Lancet Microbe最新文献

{"title":"Tracking pandemic pathogens from wastewater surveillance in international airports: Klebsiella pneumoniae ST16 coproducing NDM-4 and OXA-181 arriving in South America","authors":"Rubens R Sousa-Carmo , Johana Becerra , Elder Sano , Herrison Fontana , Thais Martins-Gonçalves , Gustavo Queiroga , Bruna Fuga , Renan L O Silva , Mikaela R F Barbosa , Maria Inês Z Sato , Nilton Lincopan","doi":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.101071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.101071","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":"6 4","pages":"Article 101071"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crucial analysis of Nef-mediated MHC-I modulation in the maintenance of the HIV-1 reservoir.","authors":"Xinyue Wang, Yaxian Kong","doi":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2025.101133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanmic.2025.101133","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":" ","pages":"101133"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143789149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel human-type receptor-binding H5N1 virus in live poultry markets, China","authors":"Feng Wen , Yu Yang , Yong Li , Jinyue Guo , Zhili Li , Lian Liu , Hao Liu , Kun Mei , Limei Qin , Keshan Zhang , Tao Ren , Shujian Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.101049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.101049","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":"6 4","pages":"Article 101049"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and immunogenicity of an adjuvanted chikungunya virus virus-like particle (CHIKV VLP) vaccine in previous recipients of other alphavirus vaccines versus alphavirus vaccine-naive controls: an open-label, parallel-group, age-matched, sex-matched, phase 2 randomised controlled study","authors":"Melinda J Hamer MD , James M McCarty MD , Benjamin C Pierson DO , Jason A Regules MD , Jason Mendy MS , Aaron D Sanborn BSN , Christina L Gardner PhD , Jeannine M Haller BSN , Melissa K Gregory MS , Dani L Liggett LPN , Pamela J Glass PhD , Neha Ghosh PhD , Sarah Royalty Tredo MBA , Kelly L Warfield PhD , Crystal W Burke PhD , Christine Lee MD , David Saunders MD , Lisa Bedell MA , Jason S Richardson PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.101000","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.101000","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Immune responses to alphavirus vaccines might be impaired when heterologous alphavirus vaccines are administered sequentially. We aimed to compare immunogenicity and safety of a chikungunya virus virus-like particle (CHIKV VLP) vaccine in previous recipients of heterologous alphavirus vaccines with alphavirus-naive controls in the USA.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this open-label, parallel-group, age-matched, sex-matched, phase 2 randomised controlled trial, which was conducted at two clinical study sites in the USA, adults (aged 18–65 years) who had previously received an investigational Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus vaccine (previous alphavirus vaccine recipients; n=30) and sex-matched and age-matched alphavirus vaccine-naive controls (n=30) were intramuscularly administered one 40 μg dose of CHIKV VLP vaccine on day 1. Immunogenicity was based on serum neutralising antibodies assessed by an in-vitro luciferase-based anti-CHIKV NT<sub>80</sub> neutralisation assay. The primary immunogenicity endpoint, which was assessed in the immunogenicity evaluable population (CHIKV VLP-vaccinated participants who had no important protocol deviations, had not received a prohibited medication, and provided evaluable serum sample results for baseline and on day 22), was to compare the proportion of previous alphavirus vaccine recipients with the proportion of alphavirus vaccine-naive controls who reached seroconversion 21 days after vaccination (ie, study day 22) with a single dose of CHIKV VLP vaccine, based on a four-fold increase of CHIKV neutralising antibodies compared with baseline. The significance of the comparison of the two groups was assessed using Fisher’s exact test. The proportion with seroconversion in each group is presented with 95% CIs calculated using the Wilson method. The difference and 95% CIs for this difference was calculated based on Newcombe hybrid score method. An ANOVA model was fit with log<sub>10</sub>-transformed titre as the dependent variable, and study arm, age, and sex as predictors. Least squares means, difference, and 95% CIs were back-transformed and reported as geometric mean titres (GMTs). This trial is registered with <span><span>ClinicalTrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>, <span><span>NCT03992872</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Between Nov 20, 2019, and Jan 19, 2021, 60 participants (20 [33%] female and 40 [67%] male; 40 (67%) White; median age 47·0 years [IQR 13·5]), 30 previous alphavirus vaccine recipients and 30 alphavirus vaccine-naive controls, were enrolled, vaccinated with CHIKV VLP, and completed the trial. The anti-CHIKV neutralising antibody seroconversion rate at day 22 was 100% (95% CI 88·6–100) in both groups. GMTs peaked in previous alphavirus vaccine recipients and alphavirus vaccine-naive controls at day 22 (2032·5 [95% CI 1413·0–2923·6] and 2299·2 [1598·1–3307·8], respectively) and were similar bet","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":"6 4","pages":"Article 101000"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143426322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controlled human infection model of Neisseria lactamica in late pregnancy investigating mother-to-infant transmission in the UK: a single-arm pilot trial","authors":"Anastasia A Theodosiou PhD , Prof Debby Bogaert PhD , David W Cleary PhD , Adam P Dale PhD , Diane F Gbesemete BM , Jonathan M Guy MSc , Jay R Laver PhD , Lucy Raud BSc , Christine E Jones PhD , Prof Robert C Read MD","doi":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.100986","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.100986","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The infant respiratory microbiome is derived largely from the mother and is associated with downstream health and disease. Manipulating maternal respiratory flora peripartum to influence the infant microbiome has not previously been investigated. <em>Neisseria lactamica</em> is a harmless pharyngeal commensal that correlates inversely with <em>Neisseria meningitidis</em> carriage and disease. Intranasal <em>N lactamica</em> inoculation is a safe and well characterised controlled human infection model (CHIM) in non-pregnant healthy adults. We hypothesised that <em>N lactamica</em> inoculation in pregnancy induces mother-to-infant <em>N lactamica</em> transmission postnatally.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this single-arm trial, 21 healthy pregnant female participants aged 18 years or older were inoculated at 36–38 weeks’ gestation with 10<sup>5</sup> colony-forming units of <em>N lactamica</em> Y92–1009 at University Hospital Southampton Clinical Research Facility, Southampton, UK. <em>N lactamica</em> selective culture, genome sequencing, and serological testing were performed on maternal and infant oral, nasopharyngeal, breastmilk, and serum samples over 15 weeks postpartum. Seven female participants naturally colonised with <em>N lactamica</em> at baseline were followed up, but not inoculated. Oral samples were obtained from 12 cohabiting siblings younger than 5 years. The primary endpoint was infant <em>N lactamica</em> colonisation. This study was registered with <span><span>ClinicalTrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>, <span><span>NCT04784845</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>, and is now complete.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Between Oct 25, 2021, and March 7, 2022, 31 adult female participants (median age 33·5 years [range 23·1–39·9]; 26 [84%] were White, British) were screened and enrolled, of whom seven were already colonised with <em>N lactamica</em>. After exclusion of three participants, 21 participants were inoculated, of whom 15 (71%) became <em>N lactamica</em>-colonised, and no sustained <em>N lactamica</em> Y92–1009 transmission to their infants was observed. Conversely, non-Y92–1009 <em>N lactamica</em> strain sharing was observed in four (57%) of seven uninoculated mother–sibling pairs, and <em>Moraxella catarrhalis</em> strain sharing in nine (38%) of 24 mother–infant pairs completing the study. Anti-<em>N lactamica</em> serum IgG titres increased in seven (88%) of eight <em>N lactamica</em> Y92–1009-colonised female participants, but none of their infants (where paired sera were available). There were no serious adverse reactions to the inoculum.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>As the world’s first perinatal CHIM, this trial demonstrates that this model in pregnancy is feasible, and that <em>N lactamica</em> Y92–1009 can safely and efficiently colonise pregnant individuals. Lack of sustained mother-to-infant <em>N lactamica</em> transmission, despite e","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":"6 4","pages":"Article 100986"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143476982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uganda launches vaccine trial for Sudan virus disease","authors":"Paul Adepoju","doi":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2025.101110","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2025.101110","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":"6 4","pages":"Article 101110"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143476985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global spatiotemporal dynamics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae re-emergence after COVID-19 pandemic restrictions: an epidemiological and transmission modelling study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.101019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.101019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</em> is a major cause of respiratory tract infections. We aimed to investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics, antimicrobial resistance, and severity of the delayed re-emergence of infections with <em>M pneumoniae</em> after the implementation of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) against COVID-19.