Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology最新文献

{"title":"A time-dependent interactive effect of nitrite and ammonia on inflammatory and immune response in the head kidney of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)","authors":"Yiwen Li ,&nbsp;Honghui Guo ,&nbsp;Hen Ge ,&nbsp;Hang Sha ,&nbsp;Yidi Wu ,&nbsp;Guiwei Zou ,&nbsp;Hongwei Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110078","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110078","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitrite and ammonia stress frequently have harmful effects on aquatic animals. However, the effect of ammonia combined with nitrite on immunity is unclear. Aimed to determine their interactive effect on head kidney, silver carp were exposed to ammonia (15 mg/L), nitrite (10 mg/L), or ammonia+nitrite (15 mg/L + 10 mg/L), and control conditions for 48 h. The results showed that exposure to nitrite and ammonia caused loss of cytoplasm and vacuolar degeneration of cells in head kidney. Following exposure to nitrite and ammonia, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels decreased significantly, while immunoglobulin M (IgM) and complement 3 (C3) levels increased significantly (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Additionally, TNF-α and C3 were significantly affected synergistically by 24 h of exposure to ammonia+nitrite, while significantly antagonistic effect on IL-1β and C3 was observed after 48 h of exposure. After 48 h of exposure, differently expressed genes (DEGs) induced by ammonia, nitrite, and their combination were mainly assigned to molecular function and biological process, and complement and coagulation cascade pathway was enriched with the highest number of immunity-associated DEGs. Integrated biomarker response (IBR) in nitrite group was higher than that in ammonia group, and the combination of ammonia and nitrite increased and decreased the IBR induced by ammonia and nitrite after 24 and 48 h of exposure, respectively. In conclusion, the toxicities of ammonia and nitrite toward head kidney displayed inflammatory suppression and immune activation, and their had synergistic and antagonistic effects on head kidney at 24 h and 48 h, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"288 ","pages":"Article 110078"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142692804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of an organophosphate pesticide and water restriction on physiology and immunity in the passerine Zonotrichia capensis","authors":"Benjamín Corvalan ,&nbsp;Felipe Alvarez-Vergara ,&nbsp;Diego Landaeta ,&nbsp;Natalia Ramirez-Otarola ,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Sanchez-Hernandez ,&nbsp;Karin Maldonado ,&nbsp;Roberto F. Nespolo ,&nbsp;Seth D. Newsome ,&nbsp;Pablo Sabat","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change, specifically rising temperatures and increased frequency of droughts will increase the level of exposure of organisms to chemical pollution. Notably, the impact of increased frequency and duration of drought events and subsequent dehydration on pesticide toxicity remains largely unknown. We evaluated the combined effects of exposure to the pesticide Chlorpyrifos (CPF) and water restriction (WR) on the enzymatic activities of three plasma esterases (acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase and carboxylesterase), basal metabolic rate (BMR), leukocyte profile (proportion of heterophils to lymphocytes; H:L ratio), and bactericidal capacity of plasma in the rufous-collared sparrow (<em>Zonotrichia capensis</em>), a common passerine bird in Chile. The activity of the enzyme carboxylesterase decreased in birds exposed only to CPF and birds exposed to both the CPF and WR. In the group exposed to both stressors, the butyrylcholinesterase activity was also reduced. The BMR exhibited an increase in both groups exposed to CPF, with a higher rise observed in the group exposed to both CPF and WR, while the group subjected to WR showed no change. The bactericidal capacity of the plasma decreased significantly in birds exposed to CPF and in those exposed to both the pesticide and WR, while a marginal effect was observed in the group only subjected to WR. The H:L ratio increased in all groups, with the most pronounced effect in birds exposed to both stressors. These results suggest a shift in the energy budget of <em>Z. capensis</em>, favoring the detoxification of the pesticide through esterase activities, at the expense of reduced immunocompetence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"288 ","pages":"Article 110076"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142686199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative transcriptome analysis of gill tissue response to hypoxia stress in the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis)","authors":"Xue Chen ,&nbsp;Yulin Bai ,&nbsp;Junlei Ma ,&nbsp;Anqi Wang ,&nbsp;Dongpo Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110081","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110081","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Crustaceans often encounter the occurrence of various hypoxic situations, and in order to cope with this situation, they have evolved a series of antioxidant defenses against hypoxic stress. The present study was conducted to investigate the physiological and molecular regulation of hypoxic stress in the Chinese mitten crab (<em>Eriocheir sinensis</em>). We used the method of reducing dissolved oxygen in water to treat the juvenile <em>E. sinensis</em> with hypoxia. The results showed that