British Journal for the History of Science最新文献_第3页

When Scottish medicine hospitalized Indian magic: Dr James Esdaile's mesmeric surgery in mid-nineteenth-century Bengal. 当苏格兰医学将印度魔法带入医院时：詹姆斯-埃斯戴尔医生在十九世纪中期孟加拉的迷幻手术。

IF 0.7 1区哲学

British Journal for the History of Science Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1017/S000708742400116X

Kapil Raj

引用次数: 0

Atmospheres of influence: the role of journal editors in shaping early climate change narratives. 影响氛围：期刊编辑在塑造早期气候变化叙述中的作用。

IF 0.7 1区哲学

British Journal for the History of Science Pub Date : 2024-12-13 DOI: 10.1017/S0007087424001304

Robert Naylor, Eleanor Shaw

{"title":"Atmospheres of influence: the role of journal editors in shaping early climate change narratives.","authors":"Robert Naylor, Eleanor Shaw","doi":"10.1017/S0007087424001304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007087424001304","url":null,"abstract":"The role of editorial staff in shaping early climate change narratives has been underexplored and deserves more attention. During the 1970s, the epistemological underpinnings of the production of knowledge on climate change were contested between scientists who favoured computer-based atmospheric simulations and those who were more interested in investigating the long-term history of climatic changes. Although the former group later became predominant in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change during the 1980s, the latter had a sizable influence over climate discourse during the 1970s. Of these, one of the key popularizers of climate discourse during the 1970s was the British climatologist Hubert Lamb (1913-97). The correspondence between Lamb and journal editors who gatekept and curated different audiences helped craft resonant messages about climate change and its potential effects, and we explore Lamb's interactions with editors of Nature, the UNESCO Courier, The Ecologist and Development Forum in the 1973-4 period. Through understanding how climate change discussion was influenced by editors, we gain an insight into how such narratives had to be adjusted to fit into pre-existing discourses before their importance was more widely established, and how these adjustments helped shape conceptualizations of climate change as a global, human-caused phenomenon and a source of universal threat.","PeriodicalId":46655,"journal":{"name":"British Journal for the History of Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How the Glaishers pictured snowflakes. Glaishers 如何描绘雪花。

IF 0.7 1区哲学

British Journal for the History of Science Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1017/S0007087424000803

Floris Winckel

引用次数: 0

Proxies and partial connections in an anthropologist's archive. 人类学家档案中的代理和部分联系。

IF 0.7 1区哲学

British Journal for the History of Science Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1017/S0007087424000815

Dmitry V Arzyutov, David G Anderson

{"title":"Proxies and partial connections in an anthropologist's archive.","authors":"Dmitry V Arzyutov, David G Anderson","doi":"10.1017/S0007087424000815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007087424000815","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the role of primary ethnographic materials - of field notes, letters and photographs - and even of the shelves and bookcases - in building accounts of the human condition. We trace the lives of incomplete and not-yet-found manuscripts, which have been treated as representative of whole archives, as well as closely held convictions and ideas in the history of anthropology. In so doing, we employ the notion of a 'proxy', or a set of signs and images which point the audience in particular directions, without determining their overall destination. Our research is based on a few episodes from the histories of paper and digital copies of manuscripts and photographs of the anthropological couple Sergei and Elizabeth Shirokogoroff, who conducted ethnographic, linguistic and some archaeological research, first on the borderlands between China and Russia, and then later within China. We aim to show the complexity and social and intellectual vibrancy of their ethnographic field archives, which have been scattered across countries, institutions and personal collections. We conclude by suggesting that engaging anthropologically with field archives enables us to approach existing perspectives on archives in a new way, viewing them not as containers of catalogued information, but as entanglements reflecting social relations in local communities, the trajectories of ethnographers, and the aspirations of scholars asking questions today.","PeriodicalId":46655,"journal":{"name":"British Journal for the History of Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Essay review: technopolitics, development and the residues of the South African state. 论文评论：技术政治、发展和南非国家的残余。

IF 0.7 1区哲学

British Journal for the History of Science Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1017/S0007087424001031

Anne Heffernan

{"title":"Essay review: technopolitics, development and the residues of the South African state.","authors":"Anne Heffernan","doi":"10.1017/S0007087424001031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007087424001031","url":null,"abstract":"It has been thirty years since the end of political apartheid in South Africa in 1994. Those decades have been marked by single-party dominance under the African National Congress (ANC), and the expansion of democratic rights and public goods like education, as well as neoliberal economic policies, growing inequality and, in recent years, corruption and maladministration scandals. On the heels of a historic election in May 2024, one which marked the end of the ANC's electoral dominance and was shaped, in part, by government mismanagement of the energy sector and extensive infrastructural decline, it is a timely moment to consider the history of South Africa's state and its relation to industries of extraction and energy production. Two new books do just that. Residual Governance: How South Africa Foretells Planetary Futures, by Gabrielle Hecht, takes a long view of the impact of extractive industries, arguing that contemporary South Africa may offer a cautionary tale of the devastating impacts of the Anthropocene, one that 'foretells planetary futures' in the way that the state has failed to reckon with the enduring communal and environmental impacts of the mining industry. Apartheid's Leviathan: Electricity and the Power of Technological Ambivalence, by Faeeza Ballim, historicizes the development of South Africa's electricity sector under the apartheid state and traces the roots of the current energy crisis back to the pursuit of authoritarian high modernism in the mid-twentieth century.","PeriodicalId":46655,"journal":{"name":"British Journal for the History of Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Charting the hybrid architectural style of quantum theory. 描绘量子理论的混合建筑风格。

