Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Ferulic acid alleviates cardiac injury by inhibiting avermectin-induced oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis","authors":"Qiao Wang ,&nbsp;Shasha Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiahao Ding ,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Xinxuan Li ,&nbsp;Yuxin Chen ,&nbsp;Yangye Zhu ,&nbsp;Danping Zeng ,&nbsp;Jingquan Dong ,&nbsp;Yi Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Avermectin (AVM) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic from the macrolide class, extensively employed in fisheries and aquaculture. Nevertheless, its indiscriminate utilisation has resulted in a substantial accumulation of remnants in the aquatic ecosystem, potentially inflicting significant harm to the cardiovascular system of aquatic species. Ferulic acid (FA) is a naturally occurring compound in wheat grain husks. It possesses potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which can help reduce cardiovascular damage. Additionally, its affordability makes it an excellent option for aquaculture usage as a feed additive. This article explored the potential of FA as a feed additive to protect against AVM-induced heart damage in carp. We subjected carp to AVM for 30 days and provided them with a diet of 400 mg/kg of FA. FA substantially reduced the pathogenic damage to heart tissue caused by AVM, as shown through hematoxylin-eosin staining. The biochemical analysis revealed that FA markedly enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) while reducing the malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Furthermore, qPCR analysis demonstrated a substantial increase in the mRNA levels of transforming growth factor-β1 (<em>tgf-β1</em>) and interleukin-10 (<em>il-10</em>) simultaneously, significantly reducing the expression levels of interleukin-10 (<em>il-6</em>), interleukin-1β (<em>il-1β</em>), tumor necrosis factor-α (<em>tnf-α</em>) and inductible nitric oxide synthase (<em>inos</em>). Through the mitochondrial apoptotic route, FA reduced AVM-induced cell death in carp heart cells by upregulating <em>bcl-2</em> while downregulating the mRNA expression levels of <em>bax</em>, <em>fas</em>, <em>caspase8</em> and <em>caspase9</em>. In summary, FA alleviated cardiac injury by inhibiting AVM-induced oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and apoptosis in carp heart tissue.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 110058"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142496554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quercetin, the new stress buster: Investigating the transcriptional and behavioral effects of this flavonoid on multiple stressors using Lymnaea stagnalis","authors":"Veronica Rivi ,&nbsp;Anuradha Batabyal ,&nbsp;Cristina Benatti ,&nbsp;Fabio Tascedda ,&nbsp;Johanna Maria Catharina Blom ,&nbsp;Ken Lukowiak","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Growing evidence suggests that a flavonoid-rich diet can prevent or reverse the effects of stressors, although the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. One common and abundant flavonoid found in numerous foods is quercetin. This study utilizes the pond snail <em>Lymnaea stagnalis</em>, a valid model organism for learning and memory, and a simple but robust learning paradigm—operant conditioning of aerial respiration—to explore the behavioral and transcriptional effects of different stressors on snails' cognitive functions and to investigate whether quercetin exposure can prevent stress effects on learning and memory formation. Our findings demonstrate that three different stressors—severe food deprivation, lipopolysaccharide injection (an inflammatory challenge), and fluoride exposure (a neurotoxic agent)—block memory formation for operant conditioning and affect the expression levels of key targets related to stress response, energy balance, and immune response in the snails' central ring ganglia. Remarkably, exposing snails to quercetin for 1 h before stress presentation prevents these effects at both the behavioral and transcriptional levels, demonstrating the potent stress-preventive properties of quercetin. Despite the evolutionary distance from humans, <em>L. stagnalis</em> has proven to be a valuable model for studying conserved mechanisms by which bioactive compounds like quercetin mitigate the adverse effects of various stressors on cognitive functions across species. Moreover, these findings offer insights into quercetin's potential for mitigating stress-induced physiological and cognitive impairments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 110053"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142496555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does temperature influence on biomarker responses to copper exposure? The invasive bivalve Limnoperna fortunei (Dunker 1857) as a model","authors":"Jimena Cazenave ,&nbsp;Andrea S. Rossi ,&nbsp;Analía Ale ,&nbsp;Luciana Montalto ,&nbsp;María F. Gutierrez ,&nbsp;Florencia Rojas Molina","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biomarkers are useful tools for assessing the early warning effects of pollutants. However, their responses can