Personality and Mental Health最新文献

{"title":"The influence of NOS1AP gene polymorphisms and childhood abuse on antisocial personality disorder in Chinese male violent inmates.","authors":"Jinyang Li,&nbsp;Lichen Ouyang,&nbsp;Xinyao Liu,&nbsp;Qiuyu Wang,&nbsp;Zhang Min,&nbsp;Gang Liu,&nbsp;Yuan Zhong,&nbsp;Ning Zhang,&nbsp;Chun Wang,&nbsp;Na Liu","doi":"10.1002/pmh.1572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pmh.1572","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) is a common behavioral pattern that causes sufferers to ignore or violate the rights of others. Though its cause is still unclear, previous studies have shown that childhood maltreatment is closely related to ASPD. The NOS1AP gene is associated with various neuropsychiatric diseases, but a linkage between it and ASPD has not yet been discovered. This study recruited ASPD and non-ASPD male subjects who had committed violent crimes from a prison in Nanjing, China. By comparing the two groups' genotypes, allele frequencies, and histories of childhood abuse, we explored the interaction between the NOS1AP gene and childhood maltreatment on the pathogenesis of ASPD. The results showed that polymorphism rs945713 in the NOS1AP gene was associated with ASPD and furthermore that this SNP may be involved in regulating the effect of childhood abuse on ASPD. This study found that childhood trauma increases the risk of ASPD in violent adult male inmates; for prisoners with ASPD, it is critical to pay attention to their childhood trauma and take early psychological intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":46871,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Mental Health","volume":"17 2","pages":"184-193"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9513009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping established psychopathology scales onto the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP).","authors":"Leon P Wendt,&nbsp;Kristin Jankowsky,&nbsp;Ulrich Schroeders,&nbsp;Tobias Nolte,&nbsp;Peter Fonagy,&nbsp;P Read Montague,&nbsp;Johannes Zimmermann,&nbsp;Gabriel Olaru","doi":"10.1002/pmh.1566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pmh.1566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) organizes phenotypes of mental disorder based on empirical covariation, offering a comprehensive organizational framework from narrow symptoms to broader patterns of psychopathology. We argue that established self-report measures of psychopathology from the pre-HiTOP era should be systematically integrated into HiTOP to foster cumulative research and further the understanding of psychopathology structure. Hence, in this study, we mapped 92 established psychopathology (sub)scales onto the current HiTOP working model using data from an extensive battery of self-report assessments that was completed by community participants and outpatients (N = 909). Content validity ratings of the item pool were used to select indicators for a bifactor-(S-1) model of the p factor and five HiTOP spectra (i.e., internalizing, thought disorder, detachment, disinhibited externalizing, and antagonistic externalizing). The content-based HiTOP scales were validated against personality disorder diagnoses as assessed by standardized interviews. We then located established scales within the taxonomy by estimating the extent to which scales reflected higher-level HiTOP dimensions. The analyses shed light on the location of established psychopathology scales in HiTOP, identifying pure markers and blends of HiTOP spectra, as well as pure markers of the p factor (i.e., scales assessing mentalizing impairment and suspiciousness/epistemic mistrust).</p>","PeriodicalId":46871,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Mental Health","volume":"17 2","pages":"117-134"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9867315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late manifestation of borderline personality disorder: Characterization of an under-recognized phenomenon.","authors":"Rachel Jo,&nbsp;Jillian H Broadbear,&nbsp;Judith Hope,&nbsp;Sathya Rao","doi":"10.1002/pmh.1571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pmh.1571","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although uncommon, borderline personality disorder (BPD) may manifest for the first time later in life. A retrospective clinical file audit was used to identify the clinical manifestation of BPD for the first time at or above the age of 30, and to examine whether particular clinical and psychosocial factors may be associated with a later-in-life manifestation of BPD. Twenty-three cases of late manifestation BPD were identified. People with late manifestation of BPD had similar risk factors and vulnerabilities, including childhood trauma, to the broader BPD population. They were distinguished by having higher levels of education, employment, and long-term intimate relationships. Interpersonal problems, loss of employment and reminders of past sexual trauma were key precipitating factors. The findings underscore the legitimacy of a late-manifestation diagnosis of BPD by demonstrating that BPD does not present exclusively during adolescence and early adulthood. BPD may present for the first