Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Quality of life and vision assessment with scleral lenses in keratoconus.","authors":"Shivanand R Hadimani, Hardeep Kaur, Amit J Shinde, Tonmoy Chottopadhyay","doi":"10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_157_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_157_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of the study is to evaluate the visual outcomes and improvement in quality of life (QOL) of patients with keratoconus with scleral lenses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective study, 14 patients (28 eyes) with bilateral keratoconus were fitted with scleral lenses (McAsfeer 16.00 mm) in Pune city, Maharashtra, India. Uncorrected visual acuity (VA), best spectacle-corrected VA, and VA with scleral lenses were evaluated. The patients were given the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire-25 (NEI VFQ-25) for judging the QOL, before and after using scleral lenses for 3 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean uncorrected VA of the 14 patients with a mean age of 28.64 ± 6.57 years was 1.18 ± 0.19 logMAR. Best spectacle-corrected high-contrast VA improved from 0.47 ± 0.25 logMAR to 0.03 ± 0.07 logMAR with scleral lenses (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Best spectacle-corrected low-contrast VA improved from 0.68 ± 0.22 logMAR to 00.47 ± 0.10 logMAR with scleral lenses (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Along with the increase in overall median scores on the NEI VFQ-25 from 1735 to 2930 points (<i>P</i> < 0.001), the distance and near activities (<i>P</i> < 0.001), vision-specific mental health (<i>P</i> < 0.002), social functioning (<i>P</i> < 0.004), and driving (<i>P</i> < 0.005) improved after using scleral lenses for 3 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Scleral lenses can be an effective and safe management option for patients with keratoconus leading to an improved vision and QOL.</p>","PeriodicalId":46810,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"38 2","pages":"173-178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11232749/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141582026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intermediate-term outcome of Aurolab aqueous drainage implant in refractory glaucoma.","authors":"Shanu Mittal, Julie Pegu, Darshana Daga, Suneeta Dubey","doi":"10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_117_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_117_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of the study was to evaluate the intermediate-term outcomes of Aurolab aqueous drainage implant (AADI) in terms of intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering from baseline levels, the number antiglaucoma medications (AGMs) in the postoperative phase, and the rate of complications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>It was a retrospective interventional case series. All patients who underwent AADI surgeries with sulcus fixation from March 2018 to September 2018 at a tertiary eye care hospital in North India with a minimum follow-up of 1 year were recruited for the study. A standard AADI technique was employed. The primary outcome measures were the postoperative IOP, the requirement of AGMs, and early and late postoperative complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 20 patients were recruited in the study. The mean follow-up period was 25.25 ± 3.76 months. The mean IOP reduced from 33.20 ± 7.95 mmHg to 19.45 ± 9.19 mmHg at day 1, 13.62 ± 3.92 mmHg at 6 months, 12.78 ± 3.36 mmHg at 1 year, and 13.0 ± 2.53 mmHg at 2 years postoperatively (<i>P</i> < 0.001). The mean number of AGMs also reduced from 3.7 ± 0.97 to 0.35 ± 0.81 at 6 months, 0.42 ± 0.83 at 1 year, and 0.26 ± 0.73 at 2 years postoperatively (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Early postoperative complications, such as hypotony and hyphema, were seen in 5 (25%) patients, although none of them was sight-threatening. Late postoperative complications, such as hypertensive phase and persistent fibrinous membrane, were also seen in five eyes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study assessed the clinical outcomes, safety profile, and long-term AGM requirement with AADI and found it to be a good viable surgical option in refractory glaucoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":46810,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"37 4","pages":"321-326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10752278/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139058785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Full-field electroretinography - when do we need it?","authors":"Arif O Khan","doi":"10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_126_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_126_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multimodal imaging and genetic testing allow sophisticated assessment of suspected inherited retinal disease. Given the availability of such technology, some question whether the full-field electrogram (ffERG) is needed anymore. In fact, a ffERG remains essential for certain clinical scenarios. The goal of this case-based review is to provide a clear understanding of what clinical situations warrant a ffERG. All practicing ophthalmologists should be familiar with this information.</p>","PeriodicalId":46810,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"37 4","pages":"263-268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10752284/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139058782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Techniques in pediatric refractive surgery.","authors":"Kamran Ahmed","doi":"10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_133_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_133_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pediatric refractive surgery treats refractive errors and their associated comorbidities such as amblyopia and strabismus in special needs children intolerant of spectacles or contact lenses. Children with neurobehavioral disorders undergoing refractive surgery have improvements in visual acuity, communication, socialization, motor skills, adaptive behaviors, visual perception, and cognitive function. Contrary to adults, amblyopia is frequently an indication for refractive surgery in special needs children. Pediatric refractive surgery techniques modify ametropia at the corneal, anterior chamber, posterior chamber, and lens planes. This article will discuss the most common modalities used today in pediatric refractive surgery, including laser keratorefractive surgery, phakic intraocular lenses, and refractive lens exchange. Practical pearls are discussed for the implementation of pediatric refractive surgery, reviewing preoperative diagnostics, surgical techniques, and postoperative care.</p>","PeriodicalId":46810,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"38 3","pages":"214-220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11503976/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applications of artificial intelligence-assisted retinal imaging in systemic diseases: A literature review.","authors":"Ali M Al-Halafi","doi":"10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_153_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_153_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The retina is a vulnerable structure that is frequently affected by different systemic conditions. The main mechanisms of systemic retinal damage are either primary insult of neurons of the retina, alterations of the local vasculature, or both. This vulnerability makes the retina an important window that reflects the severity of the preexisting systemic disorders. Therefore, current imaging techniques aim to identify early retinal changes relevant to systemic anomalies to establish anticipated diagnosis and start adequate management. Artificial intelligence (AI) has become among the highly trending technologies in the field of medicine. Its spread continues to extend to different specialties including ophthalmology. Many studies have shown the potential of this technique in assisting the screening of retinal anomalies in the context of systemic disorders. In this review, we performed extensive literature search to identify the most important studies that support the effectiveness of AI/deep learning use for diagnosing systemic disorders through retinal imaging. The utility of these technologies in the field of retina-based diagnosis of systemic conditions is highlighted.