Lancet Microbe最新文献

{"title":"Aerosol transmission risk of mpox relative to COVID-19 and smallpox.","authors":"Fong Yew Leong, Zhengwei Ge, Liang Hui Loo, Siew-Wai Fong, Yun Shan Goh, George Xu, Chang Wei Kang, Judith Chui Ching Wong, Hongying Li, Chin Chun Ooi, Matthew Zirui Tay","doi":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2025.101082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanmic.2025.101082","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":" ","pages":"101082"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143383746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wastewater surveillance for early warning of COVID-19 outbreaks in long-term care facilities.","authors":"Yichao Pan, Andi Chen, Ling Chen, Zhijian Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2025.101079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanmic.2025.101079","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":" ","pages":"101079"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143383751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and immunogenicity of a bivalent Ebola virus and Sudan virus ChAdOx1 vectored vaccine in adults in the UK: an open-label, non-randomised, first-in-human, phase 1 clinical trial.","authors":"Daniel Jenkin, Rebecca Makinson, Helen Sanders, Alexander Sampson, Abigail Platt, Nguyen Tran, Tanya Dinesh, Reece Mabbett, Alison Lawrie, Jack Quaddy, Ian Poulton, Eleanor Berrie, Paola Cicconi, Teresa Lambe","doi":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.101022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.101022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Four Orthoebolavirus species can cause Ebola disease, with Ebola virus (species Orthoebolavirus zairense) and Sudan virus (species Orthoebolavirus sudanense) responsible for the majority of outbreaks and cases. No vaccines have been approved against orthoebolaviruses other than Ebola virus. We aimed to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of a non-replicating single-adenoviral vaccine (ChAdOx1 biEBOV) encoding both Ebola virus and Sudan virus glycoproteins.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this open-label, non-randomised, first-in-human, phase 1, dose-escalation clinical trial of ChAdOx1 biEBOV, participants aged 18-55 years without clinically significant medical comorbidities or previous adenovirus vaccine exposure were recruited at a single site (Oxford, UK). Participants were non-randomly enrolled to a low-dose group (5 × 10⁹ viral particles [vp] of ChAdOx1 biEBOV), a medium-dose group (2·5 × 10<sup>1</sup>⁰ vp), and a high-dose group (5 × 10<sup>1</sup>⁰ vp). All doses were administered intramuscularly. After recruitment of all participants, the protocol was amended so that a subgroup from the high-dose group received a second high dose of vaccine 12 weeks after the first dose. Primary outcome measures were assessment of solicited adverse events for 7 days after vaccinations, unsolicited adverse events for 28 days after vaccinations, changes in clinical laboratory measures within 28 days after vaccination, and serious adverse events and adverse events of special interest for the study duration. Secondary outcomes were assessment of humoral and cellular immunity to Ebola virus and Sudan virus glycoprotein. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05079750.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Between Nov 11, 2021, and April 7, 2022, 40 individuals attended the trial screening visit, of whom 26 were enrolled (six in the low-dose group, six in the medium-dose group, and 14 in the high-dose group). Seven participants in the high-dose group received one vaccine dose and seven received two vaccine doses. Local solicited adverse events were reported by 17 (65%) of 26 participants after dose 1 and five (71%) of seven after dose 2. Systemic solicited adverse events were reported by 23 (88%) participants after dose 1 and five (71%) after dose 2. All solicited adverse events were mild or moderate, with no severe events reported. No serious adverse reactions were reported. Unsolicited adverse events related to vaccination were mostly mild or moderate and short-lived, such as joint pain or upper respiratory symptoms. One adverse event of special interest, thrombocytopenia, occurred transiently in one participant in the high-dose group. Rapidly resolving lymphopenia was common at the early post-vaccination timepoint. A single 5 × 10<sup>1</sup>⁰ vp dose vaccination elicited seropositivity to Ebola virus in 14 (100%) participants in the high-dose group and elicited seropositivity to Sudan virus in 12 (86%) partici","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":" ","pages":"101022"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WHO global research priorities for antimicrobial resistance in human health.","authors":"Livia Barenghi, Matteo Pellegrini, Alberto Barenghi","doi":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2025.101081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanmic.2025.101081","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":" ","pages":"101081"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustained orthopoxvirus-specific T-cell responses in individuals who have recovered from mpox.","authors":"Joel Sop, Tyler P Beckey, Joyce L Jones, Bhakti Hansoti, Kelly A Gebo, Joel N Blankson","doi":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2025.101084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanmic.2025.101084","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":" ","pages":"101084"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143371262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ex-situ trans-Gram transfer of clinically relevant antimicrobial resistance genes from a genomic perspective: natural or contamination-related events?","authors":"João Pedro Rueda Furlan, Sergio Schenkman, Fábio Parra Sellera, Shuangshuang Li, Yilu Zhuang, Zhi Ruan","doi":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.101067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.101067","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":" ","pages":"101067"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143366288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in sub-Saharan Africa and western Europe: a retrospective, population-based, cross-sectional study","authors":"Prof Moustapha Mbow PhD ,&nbsp;Dennis Hoving PhD ,&nbsp;Marouba Cisse PharmD ,&nbsp;Ibrahima Diallo PharmD ,&nbsp;Yabo J Honkpehedji MD ,&nbsp;Wesley Huisman PhD ,&nbsp;Cilia R Pothast MSc ,&nbsp;Marlieke L M Jongsma PhD ,&nbsp;Marion H König BSc ,&nbsp;Alicia C de Kroon BSc ,&nbsp;Le Thi Kieu Linh ,&nbsp;Shohreh Azimi PhD ,&nbsp;Tamar Tak PhD ,&nbsp;Yvonne C M Kruize BSc ,&nbsp;Farid Kurniawan MD ,&nbsp;Yacine Amet Dia PharmD ,&nbsp;Jaimie L H Zhang MD ,&nbsp;Corine Prins BSc ,&nbsp;Anna H E Roukens MD ,&nbsp;Jutte J C de Vries MD ,&nbsp;Frits R. Rosendaal","doi":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>SARS-CoV-2 has been associated with a higher proportion of asymptomatic infections and lower mortality in sub-Saharan Africa than high-income countries. However, there is currently a lack of data on cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in people living in Africa compared with people in high-income regions of the world. We aimed to assess geographical variation in peripheral and mucosal immune responses.