Salud Mental最新文献

{"title":"Stressful Life Events and Chronic Stressors as Predictors of Psychopathological Conditions in the WMH-ICS Initiative.","authors":"Adam Zhang, Shelby Borowski, David D Ebert, Corina Benjet, Jacob A Holdcraft, Ronald C Kessler, Annelieke M Roest","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2026.28","DOIUrl":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2026.28","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Stressful life events (SLEs) and chronic stressors are established risk factors for psychopathology, yet their bidirectional associations with psychopathological conditions remain understudied among university students.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine whether prior lifetime psychopathological conditions predict subsequent exposure to 12-month SLEs and current chronic stressors, andwhether these stressors predict 12-month onset and persistence of psychopathological conditions among incoming university students.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data were from the World Mental Health International College Student Initiative. Web-based surveys at 77 universitiesin 18 countries assessed prior lifetime psychopathological conditions, SLEs, chronic stressors, mental disorders, non-suicidal self-injury, and suicidal thoughts and behaviors among first-year students (n=60,673).Poisson regression models estimated reciprocal associations of stressors with prior psychopathological conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exposure to recent stressors was highly prevalent: 72.9% reported one or more 12-month SLEs, and 46.1% reported one or more current chronic stressors. Relationships of psychopathological conditions with stressors were largely positive and reciprocal. Population-attributable risk proportions (PARPs)for stressors predicting lifetime first onsets of psychopathological conditions occurring in the 12 months before the survey were 17.0-35.8% across conditions for SLEs, 10.9-34.9% for chronic stressors, and 29.9-51.4% for either SLEs or chronic stressors. Comparable PARPs predicting 12-month persistence of psychopathological conditions were 3.8-30.0% across conditions for SLEs, 5.8-22.0% for chronic stressors, and 10.1-44.6% for eitherSLEs or chronic stressors.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight the prevalence of stressors among university students and suggest that prevention and early intervention efforts should focus on reducing exposure to these stressors and/or their psychological effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":"49 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13556356/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148921228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Associated with Interpersonal Violence and Depression Symptoms in Adolescent Students from Jalisco during the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Evangelina Díaz Andrade, Rosibel Rodríguez Bolaños, Anabel Rojas Carmona, Paula Ramírez Palacios, Edna Arillo Santillán, Inti Barrientos Gutiérrez, Dèsirée Vidaña Pérez, James F Thrasher","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.029","DOIUrl":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Violence is a major public health problem, which increased during the Covid-19 pandemic, affecting the physical and mental development of adolescents.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze factors associated with interpersonal violence and depressive symptoms in adolescent students in the South of Jalisco.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were drawn from an online survey of 3,046 adolescents (12-19 years) conducted between September and December 2021. The Beck Depression Inventory was used to assess depressive symptoms. Self-report of neglect, physical, psychological, sexual, and digital violence in the previous 12 months were analyzed. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models explored factors associated with depression and violence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 28.8% of the sample reported depressive symptoms, 46.9% physical violence, 42.7% psychological violence, 34.9% neglect, 12.3% digital violence, and 5.2% sexual violence. The odds of depression were higher for those who experienced physical violence (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=1.3 CI95% [1.1-1.6]), psychological and (aOR=4.1 CI95% [3.4-5.1]), digital violence (aOR=2.0 CI95% [1.5-2.5]); and neglect (aOR=1.6 CI95% [1.3-1.9]). Grils and adolescents aged 15-19 years, had higher odds of experiencing sexual, digital, and psychological violence. Poor school performance was associated with lower odds of reporting neglect (aOR=0.6 CI95% [0.5-0.8]) and sexual violence (aOR=0.5 CI95% [0.3-0.8]), while being employed was associated with reporting higher odds of physical violence (aOR=1.5 CI95% [1.3-1.8]) and neglect (aOR=1.3 CI95% [1.1-1.5]). Greater use of social networks and videogames was associated with higher odds of physical, psychological, and digital violence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is necessary to implement comprehensive public programs and policies to address violence and implement intersectoral social intervention strategies in mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":"47 5","pages":"249-257"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12345613/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144849329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Crucial Intersection: Understanding Obesity, Mental Health, and Weight Stigma in Mental Health Care","authors":"Ximena Ramos Salas, Héctor Pérez Esquivias","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.019","url":null,"abstract":"The