be influenced by confounding factors. In this study, we investigated the influence of temperature on multiple biomarkers in the invasive freshwater bivalve <em>Limnoperna fortunei</em> exposed to copper (Cu). The mussels were exposed to low and high environmental Cu concentrations at two temperatures (15 °C and 25 °C). After 96 h, the oxidative stress, neurotoxicity, and metabolic parameters were assessed. Our results showed that temperature is a key factor influencing biomarker responses in mussels, with higher glutathione S-transferase activity and lower energy reserves at cold temperature. In addition, the effects of Cu were greater at the highest concentration at 15 °C (increased lipid peroxidation and cholinesterase activity). Overall, these findings suggest that cold stress increases the susceptibility of <em>L. fortunei</em> to metal effects and highlight the importance of including temperature in toxicity testing and biomonitoring. In addition, using the invasive bivalve <em>L. fortunei</em> as a model could prove valuable in its role as a sentinel species for other organisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 110059"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142496537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecotoxicity of bioinsecticide spinosad to soil organisms: Commercial formulation versus active ingredient","authors":"Alexandre Moreira ,&nbsp;Verónica Nogueira ,&nbsp;Sirine Bouguerra ,&nbsp;Sara C. Antunes ,&nbsp;Sara Rodrigues","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spintor® (SPIT®) is a commercial formulation of a bioinsecticide with the active ingredient Spinosad (SPIN). Despite the efforts of regulatory agencies, there still is a lack of information regarding short- and long-term exposures to soil-dwellers, as well as effects at environmentally relevant concentrations. This work aimed to evaluate the effects of SPIT® and SPIN, on the oligochaete <em>Eisenia fetida</em>, and the arthropod <em>Folsomia candida</em>. For this, natural soil was spiked with environmentally relevant concentrations (0.00–1.49 mg of the active ingredient·kg⁻¹ of dry soil) to assess avoidance behaviour in <em>E. fetida</em> and reproduction effects on both species. Further, in <em>E. fetida</em> adults exposed for 2- and 28-day biomarkers of oxidative stress, energetic reserves, neurotoxicity and genotoxicity were evaluated. A significant reduction in juvenile production for <em>F. candida</em> was observed for SPIT® at ≥0.66 mg kg⁻¹ and SPIN at ≥0.13 mg kg⁻¹, and although no effect was observed on <em>E. fetida</em> reproduction, the oligochaeta revealed a tendency to avoid soil spiked with SPIT® at 0.44, 0.66 and 1.49 mg kg⁻¹. The sub-individual responses of <em>E. fetida</em> demonstrate genotoxicity upon exposure to SPIT® and SPIN for 2 days. The 2-day exposures of SPIT® and SPIN seem to induce defence mechanisms, and in general, SPIN exerted higher effects than SPIT® on the oligochaetes. Overall, the pro-oxidant performance and energy metabolism pathways were disrupted in both exposures to SPIT® and SPIN. The results suggest that spinosyns-based products can have an impact on soil arthropods <em>F. candida</em> and oligochaete's health, possibly affecting their essential functions in terrestrial ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 110056"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142496552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of microplastics exposure on quail's hypothalamus: Neurotransmission disturbance, cytokine imbalance and ROS/TGF-β/Akt/FoxO3a signaling disruption","authors":"Qingyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Siyuan Zheng ,&nbsp;Xiaoqing Pei ,&nbsp;Yuxin Zhang ,&nbsp;Gang Wang ,&nbsp;Hongfeng Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics (MPs) have become a major focus of environmental toxicology, raising concerns about their potential adverse effects on animal organs and body systems. As these tiny particles infiltrate ecosystems, they may pose risks to the health of organisms across diverse species. In this study, we attempted to examine the neurotoxic effects of MPs exposure on avian hypothalamus by using an animal model-Japanese quail (<em>Coturnix japonica</em>). The quails of 7-day-old were exposed to 0.02 mg/kg, 0.4 mg/kg and 8 mg/kg polystyrene microplastic (PS-MPs) of environmental relevance for 35 days. The results showed PS-MPs exposure did damages to hypothalamic structure characterized by neuron malformation, irregular arrangement and cellular vacuolation after 5-week exposure. PS-MPs exposure also induced Nissl body reduction and dissolution in the hypothalamus. Moreover, the decrease of acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity and increasing acetylcholine (Ach) indicated that PS-MPs exposure caused hypothalamic neurotransmission disturbance. PS-MPs exposure also led to neuroinflammation by disrupting the balance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) generation with reducing antioxidants indicated PS-MPs led to hypothalamic oxidative stress. Additionally, RNA-Seq analysis found that both transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling and forkhead box O (FoxO) signaling