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this retrospective, population-based, cross-sectional study, we analysed peripheral blood and nasal curettage samples from seven clinical studies involving individuals from Senegal (Senegalese cohort), the Netherlands, and Germany (European cohort). Samples were collected between Nov 1, 2018, and Dec 20, 2021. We included samples from individuals with no, mild, or severe COVID-19. A validation cohort of individuals from Senegal and Gabon (n=64) was used to validate key findings from the main cohort. Matching of individuals between geographical regions by age, sex, viral load, and infection severity and duration was used to address confounding factors. We examined the cellular, humoral, and cytokine immune responses using cytometry by time of flight, spectral flow cytometry, ELISA, and Luminex.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>We included 133 individuals (59 from the Senegalese cohort and 74 from the European cohort). In contrast to the European cohort, mild COVID-19 in the Senegalese cohort was not associated with any statistically significant perturbations in blood or nasal immune cell profiles, nor with increased pro-inflammatory cytokines, although SARS-CoV-2-specific adaptive immunity was readily induced, as seen in Europeans. In severe COVID-19, both the Senegalese and European cohorts showed lymphopenia (Senegal: 2·9-times decrease, p=0·0010 <em>vs</em> Europe: 1·6-times decrease, p=0·0046) and increased neutrophil frequencies in blood (Senegal: 2·0-times increase, p=0·0044 <em>vs</em> Europe: 1·3-times increase, p=0·026) and the nasal mucosa CD66b⁺CD16^low neutrophils (Senegal: 9·9-times increase, p=0·045 <em>vs</em> Europe: 392-times increase, p&lt;0·0001). However, in contrast to Europeans, the Senegalese cohort had no significant expansion of immature immune populations, inflammasome activation, or monocyte recruitment to the nasal mucosa.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>The observed divergent immunological trajectories during SARS-CoV-2 infection offer a potential explanation for the reported attenuated disease course in sub-Saharan Africa and highlight the need to further investigate immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in understudied populations.</div></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><div>European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership 2 programme (AIDCO), LUMC Gisela Thier Fellowship, Dutch Research Council (NWO), European Research Council, and Leids Universitair Fonds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":"6 2","pages":"Article 100942"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142873249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tackling antimicrobial resistance: recognising the proposed five blind spots can accelerate progress","authors":"Madhukar Pai ,&nbsp;Sumanth Gandra ,&nbsp;Poshan Thapa ,&nbsp;Sergio Carmona","doi":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.100968","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.100968","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":"6 2","pages":"Article 100968"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142113315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saliva as a reliable, non-invasive specimen for detecting and monitoring Mycobacterium leprae","authors":"Xi Yang ,&nbsp;Zhengfang Wang ,&nbsp;Yuliang Qin ,&nbsp;Chiyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Yu-Ye Li","doi":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.101014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.101014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":"6 2","pages":"Article 101014"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and clinical relevance of viraemia in viral respiratory tract infections: a systematic review","authors":"Karl Hagman MD ,&nbsp;Tamara Postigo MSc ,&nbsp;David Diez-Castro MSc ,&nbsp;Johan Ursing MD ,&nbsp;Jesús F Bermejo-Martin MD ,&nbsp;Amanda de la Fuente MSc ,&nbsp;Ana P Tedim PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.100967","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.100967","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this Review, we analysed the prevalence of viraemia during infection with SARS-CoV-2 and other relevant respiratory viruses, including other human coronaviruses such as MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV, adenovirus, human metapneumovirus, human rhinovirus/enterovirus, influenza A and B virus, parainfluenza virus, and respiratory syncytial virus. First, a preliminary systematic search was conducted to identify articles published before May 23, 2024 that reported on viraemia during infection with respiratory viruses. The articles were then analysed for relevant terms to identify the prevalence of viraemia, its association with the disease severity and long-term consequences, and host responses. A total of 202 articles were included in the final study. The pooled prevalence of viraemia was 34% for SARS-CoV-2 and between 6% and 65% for other viruses. Association of viraemia with disease severity was extensively reported for SARS-CoV-2 and also for SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, adenoviruses, rhinoviruses, respiratory syncytial virus, and influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 (albeit with low evidence). SARS-CoV-2 viraemia was linked to memory problems and worsened quality of life. Viraemia was associated with signatures denoting dysregulated host responses. In conclusion, the high prevalence of viraemia and its association with disease severity suggests that viraemia could be a relevant pathophysiological event with important translational implications in respiratory viral infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":"6 2","pages":"Article 100967"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142356163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}