link between obesity and mental health is complex and often overlooked (Sharma, 2012). Although, there are many gaps in the literature, there is an understanding that a bi-directional relationship between obesity and mental health exists (Taylor et al., 2020). On the one hand, some individuals with obesity present with a wide range of mental health conditions, which can promote weight gain and act as significant barriers to obesity treatment (Taylor et al., 2012). On the other hand, studies indicate that some patients with mental illness have higher rates of obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes than the general population (Taylor et al., 2008).","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":"47 4","pages":"147-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147915046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical practice stressors and anxiety in nursing students during COVID-19","authors":"Nancy Griselda Pérez Briones, Karla Rosales Vázquez, B. J. Lara Reyes, Dafne Astrid Gómez Melasio, Anahí Ruiz Lara, P. E. Trujillo Hernández","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2023.037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2023.037","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The suspension of clinical practices in the nursing profession during COVID-19 generated a decrease in the students՚ abilities and skills which made them vulnerable to more frequent to clinical practice stressors and levels of anxiety. Objective. To determine the relation between clinical practice stressors and anxiety levels in nursing students during COVID-19. Method. A descriptive correlational study with convenience sampling was carried out in 169 students enrolled from third to eight semesters in a public university in the city of Saltillo, Coahuila. For the measurement of variables a sociodemographic data card, the KEZKAK Questionnaire in its Spanish version to measure the clinical practice stressors and the Beck Anxiety Inventory were used. Data collection was through a digital link during August-December 2021. Descriptive and inferential statistics were sued through SPSS V.26. Results. 57.4% reported a medium level of stress and 62.7% a low level of anxiety; however, there are stressors from clinical practice that lead to increased anxiety. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between the study variables (r = .411, p#abr#.001). Discussion and conclusion. The challenges in clinical practice experienced during COVID-19 highlight that generations of future nursing professionals face a scenario that is the product of a post-pandemic era, so it is necessary to strengthen their knowledge and confidence to motivate them to feel safe within the hospital context.","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139298019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of suicide mortality in Mexican young people (ages 15-29) from 1990 to 2020","authors":"H. Ortiz-Pérez, Enrique Bravo-García, José Samuel Bravo-García","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2023.038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2023.038","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. In 2020, suicide was the third leading cause of death in Mexico among young people ages 15 and 29, accounting for 43.0% of all suicides in the country, making it a major public health issue. Objective. To explore changes in the geographic distribution of suicide rates by state and to analyze the magnitude, distribution, and pattern of suicide mortality in young Mexicans ages 15 to 29 between 1990 and 2020. Method. Descriptive, ecological time-series study, based on official information. Standardized mortality rates were calculated using information on deaths (INEGI) and population estimates (CONAPO). The magnitude, distribution, and patterns of suicide mortality at the national level and by state were analyzed using the Joinpoint segmented regression model. Results. From 1990 to 2020, suicide mortality in young people increased by 198% and was higher in women (285%) than men (178%). The states with the highest suicide mortality rates from 2016 to 2020 were Chihuahua (18.5 suicides/100,000 young people ages 15-29), Aguascalientes (16.6), Yucatán (14.4), Guanajuato (14.1), and San Luis Potosí (12.9), accounting for 23.0% of total suicide deaths. Discussion and conclusion. The study of mortality trends could contribute to the management of a national suicide prevention strategy in young Mexicans, providing support for public health decision-making, such as the identification of the states and regions that should be prioritized.","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":"186 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139292247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emotional distress and self-care during the COVID-19 pandemic in women from an indigenous migrant cultural collective in Mexico City","authors":"Leticia Vega, Rafael Gutiérrez, Sandra Guadalupe Padilla Morales, Sayra Citlali Aguilar Simón","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2023.040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2023.040","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. During the coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) pandemic, restrictive measures were implemented to reduce contagion. However, severely decreasing social interaction also negatively impacted the economy, particularly that of indigenous groups. Objective. This article seeks to understand the emotional distress identified by a group of indigenous women residents, as well as their self-care practices, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico City. Method. A