time in later life in response to loss of protective factors or triggering of past trauma. This understanding may reduce misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis, prescription of inappropriate treatments or delays in receiving BPD-appropriate treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":46871,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Mental Health","volume":"17 2","pages":"165-175"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9883741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stalking perpetration through the lens of the alternative DSM-5 model for personality disorders.","authors":"Dominick Gamache,&nbsp;Marie-Ève Cloutier,&nbsp;Jonathan Faucher,&nbsp;Philippe Leclerc,&nbsp;Claudia Savard","doi":"10.1002/pmh.1567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pmh.1567","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emerging dimensional models of personality disorders such as the Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD) provide new opportunities to explore the associations between personality pathology and harmful interpersonal behaviours such as stalking perpetration. Two goals are pursued by this study: (a) To document associations between stalking, level of personality pathology, and pathological personality domains/facets; and (b) to determine the relative importance of maladaptive personality facets in the statistical prediction of stalking. Data from 1489 young adults (18-30 years old) from a community sample were analysed. Moderate positive significant correlations were found between stalking, level of personality pathology, and maladaptive personality domains. A clear gradient of severity of stalking behaviours was found across five severity degrees of personality pathology. Dominance analyses revealed that Deceitfulness was the most dominant statistical predictor in women. Unusual Beliefs and Experiences, a facet from the Psychoticism domain, made an important contribution in the prediction of stalking in men only. Impulsivity was a key predictor in both genders but more markedly in men. Results suggest that the AMPD represents a useful framework to study stalking perpetration. Identification of key personality predictors might prove relevant for identifying risk factors, underlying motives, and treatment targets for stalking perpetrators.</p>","PeriodicalId":46871,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Mental Health","volume":"17 2","pages":"135-146"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9511692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of personality traits, gender, and socio-economic factors in obesity in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.","authors":"Modou Diop,&nbsp;Manuel Ruiz-Adame,&nbsp;Alessio Gaggero","doi":"10.1002/pmh.1575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pmh.1575","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity is a chronic disorder associated with high mortality rates and high morbidity. The risk of obesity is associated with certain personality traits (PTs). Some studies have found correlations among some PTs and gender. Additionally, obesity implies higher costs in daily living. The aim of this paper is to overcome this problem in the literature and estimate the association between PTs and obesity by taking into account the economic situation of the individual. This study employs data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). We focus on waves 5 and 6 of the ELSA with a sample of 6562 individuals. The results suggests that the traits of agreeableness ( <math><mi>β</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.071</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>se</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.016</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mspace></mspace> <mi>p</mi> <mo><</mo> <mn>0.001</mn></math> ) and openness ( <math><mi>β</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.028</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>se</mi> <mo>:</mo> <mn>0.014</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mspace></mspace> <mi>p</mi> <mo><</mo> <mn>0.001</mn></math> ) are positively and significantly associated with obesity. On the other hand, consciousness has a negative and statistically significant effect on obesity <math> <mfenced><mrow><mi>β</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.072</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>se</mi> <mo>:</mo> <mn>0.017</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mspace></mspace> <mi>p</mi> <mo><</mo> <mn>0.001</mn></mrow> </mfenced> </math> . Results are robust to the inclusion/exclusion of different regressors.