Personality and Mental Health最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of Self-Report and Structured Clinical Interview Scores for the Assessment of the Level of Personality Functioning Scale.","authors":"Muirne C S Paap, Sara Germans Selvik, Tore Buer Christensen, Tor Erik Nysæter, Ingeborg Eikenaes, Benjamin Hummelen","doi":"10.1002/pmh.70093","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pmh.70093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study addresses the need for an examination of the criterion validity of a highly popular self-report instrument which is used to gain a quick first impression of personality dysfunction: the Level of Personality Functioning Scale-Brief Form 2.0 (LPFS-BF 2.0). To this end, the relationship between LPFS-BF 2.0 scores and SCID-5-AMPD-I scores rated by trained clinicians was investigated in a clinical Norwegian sample (N = 155). Moreover, we investigated the relationship between the Norwegian version of the LPFS-BF 2.0 and other self-report instruments (the WSAS, GAD-7, and PHQ-9). Correlations, a linear regression model, as well as sensitivity and specificity for cut-off values proposed in the literature, were estimated. The results of the linear regression analysis with SCID-5-AMPD-I scores as the dependent variable, showed a strong and significant relationship between LPFS-BF 2.0 scores and SCID-5-AMPD-I scores, also when controlling for other variables. The LPFS-BF 2.0 showed moderate to high correlations with all other instruments. The sensitivity values for cut-off scores suggested in the literature for the LPFS-BF 2.0 were too low. In sum, we found support for the concurrent and criterion validity of the LPFS-BF 2.0. Additionally, we tentatively suggest that the cut-off values currently in use may need to be lowered.</p>","PeriodicalId":46871,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Mental Health","volume":"20 3","pages":"e70093"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13430580/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148664525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric Properties of the Dutch Short Form of the Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory.","authors":"Etelka J Harmsen, Peter M Ten Klooster, Joshua D Miller, Donald R Lynam, Farid Chakhssi","doi":"10.1002/pmh.70090","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pmh.70090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory-Short Form (FFNI-SF) is specifically developed to assess narcissism at the two- (grandiose and vulnerable narcissism) and three-factor level (agentic extraversion, self-centered antagonism, and narcissistic neuroticism). To date, however, no psychometrically validated Dutch language version has been available in research or clinical settings. This study developed and validated the Dutch version of the 60-item FFNI-SF (FFNI-SF-NL), examining its reliability, factor structure, and convergent and discriminant validity following a preregistered analysis plan. A sample of 223 adult Dutch-speaking participants, comprising 80 patients with personality disorders or individuals receiving mental health care and 143 non-clinical participants, completed the FFNI-SF-NL. While strict confirmatory factor analysis showed poor model fit for the proposed two- and three-factor models, subsequent exploratory factor analysis and exploratory structural equation modeling supported a three-factor structure that closely replicated the modern trifurcated conceptualization of narcissism. The FFNI-SF-NL vulnerable and grandiose composites and agentic extraversion, self-centered antagonism, and narcissistic neuroticism factors demonstrated adequate to good reliability and strong external construct validity, with correlations between its dimensions and other narcissism measures, personality traits, and psychological distress aligning closely with theoretical expectations specified a priori. Clinical participants showed higher vulnerable narcissism and narcissistic neuroticism scores, whereas non-clinical participants showed higher grandiose narcissism and agentic extraversion scores, providing preliminary support for the clinical relevance of distinguishing FFNI-SF-NL narcissism dimensions. These results support the FFNI-SF-NL as a reliable and valid multidimensional measure capturing nuanced expressions of narcissistic traits in both clinical and non-clinical Dutch-speaking populations, facilitating future research and clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":46871,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Mental Health","volume":"20 3","pages":"e70090"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13309750/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148340541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mentalizing and Attachment From Infancy to Young Adulthood: Insights From the Metera Adoption Study.","authors":"Pavlos Zournatzidis, Panayiota Vorria, Eirini Krana, Peter Fonagy, Patrick Luyten","doi":"10.1002/pmh.70084","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pmh.70084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mentalizing is a socio-cognitive capacity that develops within early attachment relationships, but institutional care may disrupt this process. Although adoption significantly improves developmental