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“A Bold Experiment in the Technique of Administration”: Nutrition Science and Development in the Gambia, 1946–50 “管理技术的大胆实验”:1946 - 1950年冈比亚的营养科学与发展
IF 1 1区 历史学
Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2025-07-16 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2025.32
Arnaud Page
{"title":"“A Bold Experiment in the Technique of Administration”: Nutrition Science and Development in the Gambia, 1946–50","authors":"Arnaud Page","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2025.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2025.32","url":null,"abstract":"Historians of colonial and postcolonial attempts to deal with undernutrition in Africa have generally argued that, after the Second World War, scientists and doctors “medicalized” hunger by emphasizing specific deficiencies that could be medically “cured” or alleviated through dietary supplements, thereby covering up the economic, social, and political causes of (post)colonial hunger. This article argues that this explanation obscures the persistence of a more holistic approach immediately after the Second World War, which rejected this narrow vision of hunger and, on the contrary, framed it as a very broad problem requiring interdisciplinary research and ambitious economic and social solutions. It focuses in particular on the work of British nutrition specialist B. S. Platt and his “experiment” in The Gambia that was meant to devise a replicable recipe to cure colonial malnutrition through mechanization and agricultural development. Like many other such colonial projects, the project ended in dismal failure, but it illustrates how malnutrition was understood at the end of the war as a broad economic and social problem. It also shows how this more holistic approach was tightly associated with the postwar project of colonial “development” and was predicated on an ambition to thoroughly re-engineer colonial landscapes and subjects.","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144639673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
In Search of Ned: A Zulu Man in Mid-Victorian Britain 寻找内德:维多利亚时代中期英国的一个祖鲁人
IF 1 1区 历史学
Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2025-07-16 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2025.33
R. J. Knight, Esme Cleall
{"title":"In Search of Ned: A Zulu Man in Mid-Victorian Britain","authors":"R. J. Knight, Esme Cleall","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2025.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2025.33","url":null,"abstract":"This article takes a micro-history approach, focusing on the life of a man identified only in the British records as “Ned” in order to illuminate the complexity and slipperiness of categories of “race.” Ned had lived in the Zulu Kingdom and, after fleeing a civil war there, became employed in Natal by an English colonist-settler, Thomas Handley. Ned traveled with the Handley family to England in 1859, and during this time, unexpectedly “disappeared” from the Handley's residence near Sheffield. A manhunt ensued and, as locals ruminated on Ned's possible status as a “slave,” the case attracted the interest of the British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society. Ned was eventually taken to London and housed in the Strangers’ Home for Asiatics, Africans and South Sea Islanders before his tragic death a few months later. His repeated escapes transfixed the public and resulted in detailed press coverage. Numerous parties became interested in his case, and complex and changing processes of racialization were key to the shifting ways in which he was represented. In this article, we both search for Ned's agency and volition, and demonstrate how the case also speaks to major issues in British history, including race, humanitarianism, and enslavement.","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144639666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Buying People Is Wrong 收买人是错误的
IF 1 1区 历史学
Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2025-07-16 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2025.12
Carolyn Steedman
{"title":"Buying People Is Wrong","authors":"Carolyn Steedman","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2025.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2025.12","url":null,"abstract":"In 1805, during a lull in hostilities between England and France, minor Warwickshire landowner and slaveholder Bertie Greatheed was on a European tour with his family when his son died, leaving behind an illegitimate child. Greatheed acquired his granddaughter from her Dresden-based mother and brought the child up as his own. This article revisits Steedman's earlier scholarship on Greatheed, which focused on questions of domestic service, through the lens of slavery. It uses the seventeen volumes of his diary-writing compiled between 1805 and 1825 to explore the connections between Greatheed's ownership of enslaved people on his St. Kitts estate and his possession and nurturing of his grandchild. It considers the contradiction between Greatheed's position as an abolitionist and his profit from slavery and slave ownership, which he used not only to sustain a way of life, but also to develop Leamington, Warwickshire, into a spa town and pleasure resort.","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"280 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144639681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
One British Archive: The Medieval Londoners Database 一个英国档案:中世纪伦敦人数据库
IF 1 1区 历史学
Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2025-07-16 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2025.36
Maryanne Kowaleski
