Lancet Microbe最新文献

{"title":"The intersection of socioeconomic deprivation and antimicrobial resistance: refocusing on a key determinant.","authors":"Akaninyene Otu, Vinesh Patel, Stuart Bond, Sarah Chadwick, Bassey Ebenso, Mamoon Aldeyab, Jade Lee-Milner, Victoria Hemming, Kathyrn Deakin, Maria Marcolin","doi":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2025.101131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanmic.2025.101131","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":" ","pages":"101131"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143789151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global surge of Legionnaires' disease in 2024: urgent call for heightened awareness and preparedness","authors":"Ashutosh Pareek , Runjhun Singhal , Aaushi Pareek , Anil Chuturgoon , Ranjit Sah , Vasso Apostolopoulos","doi":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.101031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.101031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":"6 4","pages":"Article 101031"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142755463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaccine efficacy of NVX-CoV2373 against SARS-CoV-2 infection in adolescents in the USA: an ancillary study to a phase 3, observer-blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled trial","authors":"Meagan E Deming MD PhD , Prof Elizabeth R Brown ScD , Monica A McArthur MD PhD , Stephanie J Schrag DPhil , Melissa Arvay PhD , Mike Humphrys MS , Prof Jacques Ravel PhD , Jeffrey Adelglass MD , Brandon Essink MD , David B Musante MD , Rebecca Maguire MPH , Richard Gorman MD , Elizabeth Formentini MSN MBA , Robin Mason MS MBA , Merlin L Robb MD , Prof Kathleen M Neuzil MD MPH , Rekha R Rapaka MD PhD , Peter Wolff MHA , Prof Karen L Kotloff MD , Michael Waters","doi":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.100984","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.100984","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Although existing COVID-19 vaccines are known to be highly effective against severe disease and death, data are needed to assess their ability to reduce SARS-CoV-2 infection. We aimed to estimate the efficacy of the NVX-CoV2373 protein subunit vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infection, regardless of symptoms, among adolescents.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We performed an ancillary observational study (SNIFF) to the phase 3, observer-blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled PREVENT-19 trial that assessed vaccine efficacy against symptomatic COVID-19 in the USA. Participants in the PREVENT-19 trial included healthy adolescents aged 12–17 years and with no history of laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. They were randomly assigned (2:1) to receive either the NVX-CoV2373 (Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD, USA) vaccine (immediate NVX-CoV2373 group) or placebo (delayed NVX-CoV2373 group) on days 0 and 21 (initial series). After 2 months, in a crossover series, participants received two doses, 21 days apart, of the intervention that they did not receive in their initial series. Participants at 47 of the PREVENT-19 sites were invited to participate in the SNIFF study and self-collect nasal swabs at home twice weekly for SARS-CoV-2 testing to assess vaccine efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 infection. This primary outcome was defined as the first identification of SARS-CoV-2 detected by RT-PCR, regardless of symptoms, with onset within 4 weeks after the second dose of the initial vaccination series until the second dose of the crossover series. Secondary outcomes were vaccine efficacy against asymptomatic and minimally symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, durability of vaccine efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 infection, and durability of vaccine efficacy against asymptomatic and minimally symptomatic infections. Outcomes were analysed in the modified intention-to-treat population, which included all participants without previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and was restricted to participants enrolled within 4 weeks of the second dose of the primary (primary analysis population) or crossover (post-crossover analysis population) series. This study is registered with <span><span>ClinicalTrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> (<span><span>NCT04611802</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>).</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Between June 1 and Dec 17, 2021, 1196 (53·2%) of the 2247 adolescent participants recruited in the PREVENT-19 trial enrolled in the SNIFF study. The primary analysis population included 471 participants in the immediate NVX-CoV2373 group and 220 in the delayed NVX-CoV2373 group. Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was 14·9 cases per 100 person-years (95% CI 7·9–25·5) in the immediate group and 54·2 cases per 100 person-years (33·6–82·9) in the delayed group; vaccine efficacy was 73·5% (95% CI 47·1–86·7; p=0·0002). Incidence of minimally symptomatic or asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection was 10·3 cases per 100 person-years","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":"6 4","pages":"Article 100984"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143068759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WHO world malaria report 2024","authors":"Priya Venkatesan","doi":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2025.101073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2025.101073","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":"6 4","pages":"Article 101073"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143383754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reassessing the role of butyrate-producing bacteria in infection risk","authors":"Rajesh Parsanathan","doi":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.101036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.101036","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":"6 4","pages":"Article 101036"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142640068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causes, patterns, and epidemiology of tattoo-associated infections since 1820","authors":"Sunghyun Yoon PhD ,&nbsp;Sandeep Kondakala PhD ,&nbsp;Soumana Daddy-Gaoh PhD ,&nbsp;Steven Foley PhD ,&nbsp;Ohgew Kweon PhD ,&nbsp;Seong-Jae Kim PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.101006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.101006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite increased awareness and public