Journal of British Studies最新文献

Shipping the Color Line: Migration and Transport Policy in the British Empire, 1943–51 运输肤色线：大英帝国的移民和运输政策，1943-51 年

IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2024.118

Freddy Foks

{"title":"Shipping the Color Line: Migration and Transport Policy in the British Empire, 1943–51","authors":"Freddy Foks","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2024.118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2024.118","url":null,"abstract":"This article looks again at the history of British migration policy in the 1940s and 1950s by centering international and imperial politics, and by drawing on archives related to shipping. These sources suggest that the British government sought to reactivate a system of race-segregated mobility across the Empire-Commonwealth after the Second World War. This involved subsidizing fares for emigrants bound for Australia, transporting migrants from Europe to the UK, and withdrawing shipping from routes that connected the Caribbean to the UK. Very soon, however, these policies came under strain. There were not enough deep-sea ships to meet demand for berths to Australia or to bring over recruited European migrants. Then the Australian government found new ways to ship migrants from continental Europe by signing a deal with the International Refugee Organization, challenging UK policy to keep Australian immigration British. Meanwhile, new routes were opened up from the Caribbean and South Asia to the UK. These trends raised a host of dilemmas for policymakers and all related to transport infrastructure. Thinking about transport can deepen our understanding of migration history, and the article's conclusion suggests some of the ways that taking such an approach can contribute to existing explanations for the government's fateful decision to amend the UK's nationality and citizenship legislation during the 1960s.","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"254 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142684527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“A Place of Refuge to Republicans and Royalists”: The French Revolution in British Dominica "共和党人和保皇党人的避难所"：英属多米尼克的法国大革命

IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2024.87

Heather Freund

{"title":"“A Place of Refuge to Republicans and Royalists”: The French Revolution in British Dominica","authors":"Heather Freund","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2024.87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2024.87","url":null,"abstract":"During the French Revolution, thousands of revolutionaries and royalists fled the turmoil in French islands. Many went to nearby islands, from which they could observe events. Situated between Martinique and Guadeloupe, Dominica had a majority French population and a long history of connection with its French neighbors. This article uses the case of Dominica to explore the effects of the French Revolution on a non-French island in the Eastern Caribbean. From the start, its proximity to the French islands led to its entanglement in revolutionary politics. It was the first British island to receive refugees, and the influx of people of all racial, social, and political backgrounds into Dominica posed challenges for island officials. Officials had to determine on what terms to admit emigrants, whether they posed a threat to the colony, and how to feed and house them. They also worried about the influences of foreigners and revolutionary ideas on their own disaffected free and enslaved populations. This article argues that Dominica's location, heterogeneous population, and internal instability allowed it to become a node for regional migration and information networks that embroiled it in the turmoil that engulfed its neighbors and ultimately threatened British control of the island.","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142598293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Politics of Outrage: Violence, Policing, and the Archive in Colonial Ireland 愤怒的政治：殖民时期爱尔兰的暴力、治安和档案

IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2024.115

Nicholas Sprenger

引用次数: 0

Fire in Jamaica, 1831–32 牙买加火灾，1831-1832 年

IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2024.88

Miles Ogborn

{"title":"Fire in Jamaica, 1831–32","authors":"Miles Ogborn","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2024.88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2024.88","url":null,"abstract":"Fire is a material and social process that is different in different periods and places. This article examines the fires set during the largest, and last, uprising of the enslaved in Jamaica, which occurred in the island's western parishes after Christmas 1831. It argues that different sorts of fire were central to processes of production and everyday life under plantation slavery, and examines what the burnings of 1831–32 reveal about the fight against enslavement in the early nineteenth century. A close reading of the records of the trials that followed the uprising details the methods used to burn plantations; the decisions over what to burn and what to save; and the contested social and political relations involved in encouraging or extinguishing the flames. This demonstrates that fire was a material means of creative destruction for the rebels that turned the everyday practices of commodity production and coerced social reproduction against the plantation infrastructure; that destroying buildings by fire both denied and made claims on the land, and sought to remake the Jamaican landscape for other forms of inhabitation; and that the collectivities forged through fire were inevitably shaped by both shared endeavors and tensions within and between groups of plantation inhabitants facing an uncertain future. Overall, it seeks to understand the use of fire in the 1831–32 uprising to fight for freedom as part of a “politics of habitation.”","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142306341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“A Colony to Themselves”: Scottish Highland Settler Colonialism in British North America, 1770–1804 "自己的殖民地"：苏格兰高地定居者在英属北美的殖民主义，1770-1804 年

IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2023.141

S. Karly Kehoe, Ciaran O'Neill

{"title":"“A Colony to Themselves”: Scottish Highland Settler Colonialism in British North America, 1770–1804","authors":"S. Karly Kehoe, Ciaran O'Neill","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2023.141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2023.141","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the links between anti-Catholicism in the United Kingdom and the acceleration of settler colonialism in British North America, and it does so by considering two group migrations from Catholic districts in the North West Highlands and Islands of Scotland. Occurring over 30 years apart, the Glenaladale settlement (1772) in Prince Edward Island and the Glengarry settlement (1803) in Upper Canada offer instructive insight into how anti-Catholicism activated Highland Catholic colonial agency. Not only did significant numbers of Highland Catholics choose to quit Scotland forever, but their settlement in places like Prince Edward Island and Upper Canada accelerated the process of settler colonialism and the establishment of the Catholic Church. The colonies at Glengarry and Glenaladale were peopled by settlers who were doubly motivated to settle in the empire. They stood to prosper economically—certainly—and they also stood to gain the freedom to practice their faith free of obvious interference. To the Indigenous peoples whose ancestral lands they settled, the consequences were not softened by this pretext for settler colonization, and too often the history of anti-Catholic discrimination in the four nations elide the fact that Catholics were enthusiastic colonizers elsewhere, and that the two processes were often related.","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"296 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142158727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Making and Unmaking of a Presidency: Envisioning Empire in British Bencoolen, 1685–1825 一个总统职位的诞生与解体：1685-1825 年英国本库伦的帝国构想

IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2023.142

Tiraana Bains

{"title":"The Making and Unmaking of a Presidency: Envisioning Empire in British Bencoolen, 1685–1825","authors":"Tiraana Bains","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2023.142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2023.142","url":null,"abstract":"The English, and later British, settlement of Bencoolen was first established in 1685 and remained in British hands, barring French wartime occupation, until 1825, when it was handed over to the Dutch in a territorial exchange. Bencoolen was even elevated to the status of a Presidency in the second half of the eighteenth century. Why did the English East India Company and British officials maintain a presence in Bencoolen for so long? This article makes the case that multiple, overlapping visions of commercial and agrarian transformation, including projects focused on pepper and sugar cultivation, sustained British efforts to govern and maintain Bencoolen as part of a larger, trans-oceanic network of territories. Such visions of Bencoolen's economic and imperial potential evolved in sync with equally persistent concerns about Bencoolen's failure to become a thriving settlement. Yet even amid constant anxieties about producing enough pepper, maintaining a sizeable population, and generating sufficient revenue, numerous British imperial agents located in London and Calcutta as well as Sumatra argued over whether the settlement was likely to remain a permanent failure and how the problems that dogged it might be resolved. Thus, even in moments when Bencoolen appeared to be a failed outpost on the periphery of a growing British Empire, its success or lack thereof commanded the attention of British ministers and East India Company servants. In calling for Bencoolen's elevation, subordination, or even abolition as a settlement, Britons contributed to a wide-ranging discussion of what constituted a valuable colony and, indeed, empire.","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141235819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

One British Archive: Archives of Dissent: Complicating Anti-colonial Histories through the Watson Commission (Gold Coast/Ghana) 一个英国档案馆异议档案：通过沃森委员会复杂化反殖民历史（黄金海岸/加纳）

IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2024.60

Jennifer Hart

引用次数: 0

Past! Future! In Extreme!: Looking for Meaning in the “New Romantics,” 1978–82 过去！未来！在极端中！在 "新浪漫主义 "中寻找意义，1978-1982 年

IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2024.57

Matthew Worley

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British Humanitarianism, Indigenous Rights, and Imperial Crises: Assessing the Membership Base of the Aborigines’ Protection Society, 1840–73 英国人道主义、土著权利和帝国危机：评估 1840-73 年原住民保护协会的成员基础

IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2024.1

Darren Reid

{"title":"British Humanitarianism, Indigenous Rights, and Imperial Crises: Assessing the Membership Base of the Aborigines’ Protection Society, 1840–73","authors":"Darren Reid","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2024.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2024.1","url":null,"abstract":"A confluence of societal changes, particularly hardening racial attitudes following the Indian Mutiny in 1857 and the Morant Bay Rebellion in 1865, resulted in widescale disillusionment with imperial humanitarian projects in the middle decades of the nineteenth century. As this article demonstrates, however, the membership and income of the Aborigines’ Protection Society (APS) increased at precisely the moments when this disillusionment was at its sharpest. This article combines quantitative and qualitative methods to assess the nature of the Society's mid-century membership base, demonstrating that, rather than a monolithic decline, a humanitarian polarization took place in response to imperial crises that led some (largely Tories) to disillusionment and others (largely Whigs) to entrenchment. Furthermore, by attending to discursive trends within speeches at APS annual meetings as well as in private correspondence between members and the secretary of the Society, I explore how APS members explained the connection between their own lives and the treatment of distant Indigenous peoples in the colonies. Finding that British Indigenous rights activism was only seldomly expressed in terms of Indigenous peoples themselves, I show that support for the APS was most commonly related to concerns for friends and family living in the colonies, along with disquiet about the impact of colonial injustices on international competition. This enabled Indigenous rights activists to continue their efforts in the face of disillusionment with the capabilities of racialized “others.”","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"127 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140875155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Militant cynicism: Rethinking Private Eye in postwar Britain, ca. 1960–80 激进的犬儒主义反思战后英国的《私家侦探》，约 1960-80 年

IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2024.5

Tom Crook

{"title":"Militant cynicism: Rethinking Private Eye in postwar Britain, ca. 1960–80","authors":"Tom Crook","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2024.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2024.5","url":null,"abstract":"This article seeks to rethink the nature and significance of the fortnightly magazine Private Eye during its first two decades. Existing accounts have interpreted it almost exclusively through the lens of the “satire boom” (1961–63), and suggest that, in the final analysis, the magazine neither desired nor advanced any substantial critique of the political status quo. Besides neglecting its investigative facets, among other elements, these readings make the mistake of seeking to frame the significance of the magazine in conventional ideological terms. This article puts these neglected elements back into the picture and argues that the magazine is best understood as enacting a militant form of the kind of cynicism—at once outrageous and morally outraged—analyzed by Peter Sloterdijk and Michel Foucault, and other scholars in their wake. This provides a much more satisfying account of the many facets of Private Eye as these evolved during the 1960s and 1970s, including its affinities with various currents in postwar journalism and countercultural expression. Above all, it allows us to recast the politics of Private Eye as a form of moral protest that was expressed in the assumption of an intrinsically antagonistic relation toward “politics” and authority per se.","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140622904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0