International Theory最新文献

Direct measurements of luminal Ca ²⁺ with endo-lysosomal GFP-aequorin reveal functional IP ₃ receptors. 利用内溶酶体 GFP-aequorin 对管腔 Ca 2+ 的直接测量揭示了功能性 IP 3 受体。

1区社会学

International Theory Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.11.547422

B Calvo, P Torres-Vidal, A Delrio-Lorenzo, C Rodriguez, F J Aulestia, J Rojo-Ruiz, B M McVeigh, V Moiseenkova-Bell, D I Yule, J Garcia-Sancho, S Patel, M T Alonso

{"title":"Direct measurements of luminal Ca 2+ with endo-lysosomal GFP-aequorin reveal functional IP 3 receptors.","authors":"B Calvo, P Torres-Vidal, A Delrio-Lorenzo, C Rodriguez, F J Aulestia, J Rojo-Ruiz, B M McVeigh, V Moiseenkova-Bell, D I Yule, J Garcia-Sancho, S Patel, M T Alonso","doi":"10.1101/2023.07.11.547422","DOIUrl":"10.1101/2023.07.11.547422","url":null,"abstract":"Endo-lysosomes are considered acidic Ca 2+ stores but direct measurements of luminal Ca 2+ within them are limited. Here we report that the Ca 2+ -sensitive luminescent protein aequorin does not reconstitute with its cofactor at highly acidic pH but that a significant fraction of the probe is functional within a mildly acidic compartment when targeted to the endo-lysosomal system. We leveraged this probe (ELGA) to report Ca 2+ dynamics in this compartment. We show that Ca 2+ uptake is ATP-dependent and sensitive to blockers of endoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ pumps. We find that the Ca 2+ mobilizing messenger IP 3 which typically targets the endoplasmic reticulum evokes robust luminal responses in wild type cells, but not in IP 3 receptor knock-out cells. Responses were comparable to those evoked by activation of the endo-lysosomal ion channel TRPML1. Stimulation with IP 3 -forming agonists also mobilized the store in intact cells. Super-resolution microscopy analysis confirmed the presence of IP 3 receptors within the endo-lysosomal system, both in live and fixed cells. Our data reveal a physiologically-relevant, IP 3 -sensitive store of Ca 2+ within the endo-lysosomal system.","PeriodicalId":46771,"journal":{"name":"International Theory","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11360962/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79066100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Law and politics from the sea 来自海洋的法律与政治

IF 3.3 1区社会学

International Theory Pub Date : 2023-12-13 DOI: 10.1017/s1752971923000192

Itamar Mann

{"title":"Law and politics from the sea","authors":"Itamar Mann","doi":"10.1017/s1752971923000192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1752971923000192","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Recent scholarship in law and society has engaged in novel ways with maritime spaces, articulating how they inform legal theory more broadly. This essay builds on such scholarship, and on a broad-brushed survey of maritime history, to make two basic arguments. First, a look at political and legal processes regarding maritime spaces reveals that law is transnational ‘all the way down’. Legal theorists often assume that transnational legal processes are an added layer beyond domestic and international law. But the maritime perspective reveals that transnationalism comes first, both analytically and historically, as a constant negotiation of the relationship between what is ‘inside’ and what is ‘outside’ a polity. Second, the maritime space begins, at least in dominant legal traditions, as an absolute exteriority – imagined as outside or beyond polities and jurisdictions. But with the climate crisis and the emergence of the Anthropocene we may observe an inversion, the sea now appears as a record of harmful human activity; a mirror showing a troublesome collective portrait of humanity. The inversion from a maritime exteriority to the intimacy of ubiquitous environmental harm defines the parameters of law and politics today. The essay concludes with reflections on how the maritime perspective may best be engaged today in responding to that image through political action. It conceptualizes what I call the ‘commonist lifeboat’ – a model of bottom-up universalism for tumultuous times.","PeriodicalId":46771,"journal":{"name":"International Theory","volume":"33 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139005248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

‘Getting Asia right’: de-essentializing China's hegemony in historical Asia “正确对待亚洲”:弱化中国在历史上亚洲的霸权

