International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine最新文献_第3页

Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Safety Performance: Comparing Proactive and Reactive Approaches. 白天过度嗜睡和安全性能:比较主动和被动方法。

International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Pub Date : 2020-04-01 DOI: 10.34172/ijoem.2020.1872

Vahid Gharibi, Hamidreza Mokarami, Rosanna Cousins, Mehdi Jahangiri, Davood Eskandari

{"title":"Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Safety Performance: Comparing Proactive and Reactive Approaches.","authors":"Vahid Gharibi, Hamidreza Mokarami, Rosanna Cousins, Mehdi Jahangiri, Davood Eskandari","doi":"10.34172/ijoem.2020.1872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ijoem.2020.1872","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sleep disorders and excessive daytime sleepiness negatively affect employees' safety performance.Objective: To investigate the relationship between excessive daytime sleepiness with obstructive sleep apnea and safety performance at an oil construction company in Iran.Methods: 661 employees consented to participate in this study. Excessive daytime sleepiness was measured with the STOP-BANG questionnaire and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). To determine how sleepiness would affect the studied occupational incidents, accidents causing injury and near misses, both reactive data and proactive safety performance indices were measured. Demographic and predictor variables were analyzed with hierarchical multiple linear regression.Results: Employees who met the criteria of excessive daytime sleepiness and obstructive sleep apnea had significantly poorer safety performance indicators. STOP-BANG and ESS were significant predictors of safety compliance (β 0.228 and 0.370, respectively), safety participation (β 0.210 and 0.144, respectively), and overall safety behavior (β 0.332 and 0.213, respectively). Further, occupational incidents were 2.5 times higher in workers with indicators of excessive daytime sleepiness and 2 times higher in those with obstructive sleep apnea compared with those without.Conclusion: These findings confirmed that excessive daytime sleepiness is a serious safety hazard, and that both reactive and proactive measures are important to understand the relative contribution of predictor variables.","PeriodicalId":46545,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":"11 2","pages":"95-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/de/75/ijoem-11-95.PMC7205513.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37777433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

The Coronavirus Pandemic: "The Show Must NOT Go On". 冠状病毒大流行:“演出不能继续”。

International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Pub Date : 2020-04-01 DOI: 10.34172/ijoem.2020.1979

Farrokh Habibzadeh, Tom Lang

引用次数: 10

Preparedness and Lessons Learned from the Novel Coronavirus Disease. 新型冠状病毒病的防范和经验教训。

International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Pub Date : 2020-04-01 DOI: 10.34172/ijoem.2020.1977

Sai Krishna Gudi, Komal Krishna Tiwari

引用次数: 71

Concentrations of Heavy Metals in Wastewater of One of the Largest Dentistry Schools in Iran. 伊朗最大的牙科学校之一废水中的重金属浓度。

International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Pub Date : 2020-04-01 DOI: 10.34172/ijoem.2020.1917

Hadi Ghasemi, Azadeh Masoudirad

引用次数: 1

Demonstration of Subclinical Early Nephrotoxicity Induced by Occupational Exposure to Silica among Workers in Pottery Industry. 陶艺工人职业性接触二氧化硅诱发亚临床早期肾毒性的研究。

International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Pub Date : 2020-04-01 DOI: 10.34172/ijoem.2020.1886

Basma Hussein Mourad, Yasmin Adel Ashour

{"title":"Demonstration of Subclinical Early Nephrotoxicity Induced by Occupational Exposure to Silica among Workers in Pottery Industry.","authors":"Basma Hussein Mourad, Yasmin Adel Ashour","doi":"10.34172/ijoem.2020.1886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ijoem.2020.1886","url":null,"abstract":"Background: For many years, several studies drew attention to the possible nephrotoxic effects of silica and distinct renal dysfunction involving glomerular and renal tubules in workers exposed to silica.Objective: To determine the early signs of subclinical nephrotoxic effects among some Egyptian workers exposed to silica in the pottery industry.Methods: This study was carried out in El-Fawakhir handicraft pottery area, in Greater Cairo, Egypt. The studied population included 29 non-smoking male workers occupationally exposed to silica in addition to 35 non-smoking administrative male subjects who represented the comparison group in the study. Measured urinary parameters were concentrations of total protein (TP), microalbumin (Malb), activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), γ-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), and silicon (Si).Results: Silica-exposed workers showed signiﬁcantly (p<0.05) increased levels of urinary TP, Malb, ALP, γ-GT, LDH, and KIM-1 compared with the comparison group. Among the silicaexposed group, increased urinary Si levels were positively and signiﬁcantly correlated (Spearman's ρ>0.60, p<0.001 for all variables) with the elevated urinary proteins (including KIM-1) and enzymes levels. All measured urinary parameters were positively and signiﬁcantly correlated (ρ>0.75, p<0.001 for all variables) with the duration of work among exposed subjects. No significant correlation was observed between the measured variables and the age of workers.Conclusion: There is associated subclinical glomerular and tubular affection among silica exposed workers, which is related to the duration and intensity of exposure.","PeriodicalId":46545,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":"11 2","pages":"85-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0a/84/ijoem-11-85.PMC7205507.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37777432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

The Novel Coronavirus: A Bird's Eye View. 新型冠状病毒:鸟瞰图

International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Pub Date : 2020-04-01 Epub Date: 2020-02-05 DOI: 10.15171/ijoem.2020.1921

Parham Habibzadeh, Emily K Stoneman

引用次数: 20

Metal Levels, Genetic Instability, and Renal Markers in Electronic Waste Workers in Thailand. 泰国电子废物工人的金属水平、遗传不稳定性和肾脏标志物。