outcomes, it remains unclear whether socio-cognitive vulnerabilities observed in children persist in adulthood. This preregistered study aimed to explore (a) socio-cognitive catch-up in adult adoptees, and (b) predictors of reflective functioning (RF) in adulthood with a particular focus on attachment and interpersonal trust. Sixty-eight individuals were followed from infancy to adulthood. Adoptees did not differ from nonadoptees in RF in adulthood (Cohen's d = 0.07, 95% CI [-0.43, 0.57]), and age at adoption was not associated with RF (r = 0.02, p = 0.917). Cross-sectionally, RF was significantly correlated with dismissing (r = -0.58, p < 0.001) and preoccupied states of mind (r = 0.29, p = 0.017). Attachment in infancy (strange situation), preschool (attachment story completion task), and adolescence (child attachment interview) did not predict RF in adulthood. Interpersonal trust in adolescent and adult friendships was not associated with RF in adulthood. Overall, the findings suggest recovery in socio-cognitive development among adoptees with early institutional care and indicate that early attachment may not linearly predict RF. Future research should further explore developmental pathways to better understand the precursors of mentalizing in adulthood.</p>","PeriodicalId":46871,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Mental Health","volume":"20 3","pages":"e70084"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13248948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148206586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moderating Factors for the Effectiveness of Brief Psychological Intervention for People With Probable Personality Disorder: Secondary Analysis of Data From the SPS Trial.","authors":"Ryan Williams, Kirsten Barnicot, Mark Sampson, Gill Attwood, Lisle Scott, Gordon Gunnarsen, Snehal P Pandya, Verity Leeson, Mike J Crawford","doi":"10.1002/pmh.70096","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pmh.70096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brief interventions have been proposed as a means of increasing access to psychological treatment for people with personality disorder. However, evidence of their effectiveness is limited to date. A recent large-scale trial of Structured Psychological Support (SPS) for people with probable personality disorder showed little evidence of patient benefit. However, questions remain about whether shorter term psychological interventions may be suitable for some patients. We therefore conducted a secondary analysis of trial data to examine whether baseline level of personality dysfunction, duration of prior contact with mental health services and practitioner treatment sequence were associated with differential outcomes from SPS. Data from 336 participants recruited across seven NHS sites in England were analysed using multiple linear regression. We added interaction terms to examine moderation of treatment effects on social functioning and emotional dysregulation at 6 months. There was no clear evidence that practitioner treatment sequence influenced outcomes. There was also no strong statistical evidence that baseline personality dysfunction moderated treatment response, although exploratory analyses found weak evidence that SPS may be advantageous for emotional dysregulation among participants with lower levels of personality dysfunction. In addition, there was weak evidence that SPS was associated with improved social functioning among participants with shorter histories of contact with mental health services. Further research is needed to examine whether shorter term psychological interventions have a role for people with mild personality disorder or as part of early intervention pathways for people at an earlier stage of their contact with mental health services.</p>","PeriodicalId":46871,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Mental Health","volume":"20 3","pages":"e70096"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13481283/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148799493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Between Childhood Trauma and Personality Functioning and Maladaptive Personality Trait Domains in South Korea: An Alternative DSM-5 Model Approach.","authors":"Kyoungha Lee, SuKyeong Jo, Bitna Kim, Hyunnie Ahn","doi":"10.1002/pmh.70097","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pmh.70097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Childhood trauma has been linked to personality pathology, including impairments in personality functioning and maladaptive personality traits. However, studies applying contemporary dimensional models such as the Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD) remain limited in South Korea. The aim of this study was to examine associations between childhood trauma and personality pathology using the AMPD in 800 South Korean adults. Latent variable structural equation modeling was conducted while controlling for age and gender and allowing covariances among trauma subtypes. Childhood trauma showed significant associations with both impairments in personality functioning (Criterion A) and maladaptive personality trait domains (Criterion B), with stronger associations observed for Criterion B. Compared with the Five-Factor Model, pathological personality traits showed greater sensitivity to childhood trauma. Physical neglect and emotional abuse exhibited the strongest associations across both domains. These findings support the applicability of the AMPD for understanding the impact of childhood trauma in South Korea.