Psychologica Belgica最新文献

{"title":"The Influence of Interpersonal Patterns on the Therapy Process in a Case of Childhood Trauma.","authors":"Kimberly Van Nieuwenhove, Reitske Meganck, Emma Acke, Shana Cornelis, Mattias Desmet","doi":"10.5334/pb.511","DOIUrl":"10.5334/pb.511","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research concerning the influence of core interpersonal patterns related to childhood trauma on the therapeutic process is scarce. We investigated interpersonal patterns at the start of treatment, changes in interpersonal patterns as treatment progressed, and the change process in a mixed-methods single case study of a supportive-expressive psychodynamic psychotherapy with a 33-year-old female with a history of childhood trauma. The patient showed a pervasive inability to open up towards others throughout the entire treatment, which is closely associated with others' actual or anticipated rejection, disrespect and disinterest. Excessive use of expressive interventions, which target interpersonal change, initially led to a worsening of the patient's condition. Via supportive and general interventions, symptom stabilization was achieved. The findings of this study suggest a thorough understanding of dominant interpersonal patterns is necessary to recognize their influence on the therapy process.</p>","PeriodicalId":46662,"journal":{"name":"Psychologica Belgica","volume":"60 1","pages":"362-380"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7597588/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38592426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation and Measurement Invariance of the Leuven Obsessional Intrusions Inventory in Two Different Cultures.","authors":"Fulya Ozcanli,&nbsp;Laurence Claes,&nbsp;Eva Ceulemans,&nbsp;Dirk Hermans,&nbsp;Batja Mesquita","doi":"10.5334/pb.537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/pb.537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obsessions - recurrent unwanted intrusive thoughts - are one of the two pillars of the Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Although OCD has been reported across many different cultures, research on these cultural variations is hampered by the lack of cross-culturally sound instruments to assess intrusive thoughts. The aim of the current study is to investigate the psychometric properties of the recently developed Leuven Obsessional Intrusions Instrument (LOII) in two different cultural contexts. Turkish (N = 663) and Belgian (N = 496) participants were sampled from non-clinical student populations. Results from confirmatory factor analyses yielded a shortened version of the LOII (i.e., LOII-R) with a four-factor solution - aggressive, sexual, and contamination intrusions, and 'just-right' doubts - as the best fitting model across both cultures. The model met most criteria for strong measurement invariance, and proved to be both valid and reliable. The results of this study suggest that the LOII-R is a good candidate for cross-cultural studies on obsessional intrusions.</p>","PeriodicalId":46662,"journal":{"name":"Psychologica Belgica","volume":"60 1","pages":"347-361"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7566505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38541726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body Dissatisfaction as a Mediator between Identity Formation and Eating Disorder Symptomatology in Adolescents and Emerging Adults.","authors":"Nina Palmeroni,&nbsp;Koen Luyckx,&nbsp;Margaux Verschueren,&nbsp;Laurence Claes","doi":"10.5334/pb.564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/pb.564","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Eating disorder symptomatology generally develops during adolescence and emerging adulthood. Previous research has focused on the role of identity formation or body image in the development of eating disorder symptomatology, but integrative work is lacking. For this reason, the present cross-sectional study examined the mediating role of body dissatisfaction in the relation between identity formation and eating disorder symptomatology.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The sample comprised 659 participants between 15 and 30 years old (68.9% females; M_age = 19.44; SD_age = 3.99). All participants completed self-report measures on identity (<i>Self-concept and Identity Measure)</i>, body dissatisfaction <i>(the Body Image Feelings and Attitudes subscale of the Body Investment Scale and the Body Dissatisfaction subscale of the Eating Disorder Inventory-3)</i>, and eating disorder symptomatology <i>(Eating Disorder Inventory-3)</i>. Latent variable modeling from a structural equation modeling approach was used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>First, identity formation significantly predicted eating disorder symptomatology. Additionally, indirect effects were found linking identity formation to eating disorder symptomatology through the mechanism of body dissatisfaction. No significant differences between males and females or between adolescents and emerging adults on direct or indirect effects were found.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study indicated that body dissatisfaction mediated the relationship between identity formation and eating disorder symptomatology during mid-to-late adolescence and emerging adulthood. Provided that the present findings can be replicated in a future longitudinal study, they demonstrate that both identity formation and body dissatisfaction should be taken into account in prevention and intervention programs targeting eating disorder symptomatology.