</p>","PeriodicalId":46810,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"37 3","pages":"185-192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10701145/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138812466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ophthalmology's new horizon: Moving from reactive care to proactive artificial intelligence solutions.","authors":"Mertcan Sevgi, Pearse A Keane","doi":"10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_245_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_245_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46810,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"37 3","pages":"171-172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10701142/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138795325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of graft failure in post-keratoplasty patients by automated deep learning.","authors":"Carlos Méndez Mangana, Anton Barraquer, Álvaro Ferragut-Alegre, Gil Santolaria, Maximiliano Olivera, Rafael Barraquer","doi":"10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_70_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_70_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Detection of graft failure of post-penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) patients from the proprietary dataset using algorithms trained in Automated Deep Learning (AutoML).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was an observational cross-sectional study, for which AutoML algorithms were trained following the success/failure labeling strategy based on clinical notes, on a cohort corresponding to 220 images of post-keratoplasty anterior pole eyes. Once the image quality criteria were analyzed and the dataset was pseudo-anonymized, it was transferred to the Google Cloud Platform, where using the Vertex AI-AutoML API, cloud- and edge-based algorithms were trained, following expert recommendations on dataset splitting (80% training, 10% test, and 10% validation).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The metrics obtained in the cloud-based and edge-based models have been similar, but we chose to analyze the edge model as it is an exportable model, lighter and cheaper to train. The initial results of the model presented an accuracy of 95.83%, with a specificity of 91.67% and a sensitivity of 100%, obtaining an F1_SCORE of 95.996% and a precision of 92.30%. Other metrics, such as the area under the curve, confusion matrix, and activation map development, were contemplated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Initial results indicate the possibility of training algorithms in an automated fashion for the detection of graft failure in patients who underwent PKP. These algorithms are very lightweight tools easily integrated into mobile or desktop applications, potentially allowing every corneal transplant patient to have access to the best knowledge to enable the correct and timely diagnosis and treatment of graft failure. Although the results were good, because of the relatively small dataset, it is possible the data have some tendency to overfitting. AutoML opens the possibility of working in the field of artificial intelligence by computer vision to professionals with little experience and knowledge of programming.</p>","PeriodicalId":46810,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"37 3","pages":"207-210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10701156/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138794350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term outcome and determinants of primary pediatric cataract surgery.","authors":"Aljawhara Aldamri, Saleh A AlKhaldi, Dhabiah S AlQahtani, Khalid S AlShaalan, Mohammed Alshamrani","doi":"10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_121_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_121_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the long-term outcomes of primary pediatric cataract surgery and to identify determinants of success and recommendations to improve the care of patients with pediatric cataracts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort, retrospective study of cases who were operated as primary pediatric cataract surgery at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital. Patients who are 4 years old or younger and underwent primary cataract surgery with at least 3-year follow-up were enrolled in this study. Preoperative and postoperative evaluations were performed to determine the surgery outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two hundred and two eyes of 119 patients were enrolled in the study. Seventy percentage of the patients were diagnosed with bilateral cataracts and 30% with unilateral cataracts. Postoperative evaluation showed that 20% of the patients had best corrected visual acuity of 20/30 or better, 25% had 20/40-20/50, 20% had 20/60-20/80, and 29% had 20/100 or less, 6% as fixate and follow. In addition, the mean spherical equivalent was 1.50D. Amblyopia was present in 120 eyes. Fourteen percentage showed a significant myopic shift of more than -4.00D and it was more in eyes with primary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. Glaucoma was reported in 19% of the patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was a significant postoperative myopic shift and it was more in eyes with primary IOL implantation. Glaucoma was the most common reported postoperative complication. The presence of strabismus and nystagmus may affect the visual outcomes. Early intervention might reduce the incidence of amblyopia.</p>","PeriodicalId":46810,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"38 3","pages":"252-256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11503985/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on oxaliplatin-induced papilledema: Rare case report.","authors":"Pradeep K Panigrahi, Ajay Deep Syal","doi":"10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_138_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_138_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46810,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"38 1","pages":"95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11017009/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140865431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric retinal vascular disorders: From translational sciences to clinical practice.","authors":"Puja Maitra","doi":"10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_63_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_63_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pediatric retinal vascular diseases are a spectrum with overlapping phenotypes and related genes. Retinal vascular development is biphasic. Vasculogenesis is responsible for the formation of primordial vessels leading to the four major arcades in the posterior retina. Angiogenesis, which is vascular endothelial growth factor dependent, is responsible for the formation of new vessels through budding from existing vessels, forming the peripheral vessels, increasing the capillary density of the central retina, and forming the superficial and deep capillary plexus. This process is controlled by <i>WNT</i> signaling, which is important for cell proliferation, division, and migration. Disorders of <i>WNT</i> signaling, such as familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR), have overlapping clinical findings. Conversely, pathogenic variants in some of the FEVR-related genes are reported in conditions such as retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), persistent fetal vasculature, and Coats disease. The various overlapping features and underlying genetic basis in the pathogenesis of pediatric retinal vascular developmental diseases suggest that genetic variants may provide a framework or a background for these conditions, upon which further insults can affect the development at any phase (such as prematurity and oxygenation in ROP), influencing and determining the final phenotype.</p>","PeriodicalId":46810,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"37 4","pages":"269-275"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10752273/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139058881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}