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Epidemiological data (positive and total test numbers, and macrolide-resistant <em>M pneumoniae</em> detections) and clinical data (hospitalisations, intensive care unit [ICU] admissions, and deaths) were collected through our global surveillance from April 1, 2017 to March 31, 2024. The moving epidemic method (MEM) was used to establish epidemic periods, and the time-series susceptible–infected–recovered (TSIR) model to investigate the delayed re-emergence.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>The dataset included 65 sites in 29 countries from four UN regions: Europe, Asia, the Americas, and Oceania. A global re-emergence of <em>M pneumoniae</em> cases by PCR detection was noted from the second half of 2023. The mean global detection rate was 11·47% (SD 15·82) during the re-emergence (April, 2023–March, 2024). By use of MEM, the re-emergence was identified as epidemic in all four UN regions, simultaneously in ten countries at calendar week 40 (early October, 2023). Macrolide-resistant <em>M pneumoniae</em> rates from Europe and Asia were 2·02% and 71·22%, respectively, and did not differ between the re-emergence and pre-COVID-19 pandemic periods. During the re-emergence, some countries reported increased hospitalisations (in adults, two of ten countries; and in children, two of 14 countries) and ICU admissions (in adults, one of nine countries; and in children, two of 14 countries). Overall, 65 (0·11%) deaths were reported, without statistical difference between pre-COVID-19 pandemic and re-emergence. The TSIR model accurately predicted, considering a 3-week generation time of <em>M pneumoniae</em> and a 90% reduction in transmission through NPIs, the observed delayed re-emergence.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>This large global dataset for <em>M pneumoniae</em> detections shows that although there was an unprecedented high number of detections across many countries in late 2023, the severity and number of deaths remained low. Our results suggest that the delayed re-emergence was related to the long incubation period of <em>M pneumoniae</em> infection.</div></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><div>None.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":"6 4","pages":"Article 101019"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using demographics of patients to inform treatment of shigellosis in England","authors":"Lewis C E Mason ,&nbsp;Daniel Richardson ,&nbsp;Hannah Charles ,&nbsp;Ian Simms ,&nbsp;Holly D Mitchell ,&nbsp;Rohini Manuel ,&nbsp;Gauri Godbole ,&nbsp;Claire Jenkins ,&nbsp;Kate S Baker","doi":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.101026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.101026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":"6 4","pages":"Article 101026"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142640069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe conflict-associated wound infections complicated by the discovery of carbapenemase-coproducing Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Ukraine","authors":"Scott J C Pallett ,&nbsp;Anna Morkowska ,&nbsp;Stephen D Woolley ,&nbsp;Matthew K O’Shea ,&nbsp;Luke S P Moore ,&nbsp;Olena Moshynets","doi":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.101046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.101046","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":"6 4","pages":"Article 101046"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142802534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pandemic research: the need for a paradigm shift","authors":"Lin-Fa Wang ,&nbsp;Sharon R Lewin ,&nbsp;Nanshan Zhong ,&nbsp;Linqi Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhiwei Chen ,&nbsp;Kwok-Yung Yuen ,&nbsp;David D Ho","doi":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.101048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.101048","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46633,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Microbe","volume":"6 4","pages":"Article 101048"},"PeriodicalIF":20.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142802585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}