</p>","PeriodicalId":46871,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Mental Health","volume":"20 3","pages":"e70097"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13477812/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148762128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on \"Avoidant Personality Traits and Avoidant Coping in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy vs. Short-Term Psychodynamic Psychotherapy for Adult Depression\".","authors":"Laiba Hanif, Fatima Nadeem, Syeda Rabita Nazim, Aamina Almas, Rafia Raza","doi":"10.1002/pmh.70091","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pmh.70091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We critically appraise the study by de Bruin et al., which examined whether avoidant personality traits and avoidant coping predict differential outcomes of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) versus short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy (STPP) in adult depression. Although the authors address an important clinical question regarding dimensional personality assessment in treatment selection, several methodological issues may limit the strength of their conclusions. First, avoidant personality traits were operationalized using a composite score derived from subtracting extraversion from neuroticism on the NEO-FFI. Although dimensional models are increasingly encouraged, this approach may not adequately capture the multifaceted construct of avoidant personality pathology, which includes features such as rejection sensitivity, shame, social inhibition, and feelings of inadequacy, and may instead reflect broader negative affectivity or introversion. Second, the study may have been underpowered to detect moderation effects, which typically require larger samples than main effect analyses. Attrition and participant exclusion may have further reduced statistical power, limiting the ability to identify meaningful treatment interactions. Therefore, the absence of significant moderation effects should be interpreted cautiously and not taken as definitive evidence of equivalent treatment efficacy across levels of avoidant pathology. Despite these limitations, the study contributes to growing research on dimensional personality approaches in depression treatment, and further well-powered studies using validated measures are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":46871,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Mental Health","volume":"20 3","pages":"e70091"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148340528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assumptions and Consequences of Different Conceptualizations of Personality Functioning.","authors":"Christopher J Hopwood","doi":"10.1002/pmh.70087","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pmh.70087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Personality functioning (PF) is the defining criterion for personality disorder in contemporary diagnosis and a popular topic in research. However, research and dialogue on PF has been uneven and often ideologically driven, in part because semantic differences are often conflated with substantive differences in the way PF is conceptualized. Here, I distinguish four ways to conceptualize PF: a psychodynamic developmental dimension, a descriptive summary of whatever all personality disorders or maladaptive traits have in common, a multidimensional model of traits, and a multidimensional model of adaptive capacities distinct from traits. I articulate the underlying assumptions and consequences for research and practice of each of these four approaches. I argue that conflating these assumptions has led to miscommunication about PF in the literature and describe how these models can be distinguished to provide more rigorous tests of the existence, nature, and utility of PF for personality theory and clinical assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":46871,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Mental Health","volume":"20 3","pages":"e70087"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13309751/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148340533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychoanalytic Theories Do Not Support a Unidimensional View of Personality Functioning.","authors":"Orestis Zavlis","doi":"10.1002/pmh.70095","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pmh.70095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Contemporary researchers tend to invoke psychoanalytic theories to support the view of personality functioning as a \"unitary capacity\" involving \"psychological maturity.\" In this piece, I argue against this false equivalence by raising three points. First, I show that psychoanalysis is not a homogenous discipline that converged on a shared developmental ontology, but rather a deeply heterogenous tradition marked, if anything, by persistent disagreement. Second, I briefly review commonly-cited psychoanalytic theories (including classic Freudian, ego psychological, and object relational theories) to illustrate how none of them supports the view of personality functioning as a \"unitary capacity.