</p>","PeriodicalId":46871,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Mental Health","volume":"17 2","pages":"176-183"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9883762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Borderline personality disorder symptoms in individuals with eating disorder: Association with severity, psychological distress, and psychosocial function.","authors":"Prudence Vivarini,&nbsp;Zoe M Jenkins,&nbsp;David J Castle,&nbsp;Karen Gwee","doi":"10.1002/pmh.1565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pmh.1565","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We aimed to determine the prevalence of borderline personality disorder (BPD) symptoms in a sample of eating disorder (ED) outpatients and assess how BPD symptoms correlate with severity, distress, and function. A total of 119 individuals were assessed and divided into high BPD symptoms (H-BPD) and low BPD symptoms (L-BPD) using a cut-off score of seven on the McLean Screening for Borderline Personality Disorder (MSI-BPD). Groups were compared on ED diagnosis, age at ED onset, age at assessment, illness duration, body mass index (BMI), ED symptomatology, psychological distress, and psychosocial function. Correlation analyses were performed to assess the relationship between BPD symptoms and these variables. The 45.4% of the participants scored ≥7 on the MSI-BPD, indicating a diagnosis of BPD. There were no differences between the H-BPD (N = 54) and L-BPD (N = 65) groups on age at onset, age at assessment, duration of illness, BMI, or proportion of ED diagnosis. The H-BPD group reported significantly higher ED symptomatology, psychological distress, and poorer psychosocial functioning. MSI-BPD scores were positively associated with these variables. This study suggests a high prevalence of BPD symptoms within outpatients seeking ED treatment, and use of a brief screening instrument for BPD in this group may contribute to a greater understanding of the patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":46871,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Mental Health","volume":"17 2","pages":"109-116"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9883265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Normative data for the LPFS-BF 2.0 derived from the Danish general population and relationship with psychosocial impairment.","authors":"Laura C Weekers,&nbsp;Martin Sellbom,&nbsp;Joost Hutsebaut,&nbsp;Sebastian Simonsen,&nbsp;Bo Bach","doi":"10.1002/pmh.1570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pmh.1570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Level of Personality Functioning Scale-Brief Form 2.0 is a frequently used self-report inventory that may be used to screen for self- and interpersonal dysfunction according to the DSM-5 Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD) and the ICD-11 Classification of Personality Disorders. Nevertheless, reliable norms and cut-off scores to aid interpretation and clinical decision making are still lacking. The LPFS-BF and relevant impairment measures were administered to a sociodemographically stratisfied sample of 2,002 adults from the general Danish population of whom 713 individuals eventually delivered data for inclusion in the present study. The unidimensionality of the LPFS-BF scores was established using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Item-Response Theory (IRT) analysis indicated satisfactory item functioning for all 12 items and suggested normative observed score thresholds at different latent severity levels. Meaningful associations were found between the LPFS-BF norm-based cut-off scores, quality of life, and social and occupational functioning. This study presented the first normative data for LPFS-BF, which specifically applies to Denmark but likely also other socioeconomically comparable Nordic and Western societies. These results allow for interpretation of LPFS-BF scores and clinical decision-making. Future research should corroborate these findings and compare them to scores obtained in other general population samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":46871,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Mental Health","volume":"17 2","pages":"157-164"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9514278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are physical activity and nutrition linked to personality disorders? Health habits and personality disorders: A scoping review.","authors":"Samuel St-Amour, Félix-Antoine Bérubé, Lionel Cailhol, Catherine Le Corff","doi":"10.1002/pmh.1568","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pmh.1568","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Individuals with personality disorders (PDs) have a decreased life expectancy compared with the general population in part due to physical illnesses. Many hypotheses have been suggested to explain those physical illnesses such as hormone imbalance, medication, lack of physical activity, and unhealthy diet. However, little is known about the relation between lifestyle and PDs. The purpose of this scoping review is to regroup the available information on this topic. We searched the literature up to February 2021 using four databases and found 21 articles analyzing the relation between lifestyle and PDs in observational studies including 153,081 participants from diverse populations going from general population to adults in psychiatric care. Most studies used measures of lifestyle as control variables or did not use lifestyle variables at all. Moreover, the instruments used to measure lifestyle variables lacked precision at best. Two studies demonstrated a relation between early malnutrition and further development of PDs, but those results may be influenced by confounding variables and cannot indicate a clear link between nutrition and personality disorder. The lack of solid evidence we observed is surprising, considering the multiple benefits individuals with PDs could get from a healthy lifestyle. More studies are needed to thoroughly analyze the impact of lifestyle on PDs and vice versa.