Lancet Microbe最新文献

{"title":"Candida auris: new clade, same challenges","authors":"The Lancet Microbe","doi":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.100977","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.100977","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":"5 9","pages":"Article 100977"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666524724002386/pdfft?md5=60b4b15fe34e21b7499564e96d19ae1c&pid=1-s2.0-S2666524724002386-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142056884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MERS-CoV exposure and risk factors for MERS-CoV ELISA seropositivity among members of livestock-owning households in southern Jordan: a population based cross-sectional study","authors":"Peter M Holloway PhD , Matthew D Gibson MSc , Tanja T Holloway MD , Neeltje van Doremalen PhD , Vincent J Munster PhD , Bilal Al-Omari BSc , Michael C Letko PhD , Stephen Nash MSc , Jacqueline M Cardwell PhD , Prof Ehab A Abu-Basha PhD , Prof Wail Hayajneh PhD , Prof Punam Mangtani PhD , Prof Javier Guitian PhD","doi":"10.1016/S2666-5247(24)00082-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2666-5247(24)00082-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Although dromedary camels (<em>Camelus dromedarius</em>) are known to be the host reservoir for MERS-CoV, the virus causing Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), zoonotic transmission pathways and camel subpopulations posing highest transmission risk are poorly understood. Extensively managed herds, ubiquitous across the Arabian Peninsula, present a major potential source of primary infection. In this study we aimed to address key knowledge gaps regarding MERS epidemiology among high-risk communities associated with such herds, which is essential information for effective control strategies.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We did a cross-sectional study between Sept 27, 2017, and Oct 11, 2018, among members of livestock-owning households in southern Jordan (Aqaba East, Aqaba West, Ma’an East, and Ma’an West regions), with random selection of households (house and tent dwellings) from Ministry of Agriculture lists via computer-generated randomisation lists. Household visits were done, with questionnaires administered to household members regarding potential risk factors for MERS-CoV exposure in the past 6 months and blood samples and nasal and oral swabs collected, alongside physical examination data including blood pressure and blood glucose. Children younger than 5 years and individuals without capacity to provide informed consent were excluded. Serum was tested for IgG antibodies to MERS-CoV spike protein (S1 subunit) and nucleocapsid (N) protein with in-house indirect ELISAs, and viral RNA was detected in nasal and oral samples by RT-PCR. The primary outcome was evidence of MERS-CoV exposure (ascertained by seropositive status on S1 or N ELISAs, or a positive swab sample on RT-PCR); secondary outcomes were potential associations between possible risk factors and seropositive status. RT-PCR data were to be presented descriptively. Seroprevalence estimates were obtained at the individual and household levels, and associations between hypothetical risk factors and seropositive status were assessed with use of mixed-effects logistic regression.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>We sampled 879 household members (median age 27 years [IQR 16–44]; 471 [54%] males and 408 [46%] females) from 204 households. 72 (8%) household members were seropositive on S1 ELISA (n=25, 3%) or N ELISA (n=52, 6%). No positive nasal or oral swab samples were identified on RT-PCR. Within-household clustering was identified for seropositivity on S1 ELISA (intraclass correlation coefficient 0·88 [0·35–0·96]) but not N ELISA (0·00 [0·00–0·27]). On multivariable analysis, S1 ELISA seropositivity was associated with frequently (≥weekly) interacting with young (age <1 year) camels (adjusted odds ratio [OR<sub>adj</sub>] 3·85 [95% CI 1·41–11·61], p=0·011), with frequent kissing and petting (OR<sub>adj</sub> 4·56 [1·55–15·42], p=0·0074), and frequent feeding and watering (OR<sub>adj</sub> 4·97 [1·80–15·29], p=0·0027) of young camels identified as ","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":"5 9","pages":"Article 100866"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266652472400082X/pdfft?md5=4e23a680a4d80620594bd79b719e967b&pid=1-s2.0-S266652472400082X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141761617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole-genome sequencing unveils the outbreak of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in mainland China","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2666-5247(24)00086-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2666-5247(24)00086-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":"5 9","pages":"Article 100870"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666524724000867/pdfft?md5=8f8393c4d679784a95d437b3aa9237c7&pid=1-s2.0-S2666524724000867-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140767355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and genomic diversity of Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum to inform vaccine research: an international, molecular epidemiology study","authors":"Prof Arlene C Seña MD ,&nbsp;Mitch M Matoga MBBS ,&nbsp;Prof Ligang Yang MD ,&nbsp;Eduardo Lopez-Medina MD ,&nbsp;Farhang Aghakhanian PhD ,&nbsp;Jane S Chen PhD ,&nbsp;Everton