Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Molecular insights into physiological impact of micro- and nano-plastics on the digestive system and gut-brain axis","authors":"Yuvika ,&nbsp;Deepansh Sharma ,&nbsp;Ashima Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2026.110473","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2026.110473","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics (MPs) and Nanoplastics (NPs) represent an alarming and persistent threat to global human health, owing to their resilience and ubiquity in the environment. Ingestion via contaminated food and water is the primary exposure route, resulting in the accumulation of MNPs in key organs such as the gastrointestinal tract (GI), liver, and pancreas, highlighting the urgent need to understand their potential cumulative and systemic effects. This review critically evaluates recent molecular-level insights into the physiological impacts of MNPs, with particular emphasis on the GI system and the intricate gut-brain axis.</div><div>MNPs induce cellular toxicity through oxidative stress (OS) and mitochondrial dysfunction, which activate inflammatory and apoptotic pathways. Accumulation in the GI tract causes gut microbiota dysbiosis and a compromised intestinal barrier, and translocates systemically to the liver and pancreas, leading to hepatotoxicity, insulin resistance, and chronic inflammation.</div><div>Crucially, the disruption of the gut barrier facilitates MNPs access to the central nervous system (CNS) via the gut-brain axis, leading to a breach of the Blood-Brain Barrier. CNS-accumulated MNPs induce neuroinflammation and neurotoxicity, accelerating neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and multiple sclerosis.</div><div>This review elucidates the complex mechanisms and highlights significant gaps in understanding MNPs risks, which are currently limited by the use of short-term animal and in vitro models, as well as a lack of precise human data. Future research should prioritize the development of standardized quantification techniques and advanced tracking methods to accurately assess the biodistribution, metabolism, and long-term health effects of MNPs. This approach will facilitate the development of targeted therapeutic interventions and preventive measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"304 ","pages":"Article 110473"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146194223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence for potential critical windows of immune development in the marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma)","authors":"Elizabeth DiBona ,&nbsp;Yuan Lu ,&nbsp;Justin Elliot ,&nbsp;Remi Labeille ,&nbsp;Hussain Abdulla ,&nbsp;Frauke Seemann","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2026.110459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2026.110459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis suggests that environmental exposures during early immune development may trigger long-term immune pathologies. However, the timing of sensitive developmental windows in the innate immune system of vertebrates remains poorly defined. Here, we propose the marine medaka fish (<em>Oryzias melastigma</em>) as a model organism to define a molecular timeline for innate immune system maturation. To identify critical windows of immune development, we assessed both organismal resistance to bacterial infection and molecular markers of immune gene expression across developmental stages. Immune competence evaluation in embryos and larvae revealed distinct windows of vulnerability to bacterial challenge, suggesting dynamic immune regulation. 17α-Ethinylestradiol (EE2), a potent synthetic estrogen is known to affect both reproductive and immune function. Embryos and larvae were exposed to EE2 during three key periods (7–11 days post fertilization (dpf), 3–5 days post hatching (dph), and 12–19 dph) and subsequently challenged with a bacterial pathogen. EE2 exposure during the embryonic (7–11 dpf) and later larval (12–19 dph) periods significantly reduced pathogen resistance in a non-monotonic dose response manner, altered the expression of immune-related genes involved in protein synthesis and ribosome biogenesis and modified energy and amino acid metabolism. Altogether, this study underscores the importance of identifying sensitive periods in immune development when evaluating environmental risks and support the use of marine medaka as a relevant model for developmental immunotoxicity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"304 ","pages":"Article 110459"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146092340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linking metabolic state to carbamazepine accumulation in Arctic benthic invertebrates","authors":"Dagmara Leszczyńska ,&nbsp;Mikołaj Mazurkiewicz ,&nbsp;Adam Sokołowski ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Smolarz ,&nbsp;Maria Włodarska-Kowalczuk ,&nbsp;Joanna Legeżyńska ,&nbsp;Kajetan Deja ,&nbsp;Aleksandra Bieżuńska ,&nbsp;Natalia Kilijan ,&nbsp;Julia Lisowska ,&nbsp;Marcin Lipiński ,&nbsp;Anna Hallmann","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2026.110489","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2026.110489","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pharmaceutical pollutants, such as carbamazepine (CBZ), are increasingly detected in polar marine ecosystems, raising concerns about their bioaccumulation and impact on resident fauna. This study investigated the presence of CBZ and metabolic alterations in two Arctic macrobenthic invertebrates: the suspension-feeding bivalve <em>Ciliatocardium ciliatum</em> and the predatory starfish <em>Urasterias lincki</em>, collected from two fjords of the Svalbard archipelago: Hornsund (77°N) and Kongsfjorden (79°N). Using LC-MS/MS, CBZ was detected exclusively in <em>U. lincki</em> tissues (0.14 ng/g wet weight), while it was absent in <em>C. ciliatum</em>, suggesting species-specific differences in bioaccumulation potential. Importantly, <em>U. lincki</em> exhibited significantly higher tissue lipid content (mainly cholesterol), approximately twice that of bivalves, which likely facilitated the accumulation of lipophilic compounds such as CBZ. Comprehensive metabolic profiling revealed that <em>U. lincki</em> also exhibited higher levels of ATP, glycogen, glutathione, and total antioxidant capacity, indicating a more active oxidative metabolism. In contrast, <em>C. ciliatum</em> showed signatures of metabolic downregulation, including elevated succinate, malate, and purine degradation products, suggesting a reliance on anaerobic pathways and limited detoxification capacity. These findings underscore the role of feeding strategy, lipid content, and oxidative stress regulation in shaping pharmaceutical accumulation in Arctic benthic fauna and highlight the vulnerability of cold-adapted organisms to persistent emerging pollutants in polar ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"304 ","pages":"Article 110489"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146218952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predator-induced shifts in energy metabolism: Anaerobic activation in juvenile sea cucumbers","authors":"Jiamei Pan,&nbsp;Xiaojuan Xu,&nbsp;Haiqing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2026.110491","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2026.110491","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The sea cucumber <em>Stichopus monotuberculatus</em> serves as a primary species for benthic ecological restoration in southern China, and has significant economic value. However, pressure from their predators remains a critical factor constraining their survival rates during stocking in marine ranching. To study the effect of fear from predator, the physiological responses of <em>S. monotuberculatus</em> to different risk cues were evaluated: cues from crab <em>Portunus pelagicus</em> group (PPG), same-species injury group (SSIG), and different-species injury group (DSIG). Results showed under PPG treatment, oxygen consumption initially decreased but surged upon repeated exposure, indicating an adjustment to acute stress. Injury cues from sea cucumbers (conspecific, SSIG and heterospecific, DSIG) resulted in metabolic peaks at 6 h and 12 h respectively. At the 6 h time point, DSIG elicited higher ammonia excretion and a markedly elevated O:N ratio, reflecting a major shift in metabolic pathways toward non-protein energy substrates. Under exposure to PPG, ATP levels surged 20-fold at 1 h, reaching 14,353.81 ± 1308.36 μmol·gprot⁻¹. Meanwhile, the activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and hexokinase (HK) significantly increased, while pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity decreased, which indicated that anaerobic metabolism dominates during acute stress from predator crab. Under DSIG treatment, PDH and HK activities first increased and then decreased, accompanied by slower ATP recovery than PPG treatment, which reflects the adjustment of aerobic metabolism in response to heterospecific injury cues. This study reveals that <em>S. monotuberculatus</em> dynamically modulates its metabolic physiology in response to varying predation risks, employing acute anaerobic responses under crab threats and shifting toward aerobic metabolic reorganization under heterospecific injury cues. These findings enhance our understanding of how juvenile sea cucumbers adjusted physiologically to predation pressure, providing a theoretical basis for development of predator stress modification strategies for its bottom sowing and stock enhancement practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"304 ","pages":"Article 110491"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146218965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the ecological risks of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles to black sea picophytoplankton","authors":"Natalia Shoman ,&nbsp;Ekaterina Solomonova ,&nbsp;Arkady Akimov","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2026.110490","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2026.110490","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The toxic effect of zinc oxide (ZnO NPs) and copper oxide (CuO NPs) nanoparticles on natural communities of Black Sea picophytoplankton was investigated during a year-long cycle of in-situ experiments. The results revealed pronounced seasonal and taxonomic specificity of toxicity. It was established that CuO NPs exert a complex toxic effect on algae, disrupting most key physiological processes in the cells. Pronounced oxidative stress, suppression of pigment synthesis, changes in morphology, dose-dependent inhibition of photosynthetic activity (EC₅₀ = 18.3 μg L⁻¹), and a sharp restructuring of the community in favor of picoeukaryotes (up to 90–98% at 20 μg L⁻¹) were observed. In contrast, ZnO NPs acted selectively on the algal community, primarily suppressing the growth of phycoerythrin-containing (PEC) forms of cyanobacteria, while phycocyanin-containing (PCC) forms exhibited resistance. The peak sensitivity of <em>Synechococcus</em> sp. cyanobacteria to CuO NPs was observed in winter-spring (EC50 6–14 μg L⁻¹), whereas their resistance to ZnO NPs increased in summer (EC₅₀ up to 110 μg L⁻¹). Picoeukaryotes, on the contrary, demonstrated the highest vulnerability to ZnO NPs during periods of ecological stress (EC₅₀ 12–15 μg L⁻¹ in July and December). The nanomaterials also induced a cellular morphological stress response, manifested in a significant increase in <em>Synechococcus</em> sp. cell