Social Science History最新文献_第8页

Strategic Realism, not Optimism: Bayesian and Indigenous Perspectives on the Democratizing Petition 战略现实主义，而非乐观主义：民主化请愿的贝叶斯和本土视角

IF 0.8 3区历史学

Social Science History Pub Date : 2022-11-10 DOI: 10.1017/ssh.2022.37

D. Carpenter

引用次数: 0

Daniel Carpenter’s Democracy by Petition: A Symposium Introduction 丹尼尔·卡彭特的请愿民主：研讨会简介

IF 0.8 3区历史学

Social Science History Pub Date : 2022-11-10 DOI: 10.1017/ssh.2022.36

R. Lieberman

引用次数: 1

The Wrong Poster Child for Legislative Paralysis: Salvador Allende and Legislative Output in Chile, 1932–1973 立法瘫痪的错误海报儿童：萨尔瓦多·阿连德与智利的立法产出，1932-1973

IF 0.8 3区历史学

Social Science History Pub Date : 2022-11-10 DOI: 10.1017/ssh.2022.28

Patricio D. Navia, Rodrigo Osorio

{"title":"The Wrong Poster Child for Legislative Paralysis: Salvador Allende and Legislative Output in Chile, 1932–1973","authors":"Patricio D. Navia, Rodrigo Osorio","doi":"10.1017/ssh.2022.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2022.28","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Conflicts resulting from the dual legitimacy problem of presidential systems (where the president and the legislature are elected by different majorities) sometimes result in legislative gridlock – a point made by those who criticize the alleged perils of presidentialism. The socialist government of Salvador Allende (1970–73), that ended with the breakdown of democracy, is often used as a poster child for legislative gridlock. With information on the 23,798 bills and 12,809 laws enacted in Chile between 1932 and 1973, we compare the passage of legislation in eight presidential terms and demonstrate that not to be the case. Legislative output showed an upward trend after the 1943 constitutional reform but was on a downward trend since the mid-1960s, before the 1970 constitutional reform restricted the scope of bills that legislators could introduce. Under Allende, while 1653 bills were introduced (438 of which were presidential bills), 642 laws were passed (38.8% and 68.2%, respectively) – compared to 53.8% and 39.9% for all presidents in the period, respectively. The evidence does not justify the claim that there was legislative gridlock under Allende. Instead, variations in legislative output across presidential terms in Chile can be explained by changes in the rules of the legislative process.","PeriodicalId":46528,"journal":{"name":"Social Science History","volume":"47 1","pages":"41 - 66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49304583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Taming Violence: The Shanghai Green Gang and its Self-Legitimation Claims in the Early Twentieth Century 驯服暴力:二十世纪初上海绿帮及其自我合法化诉求

IF 0.8 3区历史学

Social Science History Pub Date : 2022-10-26 DOI: 10.1017/ssh.2022.42

Wei Luo

引用次数: 0

Attaining Autonomy in the Empire: French Governors between 1860 and 1960 在帝国中获得自治:1860年至1960年间的法国总督

IF 0.8 3区历史学

Social Science History Pub Date : 2022-10-18 DOI: 10.1017/ssh.2022.20

Scott Viallet-Thévenin, Cédric Chambru

{"title":"Attaining Autonomy in the Empire: French Governors between 1860 and 1960","authors":"Scott Viallet-Thévenin, Cédric Chambru","doi":"10.1017/ssh.2022.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2022.20","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article presents a study of the careers of French colonial governors between 1830 and 1960. We consider empires as the by-product of social entities structuring themselves. Specifically, we analyze the process of the emergence of this professional group with respect to other professional groups within the imperial space and the French metropolitan space, building on the concept of linked ecologies. Using data on the career of 637 colonial governors between 1830 and 1960, we examine how variations in the recruitment of these senior civil servants actually reflect the professionalization of this group. We rely on an optimal matching technique to distinguish typical sequence models and identify nine common career trajectories that can be grouped into four main clusters. We further compare the share of each cluster in the population of governors over time and show that the rise of the colonial cluster during the Interwar period corresponded to the peak of the administrative autonomy in the colonial space. We argue that this process is consistent with the professionalization of the governors’ corps, which is embodied by a common career within the colonial administration and a collective identity as a group.","PeriodicalId":46528,"journal":{"name":"Social Science History","volume":"46 1","pages":"831 - 859"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42391573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Summary of Living on the Edge: An American Generation’s Journey Through the Twentieth Century 《生活在边缘》综述：二十世纪美国一代的历程