International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Pub Date : 2020-04-01 DOI: 10.34172/ijoem.2020.1826

Richard L Neitzel, Stephanie K Sayler, Aubrey L Arain, Kowit Nambunmee

{"title":"Metal Levels, Genetic Instability, and Renal Markers in Electronic Waste Workers in Thailand.","authors":"Richard L Neitzel, Stephanie K Sayler, Aubrey L Arain, Kowit Nambunmee","doi":"10.34172/ijoem.2020.1826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ijoem.2020.1826","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Informal electronic waste (e-waste) recycling is an increasingly important industry worldwide. However, few studies have studied the health risks in this group of workers.Objective: To assess the associations between occupational exposures to metals and genetic instability and renal markers among e-waste recycling workers.Methods: We recruited informal e-waste recycling workers from a community in northeastern Thailand. Participants completed a questionnaire, several health measurements, and provided urine and blood samples, which we then analyzed for a number of metals including lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and manganese (Mn). Samples were analyzed for a marker of RNA and DNA damage (ie, oxidative stress), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and fractional excretion of calcium (FECa%) were measured as markers of renal function. Correlations and regression models were used to assess associations between these various factors.Results: We found significantly higher levels of Cd and Pb in blood of men compared with those in women. Men who worked >48 hours/week had significantly higher levels of 8-OHdG compared with men who worked ≤48 hours/week. Smoking was significantly associated with higher blood Pb and Cd concentrations among men.Conclusion: Our results suggest gender differences in both blood concentrations of metals associated with e-waste recycling and smoking and highlight potentially elevated oxidative stress associated with longer work hours. Health promotion efforts are needed among informal e-waste recyclers to reduce possible risks of renal damage and cancer.","PeriodicalId":46545,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":"11 2","pages":"72-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/62/3e/ijoem-11-72.PMC7205511.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37776469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Occupational and Environmental Health Benefits of Smoking ban not yet Arrived in Austrian Youth 禁止吸烟对职业和环境健康的好处尚未体现在奥地利青年身上

International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Pub Date : 2020-02-25 DOI: 10.14302/issn.2690-0904.ijoe-20-3205

J. Berger, M. Neuberger

{"title":"Occupational and Environmental Health Benefits of Smoking ban not yet Arrived in Austrian Youth","authors":"J. Berger, M. Neuberger","doi":"10.14302/issn.2690-0904.ijoe-20-3205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14302/issn.2690-0904.ijoe-20-3205","url":null,"abstract":"The aim was to record the smoking behaviour of 13- to 16-year-old Austrian pupils and to investigate changes in smoking behaviour following amendments of legislation and gender-specific differences.\u0000\u0000The survey took place in Vienna, Lower Austria, Burgenland, Styria and Carinthia and was conducted at eight different school types. The data was collected by means of a questionnaire in a group setting at the beginning of a school lesson. The completion of the questionnaire was anonymous. 95,1% of the returned questionnaires could be used for this study, yielding data from a total of 1029 young people for analysis.\u0000\u000038.4% of the participants stated that they had at least once consumed tobacco or related products, with girls having tried them more often (41,6%) than boys (34,9%) (p = .028). At the time of the study, 3,3% used tobacco daily and 4,6% several times a week; thus 7,9% smoke regularly. Although friends or family are the most popular type of acquisition for girls and boys, girls buy their tobacco products from vending machines (11,6%) much more frequently than boys (6,0%) (p = .014) and prefer normal cigarettes (p < .001).\u0000\u0000The results of this study show that while the number of adolescents who smoke daily is decreasing, the number of occasional smokers is increasing. Already 38,4% of the 13 to 16-year olds have had some experience consuming tobacco. Austria must take the measures recommended by the WHO to reduce the smoking prevalence and protect minors from the health damage caused by tobacco smoke.","PeriodicalId":46545,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":"68 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77147291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Barriers and Solutions to the Inclusion of Broader Benefits in Biopharmaceutical Value Assessments. 在生物制药价值评估中纳入更广泛利益的障碍和解决方案。

International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Pub Date : 2020-02-01 DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001741

D. Wamble, M. Ciarametaro, R. Dubois

{"title":"Barriers and Solutions to the Inclusion of Broader Benefits in Biopharmaceutical Value Assessments.","authors":"D. Wamble, M. Ciarametaro, R. Dubois","doi":"10.1097/JOM.0000000000001741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000001741","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVES\u0000Evaluate how institutional barriers prevent the inclusion of broader individual and societal benefits associated with new health care innovations from being considered when assessing the value of medical treatments and making health care coverage determinations.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000A survey of health insurance providers, pharmacy benefit managers, employee benefit consultancies, and employer group representatives in the US queried respondents' opinions regarding the feasibility of evaluating indirect treatment benefits in four domains: absenteeism, presenteeism, caregiver burden, and quality of life.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Inclusion of indirect benefits (including absenteeism and presenteeism) in the assessment of a treatment's value was of low importance to payers, but higher importance to employer stakeholders.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Therapies that improve physical or mental function accrue benefits both directly and indirectly and can only be adequately assessed if measurement standards for indirect benefits and quantifiable measures are established.","PeriodicalId":46545,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85944218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preadmission exposure to air pollution and 90-day mortality in critically ill patients: A retrospective study. 危重病人入院前空气污染暴露与90天死亡率的回顾性研究

International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Pub Date : 2020-02-01 DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001743

Chami Im, Dong Hyun Kim, T. Oh

引用次数: 1