total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, catalase and malondialdehyde contents in the gills of juvenile crabs were significantly elevated under hypoxia. In addition, gill tissues from normoxic control (NC), hypoxia-sensitive (HS) and hypoxia-tolerant (HT) groups were analysed using transcriptomic sequencing. The results revealed that 2124, 2946 and 2309 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found in NC vs. HS, NC vs. HT and HS vs. HT, respectively. The analysis of KEGG pathway enrichment indicated DEGs were predominantly enriched in oxidative phosphorylation, adipocytokine signaling pathway, and protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum in HS vs. HT. Enrichment of the MAPK signaling pathway, apoptosis, glucagon signaling pathway, and arachidonic acid metabolism was also found in the comparisons of NC vs. HS and NC vs. HT. The DEGs in these pathways may play a key role in gill tolerance to hypoxia. These results provide new insights and references for the oxidative defense and adaptive regulatory mechanisms of gill tissues of juvenile <em>E. sinensis</em> in response to hypoxic stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"288 ","pages":"Article 110081"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142681247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective effect of a novel furan hybrid chalcone against bisphenol A-induced craniofacial developmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos","authors":"B. Haridevamuthu ,&nbsp;S. Madesh ,&nbsp;Ankit Kumar Bharti ,&nbsp;L.S. Dhivya ,&nbsp;Rajakrishnan Rajagopal ,&nbsp;Ahmed Alfarhan ,&nbsp;Kathiravan Muthu Kumaradoss ,&nbsp;Jesu Arockiaraj","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110072","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110072","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bisphenol A (BPA), a pervasive endocrine disruptor, is known to cause significant developmental toxicity, particularly affecting craniofacial structures through oxidative stress and apoptosis. A novel furan hybrid chalcone derivative, 3-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)-1-(5-methylfuran-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (DK04), specifically with a hydroxyl group for its antioxidant properties and a nitro group for enhanced electron-withdrawing ability, was evaluated for its potential to mitigate these toxic effects. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to BPA and co-treated with various concentrations of DK04. Our results demonstrated that DK04 significantly reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and lipid peroxidation, increased antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD and CAT), and restored the balance between pro-apoptotic (<em>p53</em>) and anti-apoptotic (<em>bcl2</em>) genes. Furthermore, DK04 treatment improved bone mineralization and chondrogenesis by reversing BPA-induced disruptions in osteogenic markers (<em>runx2</em>, <em>sox9a</em>, <em>bmp6</em>, and <em>mmp13a</em>). The locomotion impairments observed in BPA-exposed embryos were also ameliorated by DK04, indicating its potential neuroprotective effects. These findings suggest that DK04 offers a multifaceted approach to counteract BPA toxicity, making it a promising candidate for therapeutic intervention. This research underscores the importance of developing prophylactic compounds to safeguard health against environmental toxicants like BPA. Future studies should focus on long-term safety and efficacy in mammalian models and explore synergistic effects with other protective agents to broaden the applications of DK04 and contribute to public health benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"288 ","pages":"Article 110072"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142686201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-invasive recording of heartbeats in Danio rerio and Daphnia magna to assess the toxicity of imidacloprid and glyphosate","authors":"V.V. Krylov ,&nbsp;T.F. Lukyanov ,&nbsp;V.I. Korzhevina ,&nbsp;A.S. Machikhin ,&nbsp;A.V. Guryleva ,&nbsp;V.K. Tchougounov ,&nbsp;A.B. Burlakov","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110075","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-invasive optical registration and subsequent analysis of heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) in transparent aquatic animals have recently been proposed as convenient toxicological endpoints, well-suited for automation data acquisition and processing. This approach was evaluated in experiments involving juvenile <em>Daphnia magna</em> and zebrafish (<em>Danio rerio</em>) embryos exposed to glyphosate solutions (20 mg/L, 2 mg/L, 0.2 mg/L, and 0.02 mg/L) and imidacloprid solutions (30 mg/L, 3 mg/L, 0.3 mg/L, and 0.03 mg/L). The findings indicate that cardiac performance assessment is a promising approach for short-term toxicity evaluation. However, the sensitivity of this physiological endpoint to various external factors may limit its broader application. Results from the two model species highlight their differing sensitivities to the tested substances, emphasizing the need for thorough preliminary studies before establishing this method as a standardized toxicological tool. The potential development and improvement of techniques for assessing heart rate in zebrafish and daphnids are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"288 ","pages":"Article 110075"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142647145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to amitriptyline disturbs behaviors