</p>","PeriodicalId":46662,"journal":{"name":"Psychologica Belgica","volume":"60 1","pages":"328-346"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7528691/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38476024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Brief Version of the Implicit Positive and Negative Affect Test (IPANAT-18).","authors":"G P Hernández,&nbsp;S Edo,&nbsp;M Quirin,&nbsp;T Rovira","doi":"10.5334/pb.544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/pb.544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As self-reports of affect are limited in several regards, an indirect measure of affect, the Implicit Positive and Negative Affect Test (IPANAT; Quirin, Kazén, & Kuhl, 2009) has previously been developed and adapted to more than 10 languages (Quirin et al., 2018), showing adequate reliability and validity. Based on a sample of 242 Spanish adults (111 males), we evaluate a trimmed 18 items version of the IPANAT (IPANAT-18). Item reductive procedures consisted in a random selection of the stimuli words used in the IPANAT. Psychometric properties of the IPANAT-18 were evaluated via Confirmatory Factor Analysis. In addition, correlational analyses were used to determine the relationship between the brief and the full version of the IPANAT, and with explicit measures of affect. We replicated a two-factors structure of positive affect versus negative affect and found a good fit for the IPANAT-18 model (CFI = 1; TLI = 1; RMSEA = .00; SRMR = .03). Reliability was adequate (implicit PA, α = .86; implicit NA, α = .77) and the pattern of relationships with explicit affect measures were congruent and consistent with previous findings. Differences between the mean scores of implicit affect assessed with 18 items or 36 items were statistically non-significant, and showed strong correlations (PA, <i>r</i> = .92, <i>p</i> < .01; NA, <i>r</i> = .88, <i>p</i> < .01). In sum, the IPANAT-18 showed satisfactory psychometric properties and constitutes a useful tool for economically measuring affective processes such as in experimental and economical multiple assessment (e.g., daily diary) settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":46662,"journal":{"name":"Psychologica Belgica","volume":"60 1","pages":"315-327"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7500227/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38426693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Verbal Working Memory but Not Attention Is Related to Language Proficiency: Evidence from Multilingual Speakers.","authors":"Marion Bouffier,&nbsp;Cristina Barbu,&nbsp;Steve Majerus","doi":"10.5334/pb.525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/pb.525","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Numerous studies have shown a consistent relationship between verbal working memory (WM) and native-language as well as non-native language learning abilities. However, the role of attentional abilities has been rarely explored, although these abilities have been shown to be associated both with verbal working memory and oral language proficiency. This study investigated the association between WM, attention and language proficiency in young adults raised with three different languages (Luxembourgish, German and French). Auditory-verbal WM abilities were assessed via an immediate serial recall task. Attentional abilities were assessed via auditory-verbal and visuo-spatial attentional tasks. Using a Bayesian correlational approach, we observed robust evidence for an association between auditory-verbal WM abilities and non-native language proficiency. At the same time, we observed no reliable evidence in favor of an association between language proficiency and auditory-verbal/visuo-spatial attentional measures. These results suggest that auditory-verbal WM and non-native language proficiency are strongly linked in young multilingual adults, irrespective of auditory-verbal or visuo-spatial attentional abilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":46662,"journal":{"name":"Psychologica Belgica","volume":"60 1","pages":"270-293"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7473201/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38392746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Children's Attention to Mother and Adolescent Stress Moderate the Attachment-Depressive Symptoms Link.","authors":"Guy Bosmans,&nbsp;Magali Van de Walle,&nbsp;Patricia Bijttebier,&nbsp;Simon De Winter,&nbsp;Joke Heylen,&nbsp;Eva Ceulemans,&nbsp;Rudi De Raedt","doi":"10.5334/pb.550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/pb.550","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The breadth of children's attentional field around their mother determines whether securely or insecurely attached children are at risk to develop depressive symptoms when confronted with distress in adolescence. To test this effect longitudinally, we measured children's (<i>M</i> _<i>age</i> = 10.93; <i>N</i> = 109) baseline attentional breadth around their mother, attachment status (combining attachment coherence, secure base script knowledge, and self-reported trust), and self-reported depressive symptoms. One and two years later, we measured self-reported distress and depressive symptoms. We tested three-way interactions between attentional breadth × attachment × distress on changes in depressive symptoms. This three-way interaction was marginally significantly linked with changes in depressive symptoms from baseline to year 1, and significantly with changes in depressive symptoms from baseline to year 2. Results pointed to the protective role of a narrow attentional field around the mother in middle childhood for securely attached children who are confronted with distress later in life.</p>","PeriodicalId":46662,"journal":{"name":"Psychologica Belgica","volume":"60 1","pages":"294-314"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7473194/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38392747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Empirical Study on the Relationship between Causes of Teacher Examination Anxiety and Dimensions of Coping with Pre-Exam Anxiety: A Structural Equation Modelling Approach.","authors":"Stella Shimave,&nbsp;Yagmur Cerkez,&nbsp;Engin Baysen","doi":"10.5334/pb.536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/pb.536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, examination anxiety among teachers assumes a critical sphere in the global academic environment. The causes of teacher examination anxiety in education have been reviewed by a few scholars. This shows that teacher examination anxiety and its impact on academic development are limited in research. Therefore, this study investigated the linear relationship between two self-report instruments - the causes of teacher examination anxiety and dimensions of coping with pre-exam anxiety. The study adopted a quantitative approach with three-hundred teachers from four secondary schools in Nigeria and twenty teachers from two secondary schools in North Cyprus participated in the survey. Also, a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was utilized for the analysis. The results of the study indicate that the two factors (teacher causes of exam anxiety and dimensions of coping with pre-exam anxiety) are interconnected. The results also indicate teachers' preparation for examinations coupled with various dimensions of anxiety is a complex task that demands educational stakeholders to constantly improving on causes of examination anxiety and factors of pre-exam anxiety among teachers for better academic and ethical development.