1区社会学

International Theory Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/s1752971923000143

Victoria Tin-bor Hui

{"title":"‘Getting Asia right’: de-essentializing China's hegemony in historical Asia","authors":"Victoria Tin-bor Hui","doi":"10.1017/s1752971923000143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1752971923000143","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract International Relations (IR) scholars have taken China's presumed hegemony in pre-modern East Asia as an ideal case to ‘undermine’ the field's Eurocentrism. If Eurocentric IR is guilty of ‘getting Asia wrong’, do students of historical Asia ‘get Asia right’? Analysts should avoid exotifying differences between the West and the East and ‘exchanging Eurocentrism for Sinocentrism’. This article tries to ‘get Asia [more] right’ by ‘disaggregating’ and then ‘reassembling’ taken-for-granted concepts by time, space, and relationality. When ‘Confucianism’ is understood to justify both war and peace in competition with other thoughts, it does not dictate peace among East Asian states or conflicts across the Confucian–nomadic divide. When ‘China’ is unpacked, it does not sit on top of an Asian hierarchy. When Korea's, Vietnam's, and Japan's views of their relations with China are examined rather than presumed, cultural legitimacy is thinned out. When ‘Asia’ is broadened to cover webs of relations beyond East Asia to Central Asia, Confucianism recedes in centrality and pan-Asian phenomena including Buddhism and the steppe tradition come to the fore. The article concludes that a better challenge to Eurocentrism is not to search for cultural differences but to locate Eurasian similarities that erase European superiority.","PeriodicalId":46771,"journal":{"name":"International Theory","volume":"117 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135565591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The United Nations of IR: power, knowledge, and empire in Global IR debates 国际关系的联合国:全球国际关系辩论中的权力、知识和帝国

1区社会学

International Theory Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/s1752971923000167

Tarak Barkawi, Christopher Murray, Ayşe Zarakol

引用次数: 0

Three visions of the global: global international relations, global history, global historical sociology 三种全球视野:全球国际关系、全球历史、全球历史社会学

1区社会学

International Theory Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/s1752971923000179

Michael Barnett, George Lawson

{"title":"Three visions of the global: global international relations, global history, global historical sociology","authors":"Michael Barnett, George Lawson","doi":"10.1017/s1752971923000179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1752971923000179","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Global international relations (IR) generates space for theoretical expressions drawn from outside the experiences of the modern West. Alongside these demands for theoretical pluralism can be found a concern for widening IR's historical frames of reference. Yet, to date, the relationship between global IR and history is the least developed part of the project's agenda. This article suggests two ways in which this relationship can be strengthened. One draws from global history, shows how transboundary connections and relational dynamics forge the units used by advocates of global IR in their analysis: West and non-West, core and periphery, metropole and colony. The other draws from global historical sociology as it advances the role of power asymmetries for understanding the patterns and entanglements in transboundary connections. Connecting global IR to global history and global historical sociology can help produce a fuller understanding of the interactive connections and asymmetrical entanglements between peoples, places, ideas, and institutions that drive historical development. We illustrate this potential through a brief analysis of the rise of the West. This, in turn, demonstrates the ways in which three visions of the global – global IR, global history, and global historical sociology – can be mutually beneficial.","PeriodicalId":46771,"journal":{"name":"International Theory","volume":"114 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135565596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Global international relations and the essentialism trap 全球国际关系与本质主义陷阱

1区社会学

International Theory Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/s1752971923000131

Michael Barnett, Ayşe Zarakol

引用次数: 1

Response section 响应部分

1区社会学

International Theory Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/s1752971923000155

Zeynep Gülşah Çapan, Manjeet S. Pardesi, Musab Younis

引用次数: 0

Global at birth: a relational sociology of disciplinary knowledge in IR and the case of India 诞生时的全球:国际关系学科知识的关系社会学与印度案例

1区社会学

International Theory Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/s1752971923000180