were disturbed in the hypothalamus by PS-MPs exposure. Especially, the increasing ROS led to TGF-β activation and then induced hypothalamic inflammation by nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activation. The present study concluded that oxidative stress might be an important mechanistic signaling involved in MPs neurotoxicology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 110054"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142496556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute and multigenerational effects of short-chain chlorinated paraffins on the harpacticoid copepod Tigriopus japonicus","authors":"Jihyun Lee ,&nbsp;Seong Duk Do ,&nbsp;Jae-Sung Rhee","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although the measurement of short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) in aquatic ecosystems has increased, limited information is available on their toxic effects on aquatic animals. To evaluate the harmful effects of SCCPs, we assessed their acute impact on 24-h survival and biochemical parameters, as well as their chronic effects on growth and reproduction over three generations in the harpacticoid copepod <em>Tigriopus japonicus</em>. Dose-dependent increases in mortality were observed, with an LC50 value of 74.6 μg L⁻¹ for 24 h. Acute exposure to the LC10 value for 24 h significantly reduced feeding behavior, accompanied by a notable decrease in acetylcholinesterase enzymatic activity. Simultaneously, the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species increased, along with elevated malondialdehyde contents. Glutathione level was increased by the LC10 value of SCCPs with the induction of enzymatic activities of antioxidant defense components, including glutathione <em>S</em>-transferase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase. When <em>T. japonicus</em> was continuously exposed to 1/10 of the NOEC and NOEC values for 12 days across three generations (F0–F2), growth retardation was observed in the F2 generation, with delay in the developmental periods from nauplius to adult. Although the total number of nauplii per brood was not significantly altered across generations, a significant delay in the onset of reproduction was observed in the F2 generation. Our findings suggest that even sublethal concentrations of SCCPs can negatively affect the health of copepod populations with consistent exposure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 110055"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142496540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the chronic toxicity of climbazole to Daphnia magna: Physiological, biochemical, molecular, and reproductive perspectives","authors":"Donglin Yuan ,&nbsp;Bangjun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The widespread use of climbazole (CBZ) has led to its increased presence in aquatic environments, potentially threatening freshwater ecosystems. However, evidence regarding the harmful effects of CBZ on aquatic organisms remains limited. In this study, <em>Daphnia magna</em> was exposed to CBZ at concentrations of 0, 0.2, 20, and 200 μg/L for 21 days to evaluate its chronic toxicity through assessment of life-history traits, physiological parameters, biochemical analyses, and gene expression. The results indicated that CBZ exposure delayed the days to the first brood, reduced the frequency of molting per adult, decreased the offspring number at first brood, diminished the body length, and decreased both the total number of broods per female and the total number of offspring per female. Additionally, CBZ inhibited the swimming speed, filtration rate, and ingestion rate. Moreover, CBZ altered the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH), while increasing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Gene expression analysis revealed varied responses in mRNA levels related to metabolic detoxification (<em>cyp360a8</em>, <em>gst</em>, and <em>p</em>-<em>gp</em>), digestive enzymes (<em>α</em>-<em>amylase</em>, <em>α</em>-<em>esterase</em>, and <em>trypsin</em>), energy (<em>ak</em>), oxygen transport (<em>dhb</em>), and reproduction (<em>nvd</em>, <em>cyp314</em>, <em>ecr</em>, <em>vtg</em>, and <em>jhe</em>) following CBZ exposure. These results indicate that the presence of CBZ in aquatic environments can induce toxicity by altering energy acquisition, supply, and metabolism; impairing metabolic detoxification pathways; eliciting oxidative stress; and causing reproductive toxicity in <em>D. magna</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 110061"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142496551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated temperature increases the susceptibility of D. magna to environmental mixtures of carbamazepine, tramadol and citalopram","authors":"András Ács ,&nbsp;János Schmidt ,&nbsp;Zoltán Németh ,&nbsp;István Fodor ,&nbsp;Anna Farkas","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The joint risks assessment of thermal stress and rising loads of pharmaceuticals (PhACs) in surface waters is a relevant topic in aquatic ecotoxicology. This study investigated the relevance of increased water temperature to alter the acute