digital qualitative study was undertaken since the fieldwork was conducted in person and online, using various Internet platforms, which served as a field scenario, data collection tool and a means of continuous connection with subjects. Results. Anecdotal records were obtained from the subjects, who identified categorizations in the collective organization of the indigenous group, which became a support network for mobilizing official material resources. Information was also obtained on the way the women engaged in the self-care of their emotional distress in a range of ways with a sense of immediacy, through physical, spiritual, herbal, and psychological resources. They observed how women managed to cope with their situation and continue caring for and supporting their families to enable them to get by, distinguishing between those who were providers and those who were dependent on another provider. Discussion and conclusion. The pandemic, together with social restrictions, created stressful situations, causing various emotional problems among the indigenous collective. Nevertheless, their capacity for self-management and self-care enabled them to cope with these conditions in the midst of structural contexts of violence, poverty, and social exclusion.","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":"177 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139301929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of menstrual cycle on smoking cessation: A review","authors":"Mariana Núñez-Lauriano, Jennifer Lira-Mandujano, M. C. Míguez, Marcela Tiburcio","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2023.041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2023.041","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Information on the way menstrual cycle phases can influence the achievement of tobacco abstinence is contradictory. Objective. A scope review was conducted to determine the effect of the menstrual cycle on tobacco abstinence, considering the phases of the cycle, hormone levels, and premenstrual syndrome. Method. A literature search was conducted in Scopus, PubMed, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO databases. Ten articles comparing the phases of the menstrual cycle or analyzing the association between premenstrual syndrome and a withdrawal condition (length of abstinence or withdrawal symptoms) were included. Results. Two main results were identified: 1) there is no difference in withdrawal symptoms and craving between menstrual cycle phases and 2) abstinence rates in the studies were higher during the luteal phase. Discussion and conclusion. The advisability of suggesting that women wishing to quit smoking should begin to do so at the start of the luteal phrase is discussed. However, smoking cessation interventions must consider all the symptoms experienced during the luteal phase.","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139305117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reflections on the use of artificial intelligence in psychiatric diagnosis","authors":"Marcos F. Rosetti","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2023.036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2023.036","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139302601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is there interest of Mexican adults in being prepared should they develop Alzheimer’s or other dementia?","authors":"Ma. Luisa Marván, Rosa Lilia Castillo-López, Dennys Onofre-Corredor, Ingrid Vargas-Huicochea, Asunción Álvarez-del-Río","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2023.039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2023.039","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Alzheimer's disease, as well as other dementias, cause a progressive deterioration of cognitive functions, preventing patients from making decisions and having control over themselves in an advanced stage of the disease. Objective. To explore some expectations, wishes and preferences in a sample of mature adults should they develop Alzheimer or other dementia. Method. We surveyed 368 mature Mexican adults without dementia using a large survey created by the authors and used in a previous study; data were collected in some public places where mature people were invited to participate. The survey was completed from July 2019 to August 2020. Results. Although most participants had considered they might suffer from dementia in the future, less than half had communicated their wishes to their relatives about future medical treatments in case they could no longer decide for themselves; very few had prepared a written advance directive. Most participants agreed that patients should know their initial diagnosis, mainly to be able to prepare themselves. The main reason given by those who would prefer to hide the diagnosis was to avoid suffering. Discussion and conclusion. Our results highlight the need for health professionals to promote discussion with people about the possibility of suffering from dementia, as well as the importance of making decisions in advance, and letting their relatives know about them.","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139302588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mexico at the United Nations: A step forward for mental health","authors":"E. Á. Madrigal de León, Shoshana Berenzon Gorn","doi":"10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2023.035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2023.035","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46510,"journal":{"name":"Salud Mental","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139292819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}