size (up to 2.5 times at 60 μg L⁻¹ CuO NPs) and a decrease in pigment indices. The obtained data show that the ecotoxicological assessment of nanomaterials cannot be based on constant values and must necessarily account for seasonal fluctuations in the resilience of aquatic organisms, which are linked to the natural life cycles of planktonic communities and changes in abiotic environmental parameters. The results are of particular relevance due to their direct ecological relevance. The calculated EC₅₀ threshold concentrations correspond to real levels of metal nanoparticle pollution in coastal waters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"304 ","pages":"Article 110490"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146218979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Negative effects of microcystin-LR on larval zebrafish: Focus on visual function, behavior, and circadian rhythm regulation","authors":"Wei Liu ,&nbsp;Zi Wei ,&nbsp;Zhicong Jiang ,&nbsp;Jiayi Hou ,&nbsp;Junguo Ma ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2026.110488","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2026.110488","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is the most prevalent and toxic microcystin congeners, posing a significant threat to aquatic organisms as well as humans; however, its underlying toxic mechanisms remain incompletely elucidated. In this study, the negative impacts of MC-LR and the underlying mechanisms in zebrafish larvae were investigated. The results demonstrated that MC-LR could penetrate zebrafish larvae and induce developmental toxicity, characterized by reduced heart rate, decreased body length, and smaller eye area. H&amp;E staining revealed that MC-LR exposure significantly reduced the thickness of retinal layers. qPCR analysis showed altered expression levels of phototransduction and retinoic acid metabolism related genes (<em>rho</em>, <em>gnat1</em>, <em>gnat2</em>, <em>opn1sw1</em>, <em>opn1lw1</em>, <em>opn1mw1</em>, <em>rdh1</em>, <em>rbp4</em>, <em>cyp26a1</em>, and <em>aldh1a2</em>). These findings suggest that MC-LR may disrupt retinal structure and impair normal visual function in larvae. Behavioral analyses indicated that MC-LR exposure weakened spontaneous movements in embryos and impaired swimming ability in larvae, potentially due to significant alterations in the levels of glutamate, γ-aminobutyric acid, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Additionally, MC-LR exposure reduced visuomotor responses, delayed reactions to external stimuli, and disrupted circadian rhythms, which may be attributed to altered expression levels of circadian rhythm-related genes (<em>clock1a</em>, <em>bmal1a</em>, <em>per1b</em>, <em>cry1a</em>, and <em>per2</em>), as well as changes in melatonin and arylalkylamine <em>N</em>-acetyltransferase 2 levels. Overall, these findings indicate that MC-LR exposure induces developmental neurotoxicity in zebrafish, and that impaired visual function and disrupted circadian rhythm may serve as key contributing factors to MC-LR-induced behavioral abnormalities, which warrant further emphasis in future ecological and health risk assessments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"304 ","pages":"Article 110488"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146218882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and environmental stress-induced expression profiling of transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) channels in the Pacific oyster (Magallana gigas) following short-heatwave and silver exposure","authors":"F. Fernández-García ,&nbsp;C. Mieiro ,&nbsp;M. Pacheco ,&nbsp;J.F. Asturiano ,&nbsp;M. Morini","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2026.110477","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2026.110477","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Marine ecosystems are increasingly threatened by the rising frequency of thermal anomalies, such as marine heatwaves (HW), and by the presence of emerging contaminants, including silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) and its dissociated form into silver ions (Ag⁺). In this context, the present study provides an integrative analysis of the molecular basis of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid (TRPV), a family of sensitive channels, under environmentally realistic conditions in the gonad of the Pacific oyster (<em>Magallana gigas</em>). In this study, environmentally relevant concentrations of silver (0.25 μg/L) and a temperature increase of up to 6 °C above natural temperature (16.30 ± 0.82 °C) were applied for 7 days to simulate a realistic short-HW scenario. Four TRPV sequences were identified and, based on phylogenetic analyses, reclassified as TRPVA, TRPVB, and two TRPVC/D paralogs. Among these, TRPVB emerged as the most stress-responsive isoform in the gonad, displaying contrasting expression profiles under HW conditions, with Ag NPs upregulating TRPVB expression whereas Ag⁺ caused its downregulation. Although preliminary, these results suggest that Ag NPs and Ag⁺ activate different signalling pathways, which may be differentially expressed under thermal stress, highlighting the complexity of combined contaminants and climate-related pressures in the Pacific oyster. These findings provide basic knowledge and novel insights into environmental stress responses in marine invertebrates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"304 ","pages":"Article 110477"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146156474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in response mechanisms of fish to ammonia stress: A review","authors":"Xiao-Zheng Yu ,&nbsp;Zi-Yan Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2026.110487","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2026.110487","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ammonia