B Bettin PhD ,&nbsp;Melissa J Caimano PhD ,&nbsp;Wentao Chen PhD ,&nbsp;Jonny A Garcia-Luna MD ,&nbsp;Christopher M Hennelly BS ,&nbsp;Edward Jere BSc ,&nbsp;Yinbo Jiang MS ,&nbsp;Prof Jonathan J Juliano MD ,&nbsp;Petra Pospíšilová PhD ,&nbsp;Lady Ramirez MSc ,&nbsp;Prof David Šmajs PhD ,&nbsp;Prof Joseph D Tucker MD ,&nbsp;Fabio Vargas Cely MD ,&nbsp;Prof Heping Zheng PhD ,&nbsp;Jonathan B Parr MD","doi":"10.1016/S2666-5247(24)00087-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2666-5247(24)00087-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The increase in syphilis rates worldwide necessitates development of a vaccine with global efficacy. We aimed to explore <em>Treponema pallidum</em> subspecies <em>pallidum</em> (TPA) molecular epidemiology essential for vaccine research by analysing clinical data and specimens from early syphilis patients using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and publicly available WGS data.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this multicentre, cross-sectional, molecular epidemiology study, we enrolled patients with primary, secondary, or early latent syphilis from clinics in China, Colombia, Malawi, and the USA between Nov 28, 2019, and May 27, 2022. Participants aged 18 years or older with laboratory confirmation of syphilis by direct detection methods or serological testing, or both, were included. Patients were excluded from enrolment if they were unwilling or unable to give informed consent, did not understand the study purpose or nature of their participation, or received antibiotics active against syphilis in the past 30 days. TPA detection and WGS were conducted on lesion swabs, skin biopsies, skin scrapings, whole blood, or rabbit-passaged isolates. We compared our WGS data to publicly available genomes and analysed TPA populations to identify mutations associated with lineage and geography.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>We screened 2802 patients and enrolled 233 participants, of whom 77 (33%) had primary syphilis, 154 (66%) had secondary syphilis, and two (1%) had early latent syphilis. The median age of participants was 28 years (IQR 22–35); 154 (66%) participants were cisgender men, 77 (33%) were cisgender women, and two (1%) were transgender women. Of the cisgender men, 66 (43%) identified as gay, bisexual, or other sexuality. Among all participants, 56 (24%) had HIV co-infection. WGS data from 113 participants showed a predominance of SS14-lineage strains with geographical clustering. Phylogenomic analyses confirmed that Nichols-lineage strains were more genetically diverse than SS14-lineage strains and clustered into more distinct subclades. Differences in single nucleotide variants (SNVs) were evident by TPA lineage and geography. Mapping of highly differentiated SNVs to three-dimensional protein models showed population-specific substitutions, some in outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of interest.</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>Our study substantiates the global diversity of TPA strains. Additional analyses to explore TPA OMP variability within strains is vital for vaccine development and understanding syphilis pathogenesis on a population level.</p></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><p>US National Institutes of Health National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Disease, the Bill &amp; Melinda Gates Foundation, Connecticut Children’s, and the Czech Republic National Institute of Virology and Bacteriology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":"5 9","pages":"Article 100871"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666524724000879/pdfft?md5=ef3db293640c2ffed9451a423de5dfdb&pid=1-s2.0-S2666524724000879-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142056885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiology Society Annual Conference 2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2666-5247(24)00167-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2666-5247(24)00167-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":"5 9","pages":"Article 100925"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666524724001678/pdfft?md5=7ef5254426e21780f31a33e3e8246083&pid=1-s2.0-S2666524724001678-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141545387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The diverse genomes of Candida auris","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2666-5247(24)00135-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2666-5247(24)00135-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":"5 9","pages":"Article 100903"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666524724001356/pdfft?md5=61d278bf1210c1239dbb3cad00cf9ef1&pid=1-s2.0-S2666524724001356-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141411615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing biomarker assays to accelerate tuberculosis drug development: defining target product profiles","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2666-5247(24)00085-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2666-5247(24)00085-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Drug development for tuberculosis is hindered by the methodological limitations in the definitions of patient outcomes, particularly the slow organism growth and difficulty in obtaining suitable and representative samples throughout the treatment. We developed target product profiles for biomarker assays