in adult zebrafish and their offspring via altering neurotransmitter levels","authors":"Jie Tang ,&nbsp;Anqi Liu ,&nbsp;Kun Chen ,&nbsp;Yanhong Shi ,&nbsp;Xuchun Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110079","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110079","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amitriptyline (AMI), one of the widely used tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), has become a pharmaceutical contaminant frequently detected in aquatic ecosystems. However, the impacts of AMI exposure and underlying mechanisms on fish are still limited. In this study, adult zebrafish (F0) were exposed to AMI at 0 (control), 0.8, and 8 μg/L for 14 days. Subsequently, the exposed zebrafish were paired for spawning, and their offspring (F1) were reared in an AMI-free medium until 5 days post-fertilization (dpf). This study aimed to assess variations in behaviors and neurotransmitter levels in both the F0 (at the end of the 14-day exposure) and F1 generations (at 5 dpf). As a result, waterborne AMI exposure significantly reduced the locomotor activity, frequency of body contact, and duration of chase in F0 zebrafish, and resulted in notable changes in monoamine neurotransmitter levels in their brains. Parental exposure to AMI significantly elevated the heart rate and eye movement but reduced the locomotor activity in the F1 zebrafish, also along with significant changes in monoamine neurotransmitters and acetylcholine. Furthermore, significant correlations between the changes in behavioral traits and neurotransmitter levels were identified in both F0 and F1 generations. Our findings confirm the critical role of monoamine modulation in the neurobehavioral toxicity of AMI on zebrafish and their offspring, and emphasize the importance of paying attention to its multigenerational effects on fish.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"288 ","pages":"Article 110079"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142647098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk assessment of developmental and neurotoxicity by the flavoring agent perillaldehyde: NAC (N-acetylcysteine) mitigation of oxidative stress-mediated inhibition of the Nrf2 pathway","authors":"Yue Li ,&nbsp;Manchun Yu ,&nbsp;Ying Wei ,&nbsp;Zhuoshuo Zhou ,&nbsp;Yingxue Guo ,&nbsp;Min Yuan ,&nbsp;Jiazheng Jin ,&nbsp;Jinlian Li ,&nbsp;Hongkuan Shen ,&nbsp;Dongmei Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110071","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Perillaldehyde (PAE), a prevalent flavoring agent, has raised safety concerns due to conflicting evidence regarding its toxicity. This study provides a comprehensive assessment of the developmental and neurotoxic effects of PAE in zebrafish, elucidating the underlying mechanisms of its toxicity. Results showed that PAE affected the viability and hatching rate of zebrafish at 96 h postfertilization with the 50 % lethal concentration (LC50) of 7.975 mg/L. Furthermore, exposed‌ to a non-lethal concentration of 4 mg/L PAE induced a spectrum of morphological abnormalities, such as pericardial edema, delayed yolk sac absorption, reduced body length, and microphthalmia. Behavioral observations revealed that PAE reduced motor ability, and was accompanied by an increase in spontaneous turning angle and angular velocity. Using the TG(elav13:EGFP) transgenic model, we observed the number of newborn neurons was reduced, indicating that PAE induced obvious neurotoxic effects. Additionally, this concentration facilitated the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), concomitantly decreasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes. QRT-PCR analysis revealed that PAE down-regulated Nestin and Neurogenin1 gene expression, up-regulated Glipr1a and Nox1 gene expression, and inhibited the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Notably, co-administration of <em>N</em>-acetylcysteine (NAC), an inhibitor of oxidative stress, mitigated oxidative stress levels and partially ameliorated the neurotoxicity. These findings suggest that oxidative stress is the primary mediator of PAE-induced neurotoxicity. This study provides crucial insights for the safe application of PAE.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"288 ","pages":"Article 110071"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142643382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant response fail to rescue growth of Hermetia illucens L. larvae induced by copper accumulated during long-term exposure","authors":"Huijie Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongxia Sun ,&nbsp;Lin Liu,&nbsp;Ye Liao,&nbsp;Yanxin Lu,&nbsp;Qiang Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antioxidant indices and hemocytes apoptosis in the 6th instar larvae of <em>Hermetia illucens</em>., and their correlation with larval growth were evaluated by exposing larvae to different concentrations of Cu²⁺ for 1, 3 and 5 generations. Cu²⁺ accumulated in larval hemolymph showed significant dose-dependent relationship with Cu²⁺ concentrations in diets within a generation. Larval growth was only promoted after low concentrations of Cu²⁺ exposure for 1 generation, while seriously affected after high concentrations of Cu²⁺ exposure. Though total antioxidant capacity activity in larval hemolymph in treatment groups was all higher than that in control, it was increased at lower levels of Cu²⁺, while decreased with increasing Cu²⁺ concentrations at higher levels of Cu²⁺ exposure. The catalase (CAT) activity and metallothioneins (MTs) levels were also characterized as improved