health initiatives, the incidence of microbial infections related to tattoos has increased since 2000. Building on the first paper in this two-part Series, which detailed the microbiological aspects of tattoo-related infections over the past two centuries from 1820 to 2023, this second paper describes the patterns, causes, and other related epidemiological factors of these infections. Since 2000, bacterial outbreaks, particularly those caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria, have increased, prompting a re-evaluation of tattoos as a serious public health risk. Insufficient hygiene practices have been the primary cause of microbial infections, with contaminated tattoo inks also contributing substantially, leading to 11 outbreaks and subsequent ink recalls. Although rare, the tattooing process can occasionally lead to life-threatening infections and fatalities. Tattoos by both professional and non-professional artists were associated with infections, suggesting that regulated environments do not necessarily eliminate risk. Additionally, individuals with compromised immune systems, especially those with HIV, were particularly vulnerable to infections such as <em>Leishmania</em>. Although permanent make-up is often perceived as safer than conventional tattoos, infections still occur, with 11 cases reported since 2010. Furthermore, polymicrobial infections involving multiple pathogens have posed challenges for diagnosis and treatment. Overall, these insights highlight the historical and emerging patterns of tattoo-related infections and can inform the development of more effective public health guidelines, enhance preventive measures, and guide future research on reducing the risks associated with tattoos.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":"6 4","pages":"Article 101006"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of MpoxPlex, a high-throughput and multiplexed immunoassay: a diagnostic accuracy study","authors":"Scott Jones PhD ,&nbsp;Bethany Hicks BSc ,&nbsp;Helen Callaby MRCP ,&nbsp;Daniel Bailey PhD ,&nbsp;N Claire Gordon DPhil ,&nbsp;Tommy Rampling DPhil ,&nbsp;Catherine Houlihan PhD ,&nbsp;Rachael Jones FRCP ,&nbsp;Marcus Pond PhD ,&nbsp;Ravi Mehta MRCP ,&nbsp;Deborah Wright PGDip ,&nbsp;Clarissa Oeser PhD ,&nbsp;Simon Tonge MSc ,&nbsp;Ezra Linley PhD ,&nbsp;Cathy Rowe MSc ,&nbsp;Bassam Hallis PhD ,&nbsp;Ashley Otter PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.100987","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.100987","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In May, 2022, the first global outbreak of mpox (formerly known as monkeypox) occurred. In response, public health agencies in the UK have made smallpox vaccines available to individuals at the highest risk of infection. With mpox cases still being detected globally, novel tools are required to aid with diagnosis, serosurveillance, and the evaluation of immune responses following infection and immunisation with current and new vaccine candidates. Here, we describe the development of a multiplexed immunoassay, MpoxPlex, able to measure IgG responses to 12 <em>Orthopoxvirus</em> antigens concurrently and distinguish between responses to infection and vaccination.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using the Luminex (DiaSorin, Saluggia, Italy) platform, antibody responses to vaccinia virus (VACV) antigens B5, A27, and A33 and monkeypox virus (MPXV) antigens E8, B6, B2, M1, A27, A35, H3, A29, and A5 were assessed in serum from individuals after MPXV infection (n=24) and after vaccination (n=75) with modified VACV Ankara-Bavarian Nordic. Assay characteristics and cutoffs were calculated by fitting receiver operating characteristic curves to the median fluorescence intensities of these positive samples and negative samples that were run alongside (n=435). P values were calculated using non-parametric Mann–Whitney, Kruskal–Wallis, and Dunn’s multiple comparisons tests.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Using the results from a combination of eight antigens, we were able to distinguish samples as either post-vaccination or post-infection from negative samples with a sensitivity of 98% and a specificity of 95%. IgG responses to MPXV antigen A27 were able to distinguish post-MPXV infection with a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 97%. VACV antigen A27 and MPXV antigens A29 and A5 provided little diagnostic advantage.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>With additional benefits over current serological assays, we believe this assay will provide substantial insight into the current global outbreak of mpox. MpoxPlex shows use for both serosurveillance and immunological studies of vaccination and infection.</div></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><div>Grant-in-aid funding to the Emerging Pathogen Serology Group at Porton Down, UK Health Security Agency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":"6 4","pages":"Article 100987"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracking pandemic pathogens from wastewater surveillance in international airports: Klebsiella pneumoniae ST16 coproducing NDM-4 and OXA-181 arriving in South America","authors":"Rubens R Sousa-Carmo ,&nbsp;Johana Becerra ,&nbsp;Elder Sano ,&nbsp;Herrison Fontana ,&nbsp;Thais Martins-Gonçalves ,&nbsp;Gustavo Queiroga ,&nbsp;Bruna Fuga ,&nbsp;Renan L O Silva ,&nbsp;Mikaela R F Barbosa ,&nbsp;Maria Inês Z Sato ,&nbsp;Nilton Lincopan","doi":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.101071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.101071","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":"6 4","pages":"Article 101071"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crucial analysis of Nef-mediated MHC-I modulation in the maintenance of the HIV-1 reservoir.","authors":"Xinyue Wang, Yaxian Kong","doi":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2025.101133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanmic.2025.101133","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":" ","pages":"101133"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143789149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel human-type receptor-binding H5N1 virus in live poultry markets, China","authors":"Feng Wen ,&nbsp;Yu Yang ,&nbsp;Yong Li ,&nbsp;Jinyue Guo ,&nbsp;Zhili Li ,&nbsp;Lian Liu ,&nbsp;Hao Liu ,&nbsp;Kun Mei ,&nbsp;Limei Qin ,&nbsp;Keshan Zhang ,&nbsp;Tao Ren ,&nbsp;Shujian Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.101049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.101049","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":"6 4","pages":"Article 101049"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}