</p>","PeriodicalId":46871,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Mental Health","volume":"17 2","pages":"147-156"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9883271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The joint hierarchical structure of psychopathology and dysfunctional personality domain indicators among community-dwelling adults.","authors":"Antonella Somma,&nbsp;Robert F Krueger,&nbsp;Kristian E Markon,&nbsp;Giulia Gialdi,&nbsp;Claudia Frau,&nbsp;Andrea Fossati","doi":"10.1002/pmh.1556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pmh.1556","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To examine the hierarchical structure of psychopathology and dysfunctional personality domains, 2416 Italian community-dwelling adult volunteers were administered a set of psychometrically sound psychopathology measures and the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Brief Form+ (PID-5-BF+). Parallel analysis, minimum average partial, and very simple structure results suggested that 1-6 principal components (PCs) should be retained. Goldberg's bass-ackwards model of the joint psychopathology measure and PID-5-BF+ ipsatized domain scale correlation matrix evidenced a hierarchical structure that was consistent with the working model proposed by the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) consortium. Hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis around latent variables of the psychopathology indicators and PID-5-BF+ domain scales recovered four latent dimensions, which were akin to the corresponding bass-ackwards components and nicely reproduced the HiTOP Internalizing, Externalizing, Thought Disorder, and Eating Pathology dimensions.</p>","PeriodicalId":46871,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Mental Health","volume":"17 1","pages":"3-19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9083423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship of DRD5 and MAO-B VNTR polymorphisms with paranoid and antisocial personality disorders in polydrug users.","authors":"Marcelo O'Higgins,&nbsp;Ana Benito,&nbsp;Matías Real-López,&nbsp;Isis Gil-Miravet,&nbsp;Enrique Ochoa,&nbsp;Gonzalo Haro","doi":"10.1002/pmh.1563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pmh.1563","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although multiple studies have shown the role genetics plays in personality disorders and in addictions, few have studied the genetic aspects of their comorbidity. Here, we carried out a cross-sectional study in a sample comprising 303 Caucasian polydrug-consuming patients. The presence of personality disorders was evaluated using the International Personality Disorder Examination, and genes related to dopamine, serotonin and monoamine oxidase (MAO) were genotyped. A significant relationship was observed between the bp 279 DRD5 variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism and paranoid personality disorder <math> <mfenced><mrow><mtext>OR</mtext> <mfenced><mrow><mn>95</mn> <mo>%</mo> <mi>CI</mi></mrow> </mfenced> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2.186</mn> <mspace></mspace> <mfenced><mrow><mn>1.074</mn> <mo>;</mo> <mn>4.449</mn></mrow> </mfenced> <mo>;</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.006</mn></mrow> </mfenced> </math> . The bp 182 <math> <mfenced><mrow><mtext>OR</mtext> <mfenced><mrow><mn>95</mn> <mo>%</mo> <mi>CI</mi></mrow> </mfenced> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.407</mn> <mspace></mspace> <mfenced><mrow><mn>0.178</mn> <mo>;</mo> <mn>0.931</mn></mrow> </mfenced> <mo>;</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.033</mn></mrow> </mfenced> </math> and bp 184 <math> <mfenced><mrow><mtext>OR</mtext> <mfenced><mrow><mn>95</mn> <mo>%</mo> <mi>CI</mi></mrow> </mfenced> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.391</mn> <mspace></mspace> <mfenced><mrow><mn>0.188</mn> <mo>;</mo> <mn>0.813</mn></mrow> </mfenced> <mo>;</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.012</mn></mrow> </mfenced> </math> alleles of the MAOB VNTR were also associated with antisocial personality disorder. Among patients with addictions, paranoid personality disorder should also be considered in addition to the importance of antisocial and borderline personality disorders. The higher frequency of the bp 279 DRD5 VNTR allele found in patients with paranoid personality disorder, as well as the associations between alleles of the MAOB VNTR and antisocial personality disorder, support the monoaminergic bases of these personality disorders, especially when dealing with patients with addictions.</p>","PeriodicalId":46871,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Mental Health","volume":"17 1","pages":"77-86"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9083432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}