suitable for early-phase and late-phase clinical drug trials by consulting subject-matter experts on the desirable performance and operational characteristics of such assays for monitoring of tuberculosis treatment in drug trials. Minimal and optimal criteria were defined for scope, intended use, pricing, performance, and operational characteristics of the biomarkers. Early-stage trial assays should accurately quantify the number of viable bacilli, whereas late-stage trial assays should match the number, predict relapse-free cure, and replace culture conversion endpoints. The operational criteria reflect the infrastructure and resources available for drug trials. The effective tools should define the sterilising activity of the drug and lower the probability of treatment failure or relapse in people with tuberculosis. The target product profiles outlined in this Review should guide and de-risk the development of biomarker-based assays suitable for phase 2 and 3 clinical drug trials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":"5 9","pages":"Article 100869"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666524724000855/pdfft?md5=4a5601a257231d8a87bd0931e521ec3c&pid=1-s2.0-S2666524724000855-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140912982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harmonising the measurement of neutralising antibodies against chikungunya virus: a path forward for licensing of new vaccines?","authors":"Sally A Baylis, Ivana Knezevic, Neil M Almond","doi":"10.1016/S2666-5247(24)00097-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2666-5247(24)00097-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":" ","pages":"100874"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140960018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Additional breastfeeding data essential to better understand kinetics of A (H1N1) pdm09 strain-specific antibodies induced by placental transfer and natural infection in children from birth to 3 years of age","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2666-5247(24)00100-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2666-5247(24)00100-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":"5 9","pages":"Article 100877"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666524724001009/pdfft?md5=fe5b23900b75ba7088afcdc518a8abdb&pid=1-s2.0-S2666524724001009-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141065765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation and validation of a PrintrLab-based LAMP assay to identify Trypanosoma cruzi in newborns in Bolivia: a proof-of-concept study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2666-5247(24)00110-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2666-5247(24)00110-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Vertical transmission of <em>Trypanosoma cruzi</em> represents approximately 20% of new Chagas disease cases. Early detection and treatment for women of childbearing age and newborns is a public health priority, but the lack of a simple and reliable diagnostic test remains a major barrier. We aimed to evaluate the performance of a point-of-care loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the detection of <em>T cruzi</em>.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this proof-of-concept study, we coupled a low-cost 3D printer repurposed for sample preparation and amplification (PrintrLab) to the Eiken <em>T cruzi-</em>LAMP prototype to detect vertically transmitted <em>T cruzi</em>, which we compared with standardised PCR and with the gold-standard algorithm (microscopy at birth and 2 months and serological study several months later). We screened pregnant women from two hospitals in the Bolivian Gran Chaco province, and those who were seropositive for <em>T cruzi</em> were offered the opportunity for their newborns to be enrolled in the study. Newborns were tested by microscopy, LAMP, and PCR at birth and 2 months, and by serology at 8 months.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>Between April 23 and Nov 17, 2018, 986 mothers were screened, among whom 276 were seropositive for <em>T cruzi</em> (28·0% prevalence, 95% CI 25·6–31·2). In total, 224 infants born to 221 seropositive mothers completed 8 months of follow-up. Congenital transmission was detected in nine of the 224 newborns (4·0% prevalence, 1·9–7·5) by direct microscopy observation, and 14 more cases were diagnosed serologically (6·3%, 3·6–10·3), accounting for an overall vertical transmission rate of 10·3% (6·6–15·0; 23 of 224). All microscopy-positive newborns were positive by PrintrLab-LAMP and by PCR, while these techniques respectively detected four and five extra positive cases among the remaining 215 microscopy-negative newborns.</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>The PrintrLab-LAMP yielded a higher sensitivity than microscopy-based analysis. Considering the simpler use and expected lower cost of LAMP compared with PCR, our findings encourage its evaluation in a larger study over a wider geographical area.</p></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><p>Inter-American Development Bank.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":"5 9","pages":"Article 100887"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666524724001101/pdfft?md5=e5fdd2cd8e083b58c863871674c0eec7&pid=1-s2.0-S2666524724001101-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141545386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}