa Willoughby
{"title":"Linguistic prejudice and electoral discrimination: What can political theory learn from sociolinguistics?","authors":"Matteo Bonotti,&nbsp;Louisa Willoughby","doi":"10.1111/meta.12649","DOIUrl":"10.1111/meta.12649","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Normative political theorists working in the field of linguistic justice generally believe that participation in democratic life in linguistically diverse societies requires a shared lingua franca (e.g., Patten 2009; Van Parijs 2011). Even when a shared lingua franca is present, however, there is likely to be a variety of ways in which people speak it, due to variations in accent, pitch, register, and lexicon. This paper examines the implications of intra-linguistic diversity for democracy and political representation. More specifically, by drawing on Andrew Rehfeld's (2010) work and on relevant sociolinguistics research, the paper argues that widespread unconscious linguistic prejudice constitutes a constraint on some citizens' right to run for political office that is incompatible with democratic equality. The argument is illustrated via a number of examples concerning Australian politicians.</p>","PeriodicalId":46874,"journal":{"name":"METAPHILOSOPHY","volume":"54 5","pages":"641-660"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43973698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Detection of words versus good old counting: A note on Mizrahi and Dickinson, “The analytic-continental divide in philosophical practice” 单词的检测与古老的计数：关于Mizrahi和Dickinson的笔记，“哲学实践中的分析大陆分歧”
IF 0.5 3区 哲学
METAPHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2023-08-08 DOI: 10.1111/meta.12648
Hugo Dirk Hogenbirk
{"title":"Detection of words versus good old counting: A note on Mizrahi and Dickinson, “The analytic-continental divide in philosophical practice”","authors":"Hugo Dirk Hogenbirk","doi":"10.1111/meta.12648","DOIUrl":"10.1111/meta.12648","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In a recent <i>Metaphilosophy</i> article, Moti Mizrahi and Michael Dickinson argue against characterizing the divide between analytical and continental philosophy as a divide in the use of arguments. This hypothesis is rejected on the basis of a text-mining approach. The present paper argues that the results they extracted do not answer the questions they set out to answer as well as would have been possible. This is due to Mizrahi and Dickinson's choice to disregard duplicate occurrences of argument word pairs, their main indicator for the occurrence of arguments in articles. This paper reconstructs their method by now also counting duplicates. A small corpus (n = 436) of recent (2015–2021) analytical and continental articles is used to rerun the experiment; the results oppose Mizrahi and Dickinson's and suggest that arguments (as operationalized by Mizrahi and Dickinson) occur more in analytical articles. The paper argues that part of the discrepancy derives from the specific methodological choices they made.</p>","PeriodicalId":46874,"journal":{"name":"METAPHILOSOPHY","volume":"54 5","pages":"734-745"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48998594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Philosophers ought to develop, theorize about, and use philosophically relevant AI 哲学家应该发展、理论化和使用与哲学相关的人工智能
IF 0.5 3区 哲学
METAPHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2023-07-18 DOI: 10.1111/meta.12647
Graham Clay, Caleb Ontiveros
{"title":"Philosophers ought to develop, theorize about, and use philosophically relevant AI","authors":"Graham Clay,&nbsp;Caleb Ontiveros","doi":"10.1111/meta.12647","DOIUrl":"10.1111/meta.12647","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The transformative power of artificial intelligence (AI) is coming to philosophy—the only question is the degree to which philosophers will harness it. This paper argues that the application of AI tools to philosophy could have an impact on the field comparable to the advent of writing, and that it is likely that philosophical progress will significantly increase as a consequence of AI. The role of philosophers in this story is not merely to use AI but also to help develop it and theorize about it. In fact, the paper argues that philosophers have a prima facie obligation to spend significant effort in doing so, at least insofar as they should spend effort philosophizing.</p>","PeriodicalId":46874,"journal":{"name":"METAPHILOSOPHY","volume":"54 4","pages":"463-479"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/meta.12647","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43306283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Empirical tests of scientific realism: A quantitative framework 科学实在论的实证检验:一个定量框架
IF 0.5 3区 哲学
METAPHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2023-07-05 DOI: 10.1111/meta.12641
James W. McAllister
{"title":"Empirical tests of scientific realism: A quantitative framework","authors":"James W. McAllister","doi":"10.1111/meta.12641","DOIUrl":"10.1111/meta.12641","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The scientific realism debate in philosophy of science raises some intriguing methodological issues. Scientific realism posits a link between a scientific theory's observational and referential success. This opens the possibility of testing the thesis empirically, by searching for evidence of such a link in the record of theories put forward in the history of science. Many realist philosophers working today propose case study methodology as a way of carrying out such a test. This article argues that a qualitative method such as case study methodology is not adequate for this purpose, for two reasons: to test scientific realism is to pose an effects-of-causes question, and observational and referential success are quantities that theories possess to a greater or lesser degree. The article concludes that an empirical test of scientific realism requires a quantitative method.</p>","PeriodicalId":46874,"journal":{"name":"METAPHILOSOPHY","volume":"54 4","pages":"507-522"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/meta.12641","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43610555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The value of philosophy: A Canguilhemian perspective 哲学的价值:一个坎吉尔赫姆的视角
IF 0.5 3区 哲学
METAPHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2023-07-05 DOI: 10.1111/meta.12645
Anton Vydra