IF 0.8 3区历史学

Social Science History Pub Date : 2022-10-18 DOI: 10.1017/ssh.2022.21

R. Settersten, G. Elder, Lisa D. Pearce

{"title":"Summary of Living on the Edge: An American Generation’s Journey Through the Twentieth Century","authors":"R. Settersten, G. Elder, Lisa D. Pearce","doi":"10.1017/ssh.2022.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2022.21","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Living on the Edge: An American Generation’s Journey through the Twentieth Century (University of Chicago Press, 2021) tells the story of the rarely studied 1900 generation, from their social origins to their old age, as they coped with and adapted to the revolutionary changes of the last century. Using longitudinal data from the Berkeley Guidance Study, the authors followed 420 parents (210 couples) born between 1885 and 1908, all of whom had children born in Berkeley between 1928–29. The analyses, which often challenge conventional wisdom, reveal their status as a “hinge generation,” or bridge, between past and present in their educational, work, and family experiences. Following highlights from the authors, four scholars offer critical commentary on the book. Matt Nelson addresses challenges related to analyzing kinship networks and patterns of economic assistance across the Great Depression era, pointing to measurement limitations that obscure important forms of aid. Kelly Condit-Shrestha raises concerns related to race and ethnicity, especially the absence of Black, American Indian, Chinese, Japanese, and Hispanic persons in the original study, as well as to westward migration, American Empire, and white-settler colonialism. Silvia Pedraza addresses crucial social class differences (middle class versus working class) in the expectations and experiences of women, calling for greater clarity in the relationship between women’s roles and notions of “respectability.” Finally, Evan Roberts takes up some of the complex methodological issues involved in leveraging historical data to understand the life course and identifying the uniquely disruptive nature of social change across generations and countries.","PeriodicalId":46528,"journal":{"name":"Social Science History","volume":"46 1","pages":"887 - 892"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49151115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Counting the carnivores: Who ate meat in Republican-Era China? 数食肉动物:共和时代的中国谁吃肉?

IF 0.8 3区历史学

Social Science History Pub Date : 2022-10-17 DOI: 10.1017/ssh.2022.17

T. DuBois

{"title":"Counting the carnivores: Who ate meat in Republican-Era China?","authors":"T. DuBois","doi":"10.1017/ssh.2022.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2022.17","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:It is commonly asserted that Chinese diets before the market and production reforms of the 1980s contained little or no meat. Yet this nearly universal assumption remains untested: Unlike other forms of material consumption, the question of meat in Chinese diets has received almost no systematic attention from historians. Focusing on the early twentieth century, this article examines who in China ate meat, and how meat consumption was shaped by regional and household patterns. It combines insights from three sorts of data. First, Japanese price surveys from the 1920s show a high degree of variation in the preference for one type of meat over others, and the price availability of meat versus wages or other food products. Second, production data, including slaughterhouse tallies and industry estimates of animal by-products show the seasonality of animal slaughter and the vast scale and dispersed geography of China’s livestock production. Finally, nutrition and diet studies from the 1920 to the late 1940s examine actual household consumption, emphasizing how social forces and cyclical fortunes shaped individual choices. The composite picture from these three perspectives confirms that China’s meat consumption was hardly inconsequential. But more than simply triangulating a result, the exercise of comparing perspectives of price, production, and nutrition also highlights the collection of survey data as a series of historical moments.","PeriodicalId":46528,"journal":{"name":"Social Science History","volume":"46 1","pages":"751 - 775"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48888386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

In America’s History, who was Respectable? Gender and Social Class in Living on the Edge 在美国历史上，谁是受人尊敬的？边缘生活中的性别与社会阶层

IF 0.8 3区历史学

Social Science History Pub Date : 2022-10-14 DOI: 10.1017/ssh.2022.24

S. Pedraza

引用次数: 1

Style Guide for Authors 作者风格指南

IF 0.8 3区历史学

Social Science History Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1111/traa.12213

引用次数: 0

1751 and Thereabout: A Quantitative and Comparative Approach to Notarial Records 1751及以后:公证笔录的定量与比较方法

IF 0.8 3区历史学

Social Science History Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.1017/ssh.2022.8

C. Lemercier, F. Trivellato

{"title":"1751 and Thereabout: A Quantitative and Comparative Approach to Notarial Records","authors":"C. Lemercier, F. Trivellato","doi":"10.1017/ssh.2022.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2022.8","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article asks a simple question that nevertheless has broad implications for historians of premodern continental Europe: What did notaries do? It answers it by applying descriptive statistics, principal component analysis, and clustering techniques to the typological distribution of all deeds preserved in the notarial collections of six French and Italian cities—Paris, Toulouse, Mende, Turin, Florence, and Livorno—for the year 1751, as well as smaller datasets for other dates and locations. The results of this analysis are surprising. In spite of a high degree of consistency in the notarial profession and terminology (a trait that facilitates our comparisons), the notarial style of each city varied greatly. Variations within a single state were sometimes greater than those across state borders. Both supply and demand of notarial services differed from city to city. Overall, our conclusions are as important as the methodology that we adopt to reach them. Our aim is to offer a replicable analysis that puts quantitative methods in the service not only of the study of a source (notarial records) that is widespread across late medieval and early modern continental Europe and its overseas empires but also of a renewed comparative social history that does not shy away from the heterogeneity of primary sources.","PeriodicalId":46528,"journal":{"name":"Social Science History","volume":"46 1","pages":"555 - 583"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47044203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1