Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Primary orbital squamous cell carcinoma treated with definitive radiotherapy.","authors":"Sapna Krishnamurthy, Imtiaz Ahmed","doi":"10.4103/SJOPT.SJOPT_11_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/SJOPT.SJOPT_11_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) arising from the orbit is a rare entity. Only a dozen of such cases are reported in the literature. Owing to its rarity, standard treatment is not defined, but most are treated with surgery. Herewith, we report the case of primary orbital SCC, in a 56-year-old female treated with radiotherapy (RT) alone, who presented with features of left-sided painful blind eye of 4 months' duration. Clinical and imaging studies pointed to no other possible primary malignancy elsewhere in the body, and a final diagnosis of locally advanced primary orbital SCC was made. The patient was treated with intensity-modulated RT, to a total dose of 66Gy in 33 fractions and completed the treatment with good pain relief. Response assessment imaging showed a complete response to treatment. At 2-year follow-up, the patient is alive, without disease and with normal vision in the unaffected eye. To conclude, primary orbital SCC is rare and can be treated successfully with RT.</p>","PeriodicalId":46810,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"37 3","pages":"256-259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10701149/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138795700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clear lens extraction and refractive lens exchange for the treatment of amblyopia.","authors":"Emily Sun, Courtney L Kraus","doi":"10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_72_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_72_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Treatment of amblyopia typically involves spectacles or penalization of the nonamblyopic eye with occlusive patching or pharmacological penalization. However, these methods can be ineffective or difficult in certain children who may be unable to tolerate or are poorly compliant with such therapies. Untreated high refractive error can result in dense amblyopia, and thus, other treatment methods are necessary in this subset of children. With technological advances in ocular surgery, clear lens extraction (CLE) and refractive lens exchange (RLE) have emerged as popular alternative treatments for amblyopia, as they may avoid some of the challenges surrounding traditional methods. CLE involves lensectomy for refractive purposes in patients without cataracts, while RLE involves lensectomy followed by intraocular lens implantation. The purpose of this review was to summarize the use of CLE and RLE for the treatment of amblyopia in the pediatric population, discussing indications, techniques, treatment outcomes, safety, and potential complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":46810,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"38 3","pages":"195-200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11503977/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internuclear ophthalmoplegia following radial artery cardiac catheterization approach: An unusual presentation.","authors":"Seyed H Daryabari, Seyed A Mosavi, Seyed H Sharoubandi, Hooman Zarei","doi":"10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_2_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_2_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) may happen following percutaneous coronary intervention and angiography. However, no reports of INO during radial artery angioplasty were reported yet. We report a rare case in a 47-year-old man presenting with diplopia after radial artery angioplasty. Although the symptoms were resolved after 60 days, diagnosing this obstacle is necessary to reduce the patient and physician's anxiety.</p>","PeriodicalId":46810,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"38 1","pages":"64-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11017003/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140870090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prevalence of pseudoexfoliation syndrome in King Hamad University Hospital.","authors":"Archchana Rajmohan, Parastou Rahimi, Aysha Nusef, Aysha Ahmed, Muhammad A Mian","doi":"10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_80_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_80_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of pseudoexfoliation syndrome in patients with cataracts in King Hamad University Hospital (KHUH) and rates of complication in pseudoexfoliation (PXF) patients postoperatively and 2-year follow-up.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on medical records of PXF patients who underwent phacoemulsification and extracapsular cataract extraction in KHUH, Bahrain, between August 31, 2016, and December 30, 2018.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From the 458 cases analyzed, there were 17 patients with PXF (3.71%). One patient per-operatively experienced posterior capsular repture (5.88%). Zero patients experienced complication in 2 years of follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first study investigating the prevalence rate of PXF in Bahrain and rates of complication for PXF patients undergoing cataract surgery. This study contributes to further understanding the epidemiology of this disease and its racial variation, for PXF patients to better understand the rate of risks involved in cataract surgery, and for surgeons to create appropriate surgical plans that help reduce the risk of complications commonly seen in these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":46810,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"37 4","pages":"342-344"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10752276/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139058886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of ptosis surgery on corneal topography and aberrometry.","authors":"Mohammad Sharifi, Acieh Es'haghi, Mohammad Y Kiarudi","doi":"10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_220_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_220_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the corneal topography and aberrometry and their changes following ptosis surgery in patients suffering from unilateral congenital blepharoptosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 15 eyes of 15 patients with unilateral congenital blepharoptosis who underwent surgical correction through anterior levator resection. Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor was employed to assess Zernike coefficients and root-mean-square. Computerized corneal topography, Orbscan and aberrometry were measured pre-and 3 months post-surgery in the healthy and ptotic eyes. Aberrometric changes were compared between patients with more than one diopter of astigmatism and subjects with less amount of astigmatism. Data were analyzed using the SPSS version 16. <i>P</i> < 0.05 was considered as significance level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following anterior levator resection, the amount of astigmatism decreased. However, the difference was not statistically significant. Changes in topographic indices were not statistically significant. Regarding tomographic indices, the change in minimum keratometry was significant. The amount of change in total higher-order aberrations (HOAs) was not statistically significant. However, there was a decrease in the amount of third-order aberrations (vertical coma and vertical trefoil) which was statistically significant for vertical coma (-0.002 ± 0.001 vs. -0.08 ± 0.02 µm, <i>P</i> = 0.02). Comparing aberrometric changes in patients with more than 1 diopter astigmatism and less, there was a significant difference in the amount of HOA w/o Z400.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Surgical correction of ptosis could reduce the ocular aberrations, despite no significant change in astigmatism. Nonaxial high-order aberrations are mostly affected probably due to the meridional effect of ptosis on the cornea.</p>","PeriodicalId":46810,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"37 3","pages":"233-236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10701148/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138795611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of hyperopia in school-aged children in eastern Mediterranean region: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Saif H Alrasheed, Naveen K Challa","doi":"10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_47_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_47_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to provide the available data on the prevalence of childhood hyperopia in the eastern Mediterranean region (EMR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study used preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses, 2020. The articles were searched in six online databases (Web of Sciences, Scopus, Index Medicus for the EMR, ProQuest, PubMed, and Medline). For studies published on the prevalence of hyperopia in the EMR from January 2000 to May 2022. The reviewed data were grouped by age, gender, and refractive measurement technique, hyperopia was defined as refractive error ≥2.00 diopter.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final meta-analysis contained 27 quality-assessed studies from 12 countries, covering 51, 987 children. The overall pooled prevalence of childhood hyperopia from 2000 to 2022 is 6.33% in EMR. The hyperopia prevalence was slightly higher among females at 4.34%, compared to males at 4.21%. The prevalence of hyperopia in younger children (5-10 years) was higher at 5.72%, and lower in older aged (11-17) years at 3.23%; <i>P</i> = 0.001. Furthermore, there was a higher hyperopia prevalence with cycloplegic refraction at 7.35% compared with noncycloplegic refraction at 3.93%. There was highly significant heterogeneity between the studies (<i>P</i> < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of hyperopia among children in the EMR was high compared to other regions, particularly in younger children. More studies are required using standardized methods in different regions where there is a lack of information on hyperopia prevalence. Early interventions are essential to be implemented in the EMR to protect future adults from the development of strabismus and amblyopia.</p>","PeriodicalId":46810,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"38 3","pages":"243-251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11503982/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual outcome of methanol toxic optic neuropathy after erythropoietin treatment in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Malek Alrobaian, Arwa Alkhuraiji, Rema Almohanna, Mohammed Alshehri, Bader Alyahya","doi":"10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_174_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_174_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study is to evaluate the visual response of methanol-induced optic neuropathy to management with erythropoietin (EPO) along with conventional therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective case series examines the ophthalmological data of patients diagnosed with methanol-induced optic neuropathy between 2020 and 2021 at two centers, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Patients' characteristics and the results of initial and final ophthalmological examinations were documented and compared between patients who received EPO in addition to conventional management and those who received only conventional management.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of nine cases were reviewed, of which eight (88.9%) were males and one was female (11.1%). The mean age was 37.7 years. At presentation, funduscopic examination revealed optic disc edema in four eyes (two patients), and 14 eyes had normal appearance (seven patients). Among the nine patients who received conventional management, 5 (55.6%) additionally received intravenous EPO during the treatment course. There was no clinically or statistically significant difference in terms of visual outcome between the two groups. The mean visual acuity at the final presentation was 1.32 ± 0.79 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (LogMAR) in the EPO group and 1.36 ± 0.85 LogMAR in the non-EPO group. Optical coherence tomography indicated that the EPO group had an average retinal nerve fiber layer thickness of 48.13μm (±6.2), at the final assessment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Managing the visual impairments in individuals with methanol-induced optic neuropathy using intravenous EPO resulted in similar final visual outcomes compared to conventional management.