{"title":"One British Archive: The Medieval Londoners Database","authors":"Maryanne Kowaleski","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2025.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2025.36","url":null,"abstract":"This article introduces the scope, content, and capabilities of a new born-digital archive. The Medieval Londoners Database (MLD) uses an online platform to collect from and connect to both documents (printed and archival) and digitized resources (such as British History Online and the History of Parliament Online). As a digital prosopography, MLD is a freely available resource that offers sophisticated search options to discover more about the lives of both the civic elite and ordinary individuals who resided in the city of London or its suburbs of Southwark and Westminster between <jats:italic>ca.</jats:italic> 1100 and 1520. MLD exemplifies how digitization and the semantic web enhance historical research by creating super-powered archival collections that are ever-expanding, accessible via multiple entry points, and able to facilitate highly analytical research.","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144639684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
One British Archive: ExtraORDINARY Women at Belfast’s Linen Hall Library 英国档案馆:贝尔法斯特亚麻布馆图书馆的杰出女性
IF 1 1区 历史学
Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2025-07-16 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2025.37
Bruce Wade Hodell
{"title":"One British Archive: ExtraORDINARY Women at Belfast’s Linen Hall Library","authors":"Bruce Wade Hodell","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2025.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2025.37","url":null,"abstract":"Three decades after the Good Friday Agreement, repositories such as the Linen Hall Library in Belfast have built collections that explore the impact of sectarian violence and the path to peace. While the Northern Ireland Political Collection is a must for any scholar of The Troubles, the library is also filled with resources for British scholars in a number of areas. One such innovative resource – the ExtraORDINARY Women collection – helps scholars answer questions of how gender history interacts with contemporary and local political history. The collection documents the history of a range of women's political and civil rights in holdings that range from 1965 to the present.","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144639674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ruins of War into Memorials of Reconciliation: Coventry Cathedral and the Dresden Frauenkirche, 1940–2010 从战争废墟到和解纪念碑:考文垂大教堂和德累斯顿圣母教堂,1940-2010
IF 1 1区 历史学
Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2025.6
Stefan Goebel
{"title":"Ruins of War into Memorials of Reconciliation: Coventry Cathedral and the Dresden Frauenkirche, 1940–2010","authors":"Stefan Goebel","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2025.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2025.6","url":null,"abstract":"Coventry Cathedral and the Dresden Frauenkirche, both destroyed in the Second World War, are often mentioned in the same breath, treated as architectural, commemorative, and religious equivalents. Nothing could be further from the truth. While the ruins of Coventry Cathedral were transformed into a site of—and memorial to—postwar reconciliation, the Frauenkirche was neither a revered shrine nor an unintentional monument, but simply a gutted structure suspended in limbo for some forty years. It was only in the course of the 1980s, and especially in the aftermath of German reunification, that the Frauenkirche ruins became invested with specific meaning. Support from Britain and, above all, Coventry, was crucial in this process. Methodologically, the article fuses memory studies with church/architectural history and comparative/transnational research.","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144113646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Scholarly Business of Corporations and Slavery: Political Fault Lines of the Economic History of Empire 公司与奴隶制的学术交易:帝国经济史的政治断层线
IF 1 1区 历史学
Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2025-05-15 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2025.4
Priya Satia
{"title":"The Scholarly Business of Corporations and Slavery: Political Fault Lines of the Economic History of Empire","authors":"Priya Satia","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2025.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2025.4","url":null,"abstract":"Historians of capitalism have put monopoly corporations and slavery at the heart of the history of a political-economic system long mythologized as founded on free markets. Liberal political economic theory, presupposing and demanding a private economic realm free from state intervention that would drive world-historical progress, was partly a reaction to the long sway of corporations that collapsed distinctions between private and public. The categories of liberal social-scientific thought have now come to so thoroughly structure historical writing aimed at wider audiences that scholarly review isn't sufficient guard against its accidental and artificial separation of public and private in a manner reinforcing liberal myths about historical evolution. This essay shows how writerly habits that posit untenable distinctions between state and private actors, that invoke models of development invented in the colonial era, and that neglect critiques by minoritized scholars, extend myths about British imperialism and industrialism's fundamentally developmental (rather than exploitative and extractive) role and imperialism's economic benefit to only a narrow sector of British society. These theoretical and historiographical assumptions expand the space for politically motivated challenges to well-established knowledge that Britain prospered economically from empire and slavery. This essay places Philip Stern's <jats:italic>Empire, Incorporated</jats:italic> and Maxine Berg and Pat Hudson's <jats:italic>Slavery, Capitalism and the Industrial Revolution</jats:italic> in conversation with work by scholars (often from formerly colonized regions) who have more decisively diagnosed Britain's debts to the imperial past, to illustrate how the framing of these books eases the downplaying of the economic effects of imperialism and slavery in debates about Britain's past.<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143979597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“Paper Oathes”: Trust, Treaty, and the Road to Regicide in England, 1642–49 “纸上的誓言”:信任、条约与英格兰弑君之路,1642 - 1649