Martin J. Bayly

{"title":"Global at birth: a relational sociology of disciplinary knowledge in IR and the case of India","authors":"Martin J. Bayly","doi":"10.1017/s1752971923000180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1752971923000180","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Advocates of global international relations (IR) present IR as a Eurocentric discipline that should now diversify its theoretical and empirical focus to the non-west. This paper turns this argument on its head, arguing that IR was ‘global at birth’. Concentrating in particular on the implications that global IR debate has for our understanding of the historical development of disciplinary knowledge, the article argues that both conventional and critical stances within this debate tend to express a substantialist conception of knowledge formations, one which encourages diffusionist ideas of the spread of knowledge from an origin to a destination, and essentialist representations of specific geographies of knowledge. In order to address this, the paper proposes a relational sociology of disciplinary knowledge that offers a more historically grounded understanding of the ongoing, provisional, connected, and configurational nature of knowledge construction, without losing sight of the hierarchies that inflect this. The article applies this framework to archival work on the intellectual history of international thought in India, offering an approach that allows a global account of the development of disciplinary IR that operates within and beyond imperial frames, encompassing the entangled histories of colonial, anti-colonial, and postcolonial lineages of what became known as ‘International Relations’ in the 20 th century.","PeriodicalId":46771,"journal":{"name":"International Theory","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135566091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Property and international relations: lessons from Locke on anarchy and sovereignty 财产与国际关系:洛克关于无政府状态与主权的教训

1区社会学

International Theory Pub Date : 2023-09-12 DOI: 10.1017/s175297192300012x

Nancy Bertoldi

{"title":"Property and international relations: lessons from Locke on anarchy and sovereignty","authors":"Nancy Bertoldi","doi":"10.1017/s175297192300012x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s175297192300012x","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Property has a ubiquitous presence in international practice, but its implications for theorizing world order are not adequately explored. I remedy this by showing how property constitutes the core concepts of anarchy and sovereignty in international relations (IR) as overlapping spaces of right-based governance. I develop my account of a property-based world order in relation to the work of John Locke. Locke is generally overlooked as a core IR thinker, with the unfortunate consequence that anarchy and sovereignty are conceptualized as polar opposites under the enduring shadow of Hobbes. Even prominent critics of Hobbesian anarchy rely on Hobbesian notions of sovereignty, resulting in minimalist conceptions of international society and international ethics. To counter these Hobbesian legacies, I turn to Locke's limited, plural, and fluid accounts of anarchy and sovereignty and show how they are grounded in a normative notion of property that mutually constitutes them. This provides an alternative to the Hobbesian absolutist conceptions of anarchy and sovereignty that many IR theorists still operate with. The result is a distinctly normative vision for IR that condemns the twin evils of conquest and tyranny.","PeriodicalId":46771,"journal":{"name":"International Theory","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135878400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rethinking ‘middle powers’ as a category of practice: stratification, ambiguity, and power 重新思考作为实践范畴的“中等强国”:分层、模糊性和权力

IF 3.3 1区社会学

International Theory Pub Date : 2023-08-03 DOI: 10.1017/s1752971923000118

John de Bhal

{"title":"Rethinking ‘middle powers’ as a category of practice: stratification, ambiguity, and power","authors":"John de Bhal","doi":"10.1017/s1752971923000118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1752971923000118","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Scholars have attempted to theorise the social structure of the international system from the perspective of the ‘middle powers’ for decades. However, scholars have struggled to agree on the essential dispositional characteristics of this category of actors, stunting theoretical progress. Drawing on sociological and literary approaches to the rhetoric of the ‘middle class’ in domestic societies, this article shifts the terms of this debate away from asking who the ‘middle powers’ are or what their ‘essence’ is, to ask what actors do with the term in practice. Combining this with and contributing to scholarship on hierarchy in international relations, I recast ‘middle powers’ as a category of practice and argue that one of the term's main uses is to differentiate certain status-anxious states – that hold no real prospect of achieving great power status – from ‘small states’ that occupy the lowest stratum of stratification within the ‘grading of powers’. Following an illustrative case study of Australian and Canadian attempts to establish the ‘middle power’ category in the 1940s, the article then outlines the contributions of the argument for the study of status and hierarchy in world politics.","PeriodicalId":46771,"journal":{"name":"International Theory","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46533761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1