\" Third, I argue that the origins of the construct \"personality functioning\" are rooted more in descriptive empirical findings rather than traditional psychoanalytic perspectives. Finally, I conclude by suggesting that researchers should stop flattening psychoanalytic theory to support their \"unitary\" perspective and should instead conduct rigorous empirical tests to determine whether there is any merit in their otherwise theoretically empty viewpoint.</p>","PeriodicalId":46871,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Mental Health","volume":"20 3","pages":"e70095"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13463666/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148714025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder and Its Features in Adolescence.","authors":"Sandra Louise, Laura Dondzilo, Vineet Padmanabhan, Giulia Pace","doi":"10.1002/pmh.70069","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pmh.70069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Growing recognition that borderline personality disorder (BPD) and its features emerge in adolescence has prompted the development of guidelines to assist with assessment and management in this population. An environmental scan identified 11 guidelines for BPD and its features that provided recommendations applicable to adolescent populations and were available in or could be translated to English. Seven were specific to BPD and four were related to self-harm. Of the seven guidelines specific to BPD, all covered the assessment of BPD, while only six addressed the treatment of BPD. Guidelines for BPD in adolescents recommended the use of a clinical semi-structured interview for assessment; involvement of family members and carers; inclusion of psychoeducation; psychotherapies as the primary treatment; and if required, short-term medication. Of the six guidelines providing treatment guidance, three recommended outpatient care where possible. The remaining three guidelines did not provide recommendations about treatment setting. Guidelines for the management of self-harm in adolescents were similar, emphasising the importance of assessment, prioritising psychotherapy as the main form of treatment, and the use of screening tools to identify at-risk adolescents. Several guidelines exist for the assessment and management of BPD and self-harm in adolescents. This review is the first to show how recommendations converge across guidelines, providing clinicians with guidance to support family-inclusive care and evidence-based treatment planning. However, the evidence underlying the recommendations is largely based on small samples and cross-sectional designs, emphasising the need for larger studies to strengthen the evidence base.</p>","PeriodicalId":46871,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Mental Health","volume":"20 2","pages":"e70069"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147475779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Maternal Personality Pathology and Parent Emotion Socialization: The Moderating Effect of Reflective Function.","authors":"Tess Gecha, Kiana Cano, Carla Sharp","doi":"10.1002/pmh.70077","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pmh.70077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While abundant research has examined parent emotion socialization (PES) in mothers, only two studies have examined PES in mothers with borderline personality disorder (BPD), and none has looked at its relationship with level of personality functioning-defined personality disorder (PD). Further, no study has assessed the moderating effect of reflective functioning (RF) in this context, which may help elucidate the mentalizing conditions under which mothers with PD engage in certain types of PES. The present study aims to examine the relationship between maternal level of personality functioning (LPF) and PES, group differences between mothers with PD and mothers without PD on PES, and the moderating effect of RF on the relationship between LPF and PES. The study sample was comprised of 149 mothers (M_age = 34.88). Of those mothers, 42 met clinical criteria for PD. Study measures included the Level of Personality Functioning Scale Brief Form 2.0, the Coping with Children's Negative Emotions Scale, and the Reflective Functioning Questionnaire-8 item form. Maternal LPF was negatively correlated with supportive PES and positively correlated with nonsupportive PES. Mothers with PD and mothers without PD demonstrated significant differences on supportive and nonsupportive PES. Finally, RF had a significant moderating effect on the relationship between maternal LPF and nonsupportive PES. Taken together, findings suggest similar challenges for mothers with LPF-defined PD to those previously found for mothers with BPD. Results further indicate that increasing supportive PES, decreasing nonsupportive PES, and improving RF capacity could be helpful treatment targets for mothers with PD.</p>","PeriodicalId":46871,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Mental Health","volume":"20 2","pages":"e70077"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147729890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}