IF 1 1区 历史学
Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2025-04-10 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2025.7
William White
{"title":"“Paper Oathes”: Trust, Treaty, and the Road to Regicide in England, 1642–49","authors":"William White","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2025.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2025.7","url":null,"abstract":"This article revisits and attempts to explain the failure of settlement in England between the outbreak of civil war in late 1642 and the execution of Charles I in January 1649. It argues that doubts about the process—and not just the proposed terms—of settlement worked against the possibility of an accommodation in the 1640s. An influential parliamentarian faction regarded negotiated treaties as inherently problematic instruments of peacemaking, which were unable to provide adequate security against the possibility of future abrogation and vengeance on the part of the king. While widespread anxieties about royal dissimulation were partly a product of the “statist” paradigms of political analysis that had become firmly established across Europe by the mid-seventeenth century, specific events in England during the 1640s served to reinforce and accentuate them. Moreover, as the decade progressed there was an increasing tendency to see duplicity, dissimulation, and vengefulness as inseparable features of monarchy, and thus a negotiated peace between prince and people after civil war as an impossibility. Ultimately, these concerns formed an integral, if often overlooked, justification for the regicide.","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"74 1","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143818957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Death of Colin Roach and the Politics of Grief and Anger in Late Twentieth-Century Britain 柯林·罗奇之死与20世纪末英国的悲愤政治
IF 1 1区 历史学
Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2025.5
Stephen Brooke
{"title":"The Death of Colin Roach and the Politics of Grief and Anger in Late Twentieth-Century Britain","authors":"Stephen Brooke","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2025.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2025.5","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the death of Colin Roach in Stoke Newington Police Station, Hackney, in 1983, and explores the emotional politics of the campaigns that followed his death. These campaigns were focused on both determining the circumstances of Roach's death and highlighting tensions between the police and the Black community of Hackney. Using hitherto unpublished archival sources, local newspapers, and visual sources, the article documents racial politics in Hackney in the early 1980s and examines the relationship between race and policing at that time. The article argues that the experience and expression of grief and anger were critical to understanding the political problem of race and policing in London in the 1980s, to forming and mobilizing political communities, and to interrogating the power of the state. The article also argues that a critical element of the emotional economy around race in Hackney in 1983 was the indifference and lack of empathy of the police in Stoke Newington to ethnic minority communities. This lack of empathy not only illustrated the problem of race within the police force at this time but further fueled local campaigns to make the police accountable. This links the Roach case to a later turning point—the 1999 Macpherson inquiry into the murder of Stephen Lawrence, which characterized the Metropolitan Police as institutionally racist.","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"38 1","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143757896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“A Lazy Mistress Makes a Lazy Servant”: Domestic Labor and White Creole Womanhood in Jamaica, ca.1865–1938 "懒惰的女主人造就懒惰的仆人":牙买加的家务劳动和克里奥尔白人妇女,约 1865-1938 年
IF 1 1区 历史学
Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2024.184
Liz Egan
{"title":"“A Lazy Mistress Makes a Lazy Servant”: Domestic Labor and White Creole Womanhood in Jamaica, ca.1865–1938","authors":"Liz Egan","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2024.184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2024.184","url":null,"abstract":"This article traces the reproduction of whiteness in Jamaica during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries through the lens of domestic labor. Articulated in dialogue—and at times in tension—with Britain, what it meant to be white was forged through representations and practices of domestic service and household management, shaped by the legacies of slavery and the shifting colonial relationship. Anxieties about a declining white population and attempts to rejuvenate the island's image contributed to prescriptions of domestic labor management that positioned the white creole mistress as a model of respectability and colonial modernity. Black domestic servants were repeatedly presented as the mirror through which white creole womanhood was constructed, and this article argues that these representations served to consolidate class/color hierarchies that privileged whiteness into the twentieth century. Yet mapping these discourses onto the daily interactions between mistress and maid also exposes the persistent work required to secure racialized hierarchies. Through photographs, diaries, and correspondence read alongside published oral histories, the article argues that domestic servants persistently exercised agency that disrupted and spoke back to popular depictions, demonstrating the fraught reproduction of creole whiteness at the intersections of race, class, color, gender, and colonial identity.","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"23 1","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143757991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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