{"title":"The value of philosophy: A Canguilhemian perspective","authors":"Anton Vydra","doi":"10.1111/meta.12645","DOIUrl":"10.1111/meta.12645","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper represents a philosophical reflection on the nature and value of philosophy itself. Georges Canguilhem somewhat scandalously argued that the fundamental value of philosophy does not lie in truth. He suggests that truth is a typical value of science because truth is what science says and what is said scientifically. Why would a philosopher depreciate his own discipline? And does he really do so? Or is there a different motivation: to help philosophy to become a much more self-confident voice? And if truth is no longer a value of philosophy, what value fits it better? The article follows Canguilhem in his conception of truth, science, and philosophy. It is against the background of these considerations that the specific revised anthropology of the scientist or philosopher is formed. The main question is what this means for current philosophy and why it could be inspiring for philosophers today.</p>","PeriodicalId":46874,"journal":{"name":"METAPHILOSOPHY","volume":"54 4","pages":"553-564"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46048027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Truth and consequences 真相和后果
IF 0.5 3区 哲学
METAPHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.1111/meta.12644
Polly Mitchell, Alan Cribb, Vikki Entwistle
{"title":"Truth and consequences","authors":"Polly Mitchell,&nbsp;Alan Cribb,&nbsp;Vikki Entwistle","doi":"10.1111/meta.12644","DOIUrl":"10.1111/meta.12644","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In his 1987 paper “Truth or Consequences,” Dan Brock describes a deep conflict between the goals and virtues of philosophical scholarship and public policymaking: whereas the former is concerned with the search for truth, the latter must primarily be concerned with promoting good consequences. When philosophers are engaged in policymaking, he argues, they must shift their primary goal from truth to consequences—but this has both moral and methodological costs. Brock’s argument exemplifies a pessimistic, but not uncommon, view of the possible shape and nature of applied philosophy. The present paper paints a richer and more optimistic picture. It argues that the difference between theoretical philosophy and applied philosophy is not best understood as a choice between truth and consequences. On the contrary, applied philosophers engage in forms of truth-seeking that are properly concerned with consequences—including the consequences of philosophical practice itself.</p>","PeriodicalId":46874,"journal":{"name":"METAPHILOSOPHY","volume":"54 4","pages":"523-538"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/meta.12644","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45046146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
I through thou, and we through I: Dietrich von Hildebrand and Karol Wojtyla on the personal foundation of community 我通过你，我们通过我:迪特里希·冯·希尔德布兰德和卡罗尔·沃伊蒂拉谈社区的个人基础
IF 0.5 3区 哲学
METAPHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1111/meta.12643
Lasha Matiashvili
{"title":"I through thou, and we through I: Dietrich von Hildebrand and Karol Wojtyla on the personal foundation of community","authors":"Lasha Matiashvili","doi":"10.1111/meta.12643","DOIUrl":"10.1111/meta.12643","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article is an attempt to scrutinize the phenomenological social ontology of Dietrich von Hildebrand and Karol Wojtyla by drawing on the particular role and nature of interpersonal relatedness and second-person engagement in the constitution of first-person-plural perspective. Both Hildebrand and Wojtyla endorse the unique value of the person and personality as the foundational principle for different dimensions of community, including the face-to-face “I-thou” way of being together and more complex, even anonymous, we communities. Both philosophers deny the constitutive primacy of first-person plural over first-person singular, the only exception being the mystical body of Christ when “I” is conditioned and formed by “we.” Moreover, what they have in common is the critical reappraisal of one stream in the phenomenological movement, first and foremost associated with Max Scheler's conception of the possibility of a “collective person.” Drawing on Hildebrand's and Wojtyla's accounts, the article endorses the view regarding the relational character of “I,” “thou,” and “we,” claiming that “we” hinges on an experiential dimension of “I.”</p>","PeriodicalId":46874,"journal":{"name":"METAPHILOSOPHY","volume":"54 4","pages":"493-506"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47857394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Outgrowing representationalism: Semantic remarks on Tracy Llanera's Richard Rorty: Outgrowing modern nihilism 超越具象主义:对特雷西·拉内拉《理查德·罗蒂:超越现代虚无主义》的语义评论
IF 0.5 3区 哲学
METAPHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2023-06-29 DOI: 10.1111/meta.12636
Yvonne Huetter-Almerigi
{"title":"Outgrowing representationalism: Semantic remarks on Tracy Llanera's Richard Rorty: Outgrowing modern nihilism","authors":"Yvonne Huetter-Almerigi","doi":"10.1111/meta.12636","DOIUrl":"10.1111/meta.12636","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article provides a semantic reading of Tracy Llanera's brilliant book <i>Richard Rorty: Outgrowing Modern Nihilism</i>. Llanera is reframing the debate of how to react to the malaise of modern nihilism by proposing a change of metaphor: instead of trying to “overcome” nihilism, we should try to “outgrow” nihilism. This article invites Llanera to shed more light on her project with respect to the semantic categories of realism and representationalism, and with respect to the growing field of conceptual engineering. Can Llanera's project be fruitfully understood as engineering the concepts of “transcendence” and “redemption”? How much of the project hangs on the idea that language does not represent but is rather a tool that helps us fulfill our varying needs? How neat is the entanglement of semantic and existential meaning?</p>","PeriodicalId":46874,"journal":{"name":"METAPHILOSOPHY","volume":"54 4","pages":"442-446"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44280850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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