IF 0.7 1区哲学

British Journal for the History of Science Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1017/S0007087424000839

Steven French

引用次数: 0

The politics of medical expertise and substance control: WHO consultants for addiction rehabilitation and pharmacy education in Thailand and India during the Cold War. 医学专门知识和药物管制的政治：冷战时期世界卫生组织在泰国和印度的戒毒康复和药学教育顾问。

IF 0.7 1区哲学

British Journal for the History of Science Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1017/S000708742400058X

Reiko Kanazawa

{"title":"The politics of medical expertise and substance control: WHO consultants for addiction rehabilitation and pharmacy education in Thailand and India during the Cold War.","authors":"Reiko Kanazawa","doi":"10.1017/S000708742400058X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S000708742400058X","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the role of World Health Organization (WHO) medical experts in ambitious projects for substance control during the Cold War in Thailand and India. The circumstances surrounding opium production in these two nations were very different, as were the reasons for requesting expert assistance from the United Nations. Whereas the Thai military regime was concerned with controlling illicit traffic to secure its borders, the Indian government wanted to direct its opium raw materials towards domestic pharmaceutical production. Overlapping and sometimes competing agendas of country governments and international agencies converged upon each project, complicating the consultants' work and requiring careful navigation. In both cases, medicine as a science concerned with human health and well-being was subordinated to more pressing agendas. At the same time, the article argues that WHO consultants left an important impact, though not necessarily due to their skills and training in medicine. Instead, they provided exemplars of sound governance and delivery of public health in a politically stable and economically developed country.","PeriodicalId":46655,"journal":{"name":"British Journal for the History of Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Performing national independence through medical diplomacy: tuberculosis control and socialist internationalism in Cold War Vietnam. 通过医疗外交实现国家独立：冷战时期越南的结核病防治与社会主义国际主义。

IF 0.7 1区哲学

British Journal for the History of Science Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1017/S0007087424000487

Michitake Aso

{"title":"Performing national independence through medical diplomacy: tuberculosis control and socialist internationalism in Cold War Vietnam.","authors":"Michitake Aso","doi":"10.1017/S0007087424000487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007087424000487","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores medical diplomacy as a means of navigating distinct but related nation-building and internationalist projects during the Cold War. It examines how medical professionals from the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV) utilized their expertise to bolster foreign relations and assert national independence. This article focuses on how three tuberculosis (TB) specialists - Đặng Đức Trạch, Phạm Ngọc Thạch and Phạm Khắc Quảng - adopted, adapted and circulated techniques of TB control, including a modified version of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine. Amidst these endeavours, these medical-doctors-cum-diplomats navigated various forms of internationalism while soliciting medical assistance. Their roles within the DRV's state apparatus were prominently showcased from the 1950s to the 1970s, particularly at international gatherings such as the conferences of Ministers of Health of the Socialist Countries (MOHOSC). Because of the political complexities inherent in socialist internationalism, these conferences provided a crucial platform for dialogue among socialist nations when other avenues were limited. Consequently, the DRV's medical experts cultivated goodwill and garnered political support, despite encountering mixed results in their TB control initiatives.","PeriodicalId":46655,"journal":{"name":"British Journal for the History of Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Value, knowledge and reputation: zoological exchange by Australian museums, 1870-1900. 价值、知识和声誉：澳大利亚博物馆的动物学交流，1870-1900 年。

IF 0.7 1区哲学

British Journal for the History of Science Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1017/S0007087424000700

Henry Reese, Vanessa Finney, Simon Ville

{"title":"Value, knowledge and reputation: zoological exchange by Australian museums, 1870-1900.","authors":"Henry Reese, Vanessa Finney, Simon Ville","doi":"10.1017/S0007087424000700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007087424000700","url":null,"abstract":"The burgeoning nineteenth-century public-museum sector built a significant part of its natural-history specimen collections through extensive international trading. The early 2020s has seen an upsurge of scholarly interest in this largely overlooked trade. Exchange was a distinctive aspect of the natural-history trade that reveals much about the diverse practices and motives of the institutional collectors. Economic-geographic benefits included conserving the limited financial resources of museums and exploiting complementarities in the geographic distribution of specimens. Collection management, institutional reputation, social connection and international diplomacy were also part of a complex mix of value making that shaped this important international trade. We analyse the exchange practices of the three largest museums in the Australian colonies in the final three decades of the nineteenth century who exchanged Australia's 'rare and curious' fauna with collectors across the globe. By deploying and analysing extensive, comparative data on a particular form of natural history, zoology, and a particular kind of trade, exchange trading, among three Australian museums, this paper extends and enriches recent scholarship on the mobility of natural-history specimens and how they were traded.","PeriodicalId":46655,"journal":{"name":"British Journal for the History of Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

'Like nets or cobwebs': Kenelm Digby, Isaac Newton and the problem of rarefaction. 像网或蜘蛛网"：肯纳姆-迪格比、艾萨克-牛顿和稀释问题。

IF 0.7 1区哲学

British Journal for the History of Science Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1017/S0007087424000554

John Henry

引用次数: 0