toxicity of environmentally relevant carbamazepine (CBZ), citalopram (CIT) and tramadol (TRA) concentrations as mixtures (ECs) and delayed outcomes in <em>Daphnia magna</em>. Responses of detoxification and antioxidant pathways in premature daphnids post an acute 24 h (pulsed) exposure to the PhACs mixtures and delayed responses as the reproductive output over 14 days recovery were investigated under 21- and 26 °C incubation. Biphasic modulation in glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity and significant inhibition of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were observed in both thermal regimes with significant shift in effective thresholds from 10-fold ECs at 21 °C to ECs at 26 °C incubation. Significant induction in catalase (CAT) activity and oxidative stress development were recorded at elevated temperatures from the 10-fold ECs dose onward. Pulsed exposures at 26 °C also led to significant decrease in the reproduction of daphnids above the 10-fold ECs of PhACs. The Integrated Biomarker Response scoring (IBRv2) approach outlined a 1.8-fold increase in alterations of daphnids exposed to 100-fold ECs of PhACs at 26 °C.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 110052"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142496553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Embryonal exposure to 4-methylbenzylidene camphor induces reproduction impairment in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio)","authors":"Ved Prakash ,&nbsp;Mohammad Imran Ansari ,&nbsp;Shwetha Singh Chauhan ,&nbsp;Ramakrishnan Parthasarathi ,&nbsp;Sadasivam Anbumani","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated how early exposure to xenobiotics can lead to disease in adulthood, which is challenging for toxicologists. We employed a ‘cradle to grave’ approach using zebrafish (<em>Danio rerio</em>) embryos exposed to 4-methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC), a commonly used organic UV filter. Molecular docking and simulation studies confirmed the predictive toxicity and stable interaction of 4-MBC with androgen and estrogen receptors, with binding energies of −9.28 and −9.01 kcal/mol, respectively. Exposure to 4-MBC at 5, 50, and 500 μg/L concentrations resulted in significantly altered transcriptional and translational responses of <em>ar</em>, <em>esr1</em>, and <em>vtg1</em> genes in embryos at 120 h post-fertilization (hpf). The exposure induced a non-monotonic dose-response pattern (NMDR), a characteristic feature of endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Additionally, a significant decrease in fertilization was observed in adults. Although fecundity was not affected in inter- and intra-breeding performances, developmental deformities were observed in F1 progenies with impaired survival at 10 days post-fertilization. The findings of this study show that embryonic exposure to 4-MBC is likely to induce reproductive and transgenerational toxicity in <em>D. rerio</em> and exhibit endocrine disruption in aquatic non-target organisms. This work is the first to elucidate the low-level long-term effects of 4-MBC from the embryonic stage to adulthood.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 110051"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142459885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single and combined effects of phenanthrene and cadmium on oxidative stress and detoxification related biomarkers in clams (Meretrix meretrix)","authors":"Yuanyuan Jing,&nbsp;Tianwen Zhang,&nbsp;Fanguang Hu,&nbsp;Guangbin Liu,&nbsp;Ming Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biomarkers concerning antioxidant reactions and detoxification metabolics were evaluated in <em>Meretrix meretrix</em> exposed to cadmium (Cd, 10 μg/L) and phenanthrene (PHE, 100 μg/L) individually and in combination (10 μg/L Cd + 100 μg/L PHE) for 7 days. The accumulation of Cd and PHE measured in the digestive gland, gill, mantle, and axe foot of the clam showed significant increase in combination treatment and it was higher than the single Cd or single PHE treatment. The activities of oxidative stress-related enzymes, the expression of <em>Cu</em>/<em>Zn SOD</em>, and the content of MDA increased after Cd and PHE exposure in the digestive gland and gill at most cases. In the digestive gland, <em>CAT</em> gene expression was significantly induced in Cd-single group and significantly inhibited in PHE-single group and Cd-PHE mixed group at both day 3 and day 7; in the gill, <em>CAT</em> gene expression was significantly inhibited in all groups at day 3 and except for Cd-single group at day 7. <em>MT</em> expression was significantly induced in Cd-single and Cd-PHE mixed groups at day 7, while <em>hsp70</em> expression was significantly inhibited in PHE-single and Cd-PHE mixed groups at day 7. The results indicated that SOD, CAT, GST, MDA, <em>Cu/Zn SOD</em>, <em>CAT</em>, <em>MT</em> and <em>hsp70</em> were sensitive to cadmium and PHE in a water environment, and can be used as indicators of marine heavy metal pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 110050"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142388707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}