</p>","PeriodicalId":46662,"journal":{"name":"Psychologica Belgica","volume":"60 1","pages":"255-269"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7427682/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38326250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"He, She, \"They\" at the Bargaining Table… Woman, Man or Just Negotiators? A Critical Review on Gender Ideologies in Mixed-Gender Negotiations.","authors":"Claudia-Neptina Manea,&nbsp;Vincent Yzerbyt,&nbsp;Stéphanie Demoulin","doi":"10.5334/pb.523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/pb.523","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, an important number of studies aimed at levelling the playing field for women and men at the bargaining table. In spite of this, women continue to find themselves largely at a disadvantage when negotiating with a male counterpart. In this review, we focus on a neglected yet potentially important factor contributing to the gender gap in negotiations, namely people's gender ideology. We argue that gender ideology shapes day-to-day negotiations and we offer insights regarding its consequences on the bargaining process. We first present the available contributions regarding gender in negotiations and underline the most significant variables that lead to gender effects in negotiations. We then introduce gender ideology as a potentially important variable in the process and lean upon previous studies to support our claim.</p>","PeriodicalId":46662,"journal":{"name":"Psychologica Belgica","volume":"60 1","pages":"236-254"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7394197/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38256161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Normal Personality, the Dark Triad, Proactive Attitude and Perceived Employability: A Cross-Cultural Study in Belgium, Switzerland and Togo.","authors":"Kokou A Atitsogbe,&nbsp;Michel Hansenne,&nbsp;Paboussoum Pari,&nbsp;Jérôme Rossier","doi":"10.5334/pb.520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/pb.520","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current research examined the link between both normal and malevolent personality, proactive attitude, and self-perceived employability across some highly investigated (Belgium, Switzerland) and under-investigated populations of sub-Saharan Africa (e.g., Togo), considering proactive attitude as a potential mediator and self-perceived employability as an outcome. Conducting such a study in contexts which present notable differences in political organization and linguistic diversity, might contribute to enriching the literature on the relationships between personality and self-perceived employability. A sample of 968 participants aged 18 to 85 including 335 Belgians (50% women), 279 Swiss (58.1% women) and 354 Togolese (43.5% women) completed a French version of the Zuckerman-Kuhlman-Aluja Personality Questionnaire (ZKA-PQ/SF), Short Dark Triad (SD3), Proactive Attitude Scale (PAS), and Perceived Employability Scale (PES). All four instruments exhibited metric invariance but did not systematically show scalar invariance across the three countries. ZKA-PQ/SF's activity and neuroticism and SD3's narcissism dimensions predicted perceived employability, and these relations were fully or partially mediated by proactive attitude in all cultural contexts. Moreover, perceived employability was predicted by aggressiveness and psychopathy in the Swiss sample and by sensation seeking in both the Swiss and the Belgian samples. Finally, proactive attitude fully mediated between sensation seeking and employability in Belgium and partially between psychopathy and employability in Switzerland. This study illustrates that the link between personality and employability may be mediated by proactive attitude and that these links may be quite robust across cultures.</p>","PeriodicalId":46662,"journal":{"name":"Psychologica Belgica","volume":"60 1","pages":"217-235"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7380056/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38228309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Explorative Study on the Relationship between Learning Opportunities at School and at Work and Adolescents' Mental Health.","authors":"Karin Proost,&nbsp;Joris Van Ruysseveldt,&nbsp;Stef Adriaenssens,&nbsp;Dieter Verhaest,&nbsp;Dries Berings,&nbsp;Anja Van den Broeck","doi":"10.5334/pb.516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/pb.516","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Based on the Job Demands-Resources model, this study examined the association of learning opportunities of adolescents at school and work with their mental health, operationalized in terms of life satisfaction and depression. Intrinsic motivation at school and at work were studied as potential mediators. Within a representative sample of adolescents (n = 474), the results supported within domain relationships in the sense that learning opportunities at school and at work were positively related to intrinsic motivation at school and at work, respectively, which in turn were related to higher levels of life satisfaction and lower levels of depression. Cross-domain relationships were not significant, except for a negative relationship between learning opportunities at work and intrinsic motivation at school, suggesting that having a good job can pull students away from school.</p>","PeriodicalId":46662,"journal":{"name":"Psychologica Belgica","volume":"60 1","pages":"198-216"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7350940/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38185438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}