stress has emerged as a critical challenge in global aquaculture, driving extensive research into fish response mechanisms spanning physiological, molecular, and ecological dimensions. This review synthesizes advances in understanding multi-tiered adaptations, including branchial ammonia excretion, urea/glutamine conversion pathways, and microbial symbiosis-mediated detoxification. Key findings highlight species-specific strategies: teleosts prioritize oxidative stress mitigation via Nrf2/glutathione redox regulation, while ureogenic species enhance urea cycle enzyme activities. Microbial communities in aquatic ecosystems further modulate ammonia dynamics through nitrification and denitrification processes. Current mitigation approaches ranging from bioaugmentation and photocatalytic oxidation to dietary antioxidants like probiotics and polyphenols demonstrate efficacy but face limitations in scalability and ecological compatibility. Emerging technologies such as CRISPR-edited ammonia-tolerant strains, real-time water quality monitoring, and circular bioeconomy models (e.g., algal bioconversion of effluents) may represent paradigm-shifting solutions. Future research must integrate multi-omics platforms with ecological modeling to decode evolutionary trade-offs between detoxification energetics and growth performance, ultimately enabling precision aquaculture systems that harmonize productivity with environmental resilience. This comprehensive analysis not only refines theoretical frameworks for ammonia toxicity but also contributes to developing effective strategies for sustainable aquaculture management and addressing the ongoing challenge of ammonia pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"304 ","pages":"Article 110487"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146225736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicological impact of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on uterine health and molecular insights via docking: A review.","authors":"Miaomiao Zhang, Chen Shen, Hongyu Wang, Lu Wang, Jiaojiao Guo, Haibo Li, Buhe Nashun","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2026.110563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpc.2026.110563","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are toxic compounds primarily generated via the incomplete combustion of organic fuels, characterized by two or more fused benzene rings. Widely distributed in the environment, these substances pose substantial health hazards, with adverse effects spanning the respiratory, circulatory, reproductive, immune, and cardiovascular systems. Women exhibit heightened vulnerability to PAHs exposure, as such exposure carries severe implications for reproductive health. This review focuses on PAH-induced uterine toxicity, highlighting hormonal disruption, aberrant cell proliferation, perturbed signaling pathways, dysregulated gene expression, and elevated cancer risk. Molecular docking studies provide supporting clues for the uterine toxicity induced by PAHs. Given PAHs' capacity to traverse the placental barrier and potentially harm the developing zygote, there is a pressing need for comprehensive molecular toxicological investigations to better understand and mitigate these risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"110563"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147834703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature-dependent enhancement of methylmercury toxicity in the water flea Daphnia magna: Linking physiological and molecular stress responses","authors":"Haksoo Jeong ,&nbsp;Jin-Sol Lee ,&nbsp;Mi-Song Hong ,&nbsp;Yuri Jin ,&nbsp;Piotr Maszczyk ,&nbsp;Menghong Hu ,&nbsp;Youji Wang ,&nbsp;Minghua Wang ,&nbsp;Jae-Seong Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2026.110464","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2026.110464","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global warming alters the toxicity and bioavailability of environmental pollutants in aquatic ecosystems. Methylmercury (MeHg), a highly toxic form of mercury, poses significant risks, yet its interaction with temperature remains understudied. Thus, this study aims to understand how elevated temperature affects the physiological and molecular toxicity of MeHg exposure in aquatic invertebrates. We investigated the combined effects of elevated temperature (23 and 28 °C) and MeHg (10 and 50 ng/L) on the freshwater invertebrate <em>Daphnia magna</em>. Acute toxicity was significantly enhanced at 28 °C. Chronic exposure reduced survival, reproduction, and growth, particularly under combined elevated temperature and MeHg conditions. While mercury accumulation increased with MeHg concentration, temperature did not influence internal Hg levels. Biochemical analyses showed that elevated temperature reduced ROS levels but increased antioxidant enzyme activity, whereas antioxidant gene expression was suppressed. MeHg exposure inhibited acetylcholinesterase activity, with greater inhibition observed under combined exposure. Detoxification responses were temperature-specific. Glutathione-mediated system was activated at 28 °C. ABCC activity increased with temperature and MeHg, whereas ABCB activity was suppressed at 28 °C, but partially recovered with MeHg. These findings demonstrate that elevated temperature amplifies MeHg toxicity through physiological and molecular disruptions and emphasize the value of considering temperature–pollutant interactions in ecological risk assessments under climate change scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"303 ","pages":"Article 110464"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146092283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}