at lower levels of Cu²⁺, and inhibited at higher levels of Cu²⁺ exposure. However, CAT activity and MTs levels at higher Cu²⁺ treatments were significantly lower than that in control. Apoptosis rate of hemocytes was increased with increasing Cu²⁺ concentrations. Annexin V - fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)/ propidium iodide (PI) staining was in accordance with the results exhibited in flow cytometer. Results from transmission electron microscope and comet assay further confirmed that membrane blebbing, nuclear condensation, and DNA fragmentation were gradually apparent with increasing Cu²⁺ concentration. All parameters in different generation had similar dose-dependent trends, but the effects were strongest in the fifth generation. This study indicated that at some extent growth of <em>H. illucens</em> were associated with antioxidant responses and apoptosis induced by Cu²⁺.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 110074"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142615927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms of intestinal DNA damage and inflammation induced by ammonia nitrogen exposure in Litopenaeus vannamei","authors":"Ruixue Tong ,&nbsp;Futao Jing ,&nbsp;Yaobing Li ,&nbsp;Luqing Pan ,&nbsp;Xin Yu ,&nbsp;Ning Zhang ,&nbsp;Qilong Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ammonia nitrogen, a common aquaculture pollutant, harms crustaceans by causing intestinal inflammation, though its exact mechanisms are unclear. Thus, we exposed shrimp to 0, 2, 10 and 20 mg/L NH₄Cl exposure for 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 h, and explored the intestinal stress, apoptosis, proliferation, inflammation and its histopathological changes. This research indicated that ammonia nitrogen exposure heightens plasma dopamine (DA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), norepinephrine (NE), and acetylcholine (ACh) levels, alters gene expression of neurotransmitter receptors in the intestine, triggering the PLC<img>Ca²⁺ pathway and induces endoplasmic reticulum stress. Additionally, mitochondrial fission-related genes (Drp1, FIS1) significantly increase, the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was significantly elevated in the intestine, which induced DNA damage effects and initiated the DNA repair function, mainly through the base excision repair pathway, but with a low repair efficiency. By determining the expression of key genes of caspase-dependent and non-caspase-dependent apoptotic pathways, it was found that ammonia nitrogen exposure induced apoptosis in intestinal cells, proliferation key signaling pathways such as Wnt, EGFR and FOXO signaling showed an overall decrease after ammonia nitrogen exposure, combined with the gene expression of cell cycle proteins and proliferation markers, indicated that the proliferation of intestinal cells was inhibited. Performing pearson correlation analysis of intestinal cell damage, proliferation, and inflammatory factors, we hypothesized that ammonia nitrogen exposure induces intestinal endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial fission, induces elevated ROS, leads to DNA damage, and causes inflammation and damage in intestinal tissues by the underlying mechanism of promoting apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 110070"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142615936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A metabolomic analysis on the toxicological effects of the universal solvent, dimethyl sulfoxide","authors":"Sazal Kumar ,&nbsp;Rafiquel Islam ,&nbsp;Wayne O'Connor ,&nbsp;Steve D. Melvin ,&nbsp;Frederic D.L. Leusch ,&nbsp;Allison Luengen ,&nbsp;Geoff R. MacFarlane","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is a solvent used to dissolve a variety of organic compounds. It is presumed to be non-toxic at concentrations below 1 % v/v, although several studies have demonstrated that low dose DMSO exposure can alter cellular biochemistry. This study evaluated the toxicity of DMSO at 0.0002 % v/v to the Sydney Rock oyster, <em>Saccostrea glomerata</em>, following 7d of exposure. Metabolites were chosen as the toxicity endpoints because they can be used as energy sources and counteract contaminant-induced stress. Relative to seawater controls, exposure to DMSO caused a 74 % significant change in metabolites in the female digestive gland, including decreases in most amino acids, carbohydrates, nicotinamides, and lipids. The female gonad showed a 43 % significant change in metabolites, with decreases in amino acids and carbohydrates, but increases in lipids. The male digestive gland showed a 29 % significant change in metabolites, with increases in lipids. The decline in metabolites in the female digestive gland, but not in the male digestive gland, may be due to their differential metabolic demands. Furthermore, pathway impact analysis revealed that DMSO exposure altered energy metabolism, disturbed osmotic balance, and induced oxidative stress in oysters. Because the effects of DMSO are not uniform across gender and tissue, use of DMSO as a solvent will confound metabolomic experimental results when comparisons among sexes and/or tissues are integral to the experimental design. There is a risk of incomplete dissolution of contaminants unless carrier solvents are used. Therefore, in practice, a solvent control along with a water control is recommended for experimentation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 110073"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142615918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}