Journal of British Studies最新文献_第4页

“Lavender for Lads”: Smell and Nationalism in the Great War "小伙子们的薰衣草"：大战中的气味与民族主义

IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2024-01-09 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2023.8

Jessica P. Clark

{"title":"“Lavender for Lads”: Smell and Nationalism in the Great War","authors":"Jessica P. Clark","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2023.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2023.8","url":null,"abstract":"In the Great War, home front schemes in support of wartime causes included the making and transportation of what were called smellies: homemade tokens and commercial gifts that invoked supposedly traditional British scents. For volunteers, this entailed the collection and distribution of homemade lavender and verbena bags as an allegedly effective—and practical—means of aiding those injured at the front. For others, like commercial perfumers, this meant the production of scented commodities like lavender water and eau de Cologne for transport to troops overseas. In both cases, supporters mobilized the symbolic power of perfumed items to promote a fictitious version of rural, white, English life that could allegedly be resumed after the conflict. These campaigns obscured the social, racial, gendered, and material realities of war. What resulted was a profoundly limited definition of British smells and, by extension, their idealized British recipients: white, English-born servicemen from across classes. While perfumed gifts were designed to comfort these select recipients and bring a sense of order to the front, accounts of gifts’ production and reception ultimately reveal fractures—and failures—in the deployment of national smells to order the disordered smellscapes of war.","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139407349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Winston Churchill versus E. D. Morel, Dundee, 1922, and the Split in the Liberal Party 温斯顿-丘吉尔对 E. D. 莫雷尔，邓迪，1922 年，以及自由党的分裂

IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2023.71

Jim Tomlinson

{"title":"Winston Churchill versus E. D. Morel, Dundee, 1922, and the Split in the Liberal Party","authors":"Jim Tomlinson","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2023.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2023.71","url":null,"abstract":"In the November 1922 general election in the two-member seat of Dundee, Winston Churchill, Liberal member of Parliament for the city since 1908, lost his seat to Edwin Scrymgeour (Prohibitionist) and E. D. Morel (Labour). Before 1914, Morel, like Churchill, had been a member of the Liberal Party, and this article compares the political trajectory of Churchill and Morel across the war period in order to understand how their positions had diverged. While still a Liberal in party affiliation in 1922, Churchill was en route back to the Conservative Party, while Morel had become a prominent figure in the Labour Party. In examining this divergence, the aim is to shed light on one of the key issues of British politics in early twentieth-century Britain: the divisions in the Liberal party that undermined its place as one of the two leading political parties. The purpose is not to displace arguments about long-run socioeconomic change undermining the Liberals, nor of the severe impact of total war on Liberal thinking about the scope of state action; rather, it is to use this example to also stress the significance for the party of sharp divergences over war and peace, and more broadly, the conduct of foreign policy.","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138582913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From Rejection to Reconciliation: Protestantism and the Image in Early Modern England 从拒绝到和解:新教与近代早期英国的形象

IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2023-12-04 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2023.69

Tara Hamling, Jonathan Willis

{"title":"From Rejection to Reconciliation: Protestantism and the Image in Early Modern England","authors":"Tara Hamling, Jonathan Willis","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2023.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2023.69","url":null,"abstract":"The idea that Protestantism in post-Reformation England was inherently hostile to the visual arts has a long history and has become embedded across an interdisciplinary scholarship and within popular consciousness. While more recent historiography addresses numerous exceptions to this prevailing trend, this article provides a new assessment of how English Protestantism in a more positive mood not only came to terms with the image but actively embraced it. In identifying patterns of thinking within a wide body of contemporary comment, we offer a chart in the mode of early modern figurative diagrams to emphasize the diverse criteria that Protestants weighed when considering whether an image was suitable for its intended purpose, from the circumstances of its making and using through audience response to location, medium, subject matter, and patron. In doing so, we stress the importance of historicizing the sense of the terms civil and religious use, which do not map neatly onto a modern reading of secular and sacred spaces. We further illustrate how the criteria of the model operated in practice, through detailed analysis of two extant artworks commissioned by committed Protestants, highlighting keen engagement with pictorial art in theory and in practice. The shift in emphasis from rejection to reconciliation captures the spirit of English Protestantism's negotiation and rapprochement with the image over the period ca. 1560–ca. 1640.","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":" 48","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138481101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Readers, Writers, and Riots: Race, Print Culture, and the Public in Liverpool 8 in the Early 1980s 《读者、作家和暴乱:种族、印刷文化和八十年代初利物浦的公众》

IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2023.105

Jack Webb

{"title":"Readers, Writers, and Riots: Race, Print Culture, and the Public in Liverpool 8 in the Early 1980s","authors":"Jack Webb","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2023.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2023.105","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes the print culture of the Black and multiethnic community known as L8 in the northern British city of Liverpool. Through a critique of printed materials, including newsletters, magazines, and pamphlets all written, produced and read within the locale, the author assesses the construction of a community that was at once imagined and lived. This print infrastructure facilitated a collective sense of L8 as a marker of identity and belonging in a city and a nation that otherwise often harbored racialized hostility to the residents’ economic and political interests. Such a commitment to the locale, the author asserts, became a key factor in organizing the collective action taken by the residents in the 1981 Toxteth protests. Before and after that event, the neighborhood's print culture served to justify to residents the reasons for taking violent action against the state. Equally, this source material highlights the fissures and divergences between neighbors in their deliberations over the definitions—and limitations—of such a community and its relation to the nation. The author thus offers new ways to think about Black British protest in close relation to the specific political and social dynamics of neighborhoods across Britain.","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"28 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138293484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gambling and Elizabethan Gentlemen 赌博和伊丽莎白时代的绅士

IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2023.70

Patrick Seymour Ball

{"title":"Gambling and Elizabethan Gentlemen","authors":"Patrick Seymour Ball","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2023.70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2023.70","url":null,"abstract":"Before the mid-seventeenth century when a developing understanding of probability transformed gambling, English gaming took place in the community rather than in dedicated institutions like casinos and so represented and interacted with more general social behavior. Different communities gambled differently; they had different status under the law. This article considers gentlemen's gambling, arguing that in the absence of other constraints, notions of honor had a key role in shaping that activity. Contemporary accounts such as Sir John Harington's “Treatise on Playe” suggest that high-stakes wagering fell into the anthropological category of deep play, whereby gamesters staked excessive sums to win renown for their daring; secondly, it appears that such behavior was seen as a young man's activity, with older men condemning immoderate wagering as their ideas about what was honorable shifted as they matured and became integrated into the community. In addition to age-related changes of attitude to gambling, a tension existed between Elizabethan ideals of gentlemen's gambling behaviors and individual gamesters’ real circumstances. Some had limited money for wagering, others little time; youths from gentle families were sometimes indentured as apprentices or otherwise in situations that altered their relationships to time, money, and regulation. Consequently, even within this single sector of Elizabethan society, attitudes to gambling acquired a high level of complexity.","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"31 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91398516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Landscapes of Hope and Crisis: Dereliction, Environment, and Leisure in Britain during the Long 1970s 希望与危机的景观:漫长的1970年代英国的弃置、环境与休闲

IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2023.7

Otto Saumarez Smith

引用次数: 0

The Politics of Polemic: John Ponet's Short Treatise of Politic Power and Contemporary Circumstance 1553-1556 政治学：约翰·波内的《政治权力与当代环境论》1553-1556

IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2023-11-07 DOI: 10.1017/s0021937100590054

Barbara Peardon

{"title":"The Politics of Polemic: John Ponet's Short Treatise of Politic Power and Contemporary Circumstance 1553-1556","authors":"Barbara Peardon","doi":"10.1017/s0021937100590054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021937100590054","url":null,"abstract":"In her biographical note on John Ponet, C. H. Garrett observed that although there was “little good” to be said of him as a man, as a political pamphleteer Ponet had attracted less attention than was his due. Although W. S. Hudson and W. Gordon Zeeveld have remedied this deficiency to a considerable extent, the precise connections between Ponet's Short Treatise of Politic Power and the contemporary situation in England have not been delineated. Much of the strength of this work lies in the fact that it was written as a direct response to events in England and on the Continent. In particular, Ponet's theories regarding the natural rights of subjects stemmed from efforts by the crown in 1555 to remove the right of ownership of private property from those it regarded as delinquents: the Protestant exiles. Ponet elevated the possession of property by private individuals to the status of a right. He went on to examine the basis of regal power and its practical limits and, in arguing the legitimacy of resistance to an unjust ruler, postulated a commonwealth in which a substantial measure of power rested with “the people”.","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"53 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71516932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emancipation to Indenture: A Question of Imperial Morality 解放契约：一个帝国道德问题

IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2023-11-07 DOI: 10.1017/s0021937100590182

William A. Green

引用次数: 0

William Pitt, Taxation, and the Needs of War 威廉·皮特：税收与战争的需要

IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2023-11-07 DOI: 10.1017/s002193710059008x

Richard Cooper

引用次数: 0

Concepts of Political Obedience in Late Tudor England: Conflicting Perspectives 英国都铎后期的政治服从观：相互冲突的视角

IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2023-11-07 DOI: 10.1017/s0021937100590042

Richard L. Greaves

{"title":"Concepts of Political Obedience in Late Tudor England: Conflicting Perspectives","authors":"Richard L. Greaves","doi":"10.1017/s0021937100590042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021937100590042","url":null,"abstract":"Primarily because of the Reformation, political obedience became an increasingly significant issue in Tudor England. The success of Henry VIII's break with Rome resulted partly because the state could use the established church to inculcate in the populace the notion of loyalty to the civil government as a Christian duty. Despite the vacillations of Henrician ecclesiastical policy and the more radical reforming spirit of the Edwardian years, Protestant views on political obedience remained fundamentally stable. The accession of Mary, however, created a critical dilemma for men who had been stressing the duty of obedience to one's ruler. Exile was only a partial solution, though among the exiles a handful of leaders worked out a theory of tyrannicide. Of those who took this course, John Knox in particular confused the issue by simultaneously raising the thorny problem of gynecocracy. Written while Mary Tudor was queen, The First Blast of the Trumpet Against the Monstrous Regiment of Women appeared after Elizabeth's accession, when it was an embarrassment to Protestants. It was left, then, to the Elizabethans to rethink the entire question of political obedience.","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"45 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71517572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0