Journal of British Studies最新文献

One British Archive: Family Histories at Shulbrede Priory 一个英国档案馆舒尔布雷德修道院的家族史

IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2024.176

Thomas J. Sojka

引用次数: 0

“One Certain Standard”: Colonial Currencies and the Politics of Economic Knowledge in Late Stuart Britain "一个确定的标准"：斯图亚特晚期英国的殖民货币与经济知识政治

IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2024.119

Mara Caden

{"title":"“One Certain Standard”: Colonial Currencies and the Politics of Economic Knowledge in Late Stuart Britain","authors":"Mara Caden","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2024.119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2024.119","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic coin shortages plagued Ireland and Britain's American colonies throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Despite complaints, every proposal to mint money in early modern Britain's overseas Atlantic empire failed, whether in Ireland, the Caribbean, or North America. This article explains why. Although the rulers in the court and Parliament were sometimes enthusiastic about colonial mints, the Officers of the Royal Mint exercised enduring influence and managed to obstruct each of these projects. The evolution of the Mint officers’ advice into a maxim of monetary uniformity allowed the doctrine of “one certain standard” to survive the ensuing decades of upheaval as it shed its visible politics. While their advice grew out of the particular politics of the early Restoration, it gained special power and durability when it took on the character of technocratic expertise. Still, an investigation of the same actors’ treatment of a parallel issue—the rates of the foreign coins that circulated in colonies—reveals that an authoritarian style had an enduring hold on imperial monetary policy. This article offers an explanation for the British Empire's peculiar monetary geography, and also demonstrates the way that seemingly apolitical technical knowledge can disguise a potent politics.","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142712515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“An Exact Union of System”: Bute's Cabinet Revolution and Imperial Reform, 1762–63 "制度的精确结合"：布特的内阁革命与帝国改革，1762-63 年

IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2024.117

Robert Paulett

{"title":"“An Exact Union of System”: Bute's Cabinet Revolution and Imperial Reform, 1762–63","authors":"Robert Paulett","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2024.117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2024.117","url":null,"abstract":"In his brief ministerial career, John Stuart, third Earl of Bute, undertook a project to remake how the king's ministers would perform. Eschewing the personal power accorded to ministers like William Pitt and the Duke of Newcastle under George II, Bute and the young King George III attempted to reform the cabinet into a place of debate, unity, and resolution where administration was shared by all ministers equally. In this they were following the moral and aesthetic sensibilities of the age into a new form of political arrangements, adapting the 1688 settlement into a structure capable of administering territorial empire so long as one did not look too closely at issues of sovereignty or representation. The seemingly small and inconsistently applied shift nonetheless had enormous consequences as it shaped the hemisphere-defining policies of Bute's ministry: the Treaty of Paris of 1763 and the Royal Proclamation of 1763 that followed close on its heels. While historical accounts of Britain's 1763–83 imperial crisis tend to focus on the revenue schemes of 1764–65 as the primary origin point for conflict, Bute's “cabinet revolution” played a larger role than has generally been acknowledged in setting the stage for grander visions of imperial power and the larger protests over that power.","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"188 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142712514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shipping the Color Line: Migration and Transport Policy in the British Empire, 1943–51 运输肤色线：大英帝国的移民和运输政策，1943-51 年

IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2024.118

Freddy Foks

{"title":"Shipping the Color Line: Migration and Transport Policy in the British Empire, 1943–51","authors":"Freddy Foks","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2024.118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2024.118","url":null,"abstract":"This article looks again at the history of British migration policy in the 1940s and 1950s by centering international and imperial politics, and by drawing on archives related to shipping. These sources suggest that the British government sought to reactivate a system of race-segregated mobility across the Empire-Commonwealth after the Second World War. This involved subsidizing fares for emigrants bound for Australia, transporting migrants from Europe to the UK, and withdrawing shipping from routes that connected the Caribbean to the UK. Very soon, however, these policies came under strain. There were not enough deep-sea ships to meet demand for berths to Australia or to bring over recruited European migrants. Then the Australian government found new ways to ship migrants from continental Europe by signing a deal with the International Refugee Organization, challenging UK policy to keep Australian immigration British. Meanwhile, new routes were opened up from the Caribbean and South Asia to the UK. These trends raised a host of dilemmas for policymakers and all related to transport infrastructure. Thinking about transport can deepen our understanding of migration history, and the article's conclusion suggests some of the ways that taking such an approach can contribute to existing explanations for the government's fateful decision to amend the UK's nationality and citizenship legislation during the 1960s.","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"254 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142684527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“A Place of Refuge to Republicans and Royalists”: The French Revolution in British Dominica "共和党人和保皇党人的避难所"：英属多米尼克的法国大革命

IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2024.87

Heather Freund

{"title":"“A Place of Refuge to Republicans and Royalists”: The French Revolution in British Dominica","authors":"Heather Freund","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2024.87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2024.87","url":null,"abstract":"During the French Revolution, thousands of revolutionaries and royalists fled the turmoil in French islands. Many went to nearby islands, from which they could observe events. Situated between Martinique and Guadeloupe, Dominica had a majority French population and a long history of connection with its French neighbors. This article uses the case of Dominica to explore the effects of the French Revolution on a non-French island in the Eastern Caribbean. From the start, its proximity to the French islands led to its entanglement in revolutionary politics. It was the first British island to receive refugees, and the influx of people of all racial, social, and political backgrounds into Dominica posed challenges for island officials. Officials had to determine on what terms to admit emigrants, whether they posed a threat to the colony, and how to feed and house them. They also worried about the influences of foreigners and revolutionary ideas on their own disaffected free and enslaved populations. This article argues that Dominica's location, heterogeneous population, and internal instability allowed it to become a node for regional migration and information networks that embroiled it in the turmoil that engulfed its neighbors and ultimately threatened British control of the island.","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142598293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Politics of Outrage: Violence, Policing, and the Archive in Colonial Ireland 愤怒的政治：殖民时期爱尔兰的暴力、治安和档案

IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2024.115

Nicholas Sprenger

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Fire in Jamaica, 1831–32 牙买加火灾，1831-1832 年

IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2024.88

Miles Ogborn

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引用次数: 0

“A Colony to Themselves”: Scottish Highland Settler Colonialism in British North America, 1770–1804 "自己的殖民地"：苏格兰高地定居者在英属北美的殖民主义，1770-1804 年

IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2023.141

S. Karly Kehoe, Ciaran O'Neill

{"title":"“A Colony to Themselves”: Scottish Highland Settler Colonialism in British North America, 1770–1804","authors":"S. Karly Kehoe, Ciaran O'Neill","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2023.141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2023.141","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the links between anti-Catholicism in the United Kingdom and the acceleration of settler colonialism in British North America, and it does so by considering two group migrations from Catholic districts in the North West Highlands and Islands of Scotland. Occurring over 30 years apart, the Glenaladale settlement (1772) in Prince Edward Island and the Glengarry settlement (1803) in Upper Canada offer instructive insight into how anti-Catholicism activated Highland Catholic colonial agency. Not only did significant numbers of Highland Catholics choose to quit Scotland forever, but their settlement in places like Prince Edward Island and Upper Canada accelerated the process of settler colonialism and the establishment of the Catholic Church. The colonies at Glengarry and Glenaladale were peopled by settlers who were doubly motivated to settle in the empire. They stood to prosper economically—certainly—and they also stood to gain the freedom to practice their faith free of obvious interference. To the Indigenous peoples whose ancestral lands they settled, the consequences were not softened by this pretext for settler colonization, and too often the history of anti-Catholic discrimination in the four nations elide the fact that Catholics were enthusiastic colonizers elsewhere, and that the two processes were often related.","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"296 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142158727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Making and Unmaking of a Presidency: Envisioning Empire in British Bencoolen, 1685–1825 一个总统职位的诞生与解体：1685-1825 年英国本库伦的帝国构想

IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2023.142

Tiraana Bains

{"title":"The Making and Unmaking of a Presidency: Envisioning Empire in British Bencoolen, 1685–1825","authors":"Tiraana Bains","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2023.142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2023.142","url":null,"abstract":"The English, and later British, settlement of Bencoolen was first established in 1685 and remained in British hands, barring French wartime occupation, until 1825, when it was handed over to the Dutch in a territorial exchange. Bencoolen was even elevated to the status of a Presidency in the second half of the eighteenth century. Why did the English East India Company and British officials maintain a presence in Bencoolen for so long? This article makes the case that multiple, overlapping visions of commercial and agrarian transformation, including projects focused on pepper and sugar cultivation, sustained British efforts to govern and maintain Bencoolen as part of a larger, trans-oceanic network of territories. Such visions of Bencoolen's economic and imperial potential evolved in sync with equally persistent concerns about Bencoolen's failure to become a thriving settlement. Yet even amid constant anxieties about producing enough pepper, maintaining a sizeable population, and generating sufficient revenue, numerous British imperial agents located in London and Calcutta as well as Sumatra argued over whether the settlement was likely to remain a permanent failure and how the problems that dogged it might be resolved. Thus, even in moments when Bencoolen appeared to be a failed outpost on the periphery of a growing British Empire, its success or lack thereof commanded the attention of British ministers and East India Company servants. In calling for Bencoolen's elevation, subordination, or even abolition as a settlement, Britons contributed to a wide-ranging discussion of what constituted a valuable colony and, indeed, empire.","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141235819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

One British Archive: Archives of Dissent: Complicating Anti-colonial Histories through the Watson Commission (Gold Coast/Ghana) 一个英国档案馆异议档案：通过沃森委员会复杂化反殖民历史（黄金海岸/加纳）

IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2024.60

Jennifer Hart

引用次数: 0