</p>","PeriodicalId":46810,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"38 1","pages":"41-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11017006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140866163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spherical equivalent pre- and post-implantable collamer lens implantation in patients with myopia, hyperopia, and stable keratoconus.","authors":"Omar M Alabbasi, Jose Vargas, Mohammed Al Mutlak, Rafah Fairaq, Ahmed Al Saleh","doi":"10.4103/SJOPT.SJOPT_130_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/SJOPT.SJOPT_130_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Refractive errors are common in Saudi Arabia and keratorefractive surgeries are usually done to correct them. However, not all patients are fit and complications postoperatively are a concern. Implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation can be used for patients who are not fit for keratorefractive surgeries. ICL can also be used for keratoconus. We elected to evaluate the outcomes of patients who had ICL implantation for refractive errors or keratoconus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed patients aged between 21 and 45 years old, who attended the anterior segment clinic at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital and who had spherical equivalent (SE) ranging between (+16 to -23 diopters), and had ICL implantation between February 2015 and September 2017. The SE was documented before and after the surgery. Depending on the SE, patients were divided into two groups (myopia and hyperopia). Statistical analysis was done to evaluate the change in mean SE before and after surgery for patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 169 eyes and 155 (92%) were myopic before the surgery. Before surgery, the mean SE was -8.6 and the standard deviation (SD) was 4.4. Only 14 eyes (8%) were hyperopic before the surgery with a mean SE of +5.5 and SD of 4.8. The difference in the mean of SE between after and before the surgery for myopic eyes was statistically significant (mean difference: 7.8, SD: 5, <i>P</i> < 0.0001). The difference in the mean of SE between post- and pre-operatively was also significant for hyperopic eyes (mean difference: -6.1, SD: 5.2, <i>P</i> = 0.0007). In 32 eyes with keratoconus, the mean SE before surgery was -7.9 with an SD of 4.1. For the keratoconus eyes, the mean difference of SE between after and before surgery was statistically significant as the mean difference in SE was 7.2 with an SD of 4.6 (<i>P</i> < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The effect of ICL implantation was significant in improving the SE for myopic, hyperopic, and keratoconus eyes.</p>","PeriodicalId":46810,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"37 4","pages":"327-330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10752281/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139058885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of residual refractive prediction accuracy after phacoemulsification using the SRK/T formula.","authors":"Ket V Tran, Tri H M Nguyen","doi":"10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_19_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_19_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of residual spherical refraction predictability after phacoemulsification (Phaco) intraocular lens (IOL) implant surgery using the SRK/T formula.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was performed with a sample size of 112 patients diagnosed with cataracts and indicated for Phaco surgery. This study was conducted in Saigon Can Tho Eye Hospital, Can Tho City, Vietnam, from January 2022 to June 2022. Preoperative data and postoperative data were collected for each case. Residual refraction data were measured using the IOLMaster 500 and Anterion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean preoperative spherical refraction was 0.04 ± 0.4 diopter. The prediction of residual spherical refraction was -0.11 ± 0.17 diopter (for cases measured by IOLMaster 500: -0.02 ± 0.22 diopter; for cases measured by Anterion: 0.07 ± 0.27 diopter). The mean absolute error of prediction results value in a total of 112 eyes was 0.19 ± 0.21 diopter (for cases measured with the IOLMaster 500: 0.20 ± 0.21 diopter; for cases measured with an Anterion: 0.17 ± 0.26 diopter).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The predictive result of the SRK/T formula showed relative and acceptable effectiveness and accuracy in predicting postoperative refraction using the SRK/T formula. The results of this study and those of other studies on the same topic are valuable data to help the ophthalmologist in preoperative consultation with the patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":46810,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"37 3","pages":"237-240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10701144/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138794425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of mobile-based health education on the awareness of glaucoma in Saudi patients: Quasi-experimental study.","authors":"Shahad F AlTayash, Maha M Barakeh, Danah Y AlKadi, Munira A AlHadlg, Ghadah M AlHaidari, Essam A Osman, Abdulsalam Turjoman, Ahmed Mousa, Abdulrahman AlMuammar","doi":"10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_207_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_207_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the impact of smart mobile phones utilization and applying Bandura's social learning theory in educating and raising awareness to glaucoma treatment compliance in primary chronic glaucoma Saudi patients, as well as examining the social learning process and determining the type of educational material (video, electronic document \"brochure\") with the highest efficacy in social learning as assessed by the change in Saudi patients' awareness. Finally to assess the variations contributing to chronic glaucoma patients' social learning.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 150 Saudi patients with primary chronic glaucoma were recruited in our study. They were divided equally into three main groups: Control, electronic document brochure, and animated video. An electronic questionnaire was sent to them through WhatsApp twice, starting with the pretest and then after 1 week of the intervention the posttest questionnaire was sent. Results were collected for both the pretest and the posttest. The study was done at the outpatient clinic at King AbdulAziz University Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Upon comparison of the preintervention score for all groups, we found no significant difference. However, there was an improvement in the postintervention score among all groups in comparison to the preintervention score, with a statistically significant difference for the video group (<i>P</i> < 0.0001). Comparing the postintervention score for all groups, the video group was better than other two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Using mobile-based educational interventions may significantly increase patients' awareness. Both interventional methods were found to be effective in educating patients. However, video-based learning has been significantly more effective. Findings revealed that the most important factor is educational level, which enables better response to health education material.</p>","PeriodicalId":46810,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"37 3","pages":"211-217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10701141/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138794966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}