Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia最新文献

{"title":"Challenging Paradigms and Trusting Evidence: New Approaches to Perioperative Care.","authors":"Meghan Prin, Nathan Clendenen, Hillary Lum, Miklos D Kertai, Benjamin A Abrams","doi":"10.1177/10892532221138170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10892532221138170","url":null,"abstract":"the novel perspectives on the complexities of clinical perioperative care are impera-tive. This issue of Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia (SCVA) emphasizes this ethos. Two original research studies evaluate methods to reduce the quantity of anesthetic and opioid medications needed for surgery, and a comprehensive two-part review evaluates the evidence for “ prehabilitation ” before cardiac surgery. This issue is rounded out by two systematic reviews on the use of TEE in liver transplantation, and two case reports describing the challenging management of intracardiac masses. This literature will guide readers towards a more patient-centered approach with less dependence on polypharmacy and, hopefully, optimize outcomes for cardiac surgery. This approach is all the more relevant as the population ages; surgical populations are aging faster than the general population and phrases like “ potentially inappropriate medications ” and “ deprescribing ” entered the perioperative lexicon. we the the are visible on the horizon and the of famed to The you know, the less you","PeriodicalId":46500,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9117732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prehabilitation of Cardiac Surgical Patients, Part 1: Anemia, Diabetes Mellitus, Obesity, Sleep Apnea, and Cardiac Rehabilitation.","authors":"Joshua B Knight,&nbsp;Harikesh Subramanian,&nbsp;Ibrahim Sultan,&nbsp;David J Kaczorowski,&nbsp;Kathirvel Subramaniam","doi":"10.1177/10892532221121118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10892532221121118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The concept of \"prehabilitation\" consists of screening for and identification of pre-existing disorders followed by medical optimization. This is performed for many types of surgery, but may have profound impacts on outcomes particularly in cardiac surgery given the multiple comorbidities typically carried by these patients. Components of prehabilitation include direct medical intervention by preoperative specialists as well as significant care coordination and shared decision making. In this two-part review, the authors describe existing evidence to support the optimization of various preoperative problems and present a few institutional protocols utilized by our center for cardiac presurgical care. This first installment will focus on the management of anemia, obesity, sleep apnea, diabetes, and cardiac rehabilitation prior to surgery. The second will focus on frailty, malnutrition, respiratory disease, alcohol and smoking cessation, and depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":46500,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40415768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anesthetic Management of a Large Right Ventricular Mass due to Idiopathic Hypereosinophilic Syndrome in a Patient Undergoing Cardiac Surgery, a Case Report.","authors":"Giacomo Scorsese,&nbsp;Austin Hake,&nbsp;Alexa Christophides,&nbsp;Jeremy Poppers,&nbsp;Eric Zabirowicz","doi":"10.1177/10892532221132967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10892532221132967","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular complications of hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) constitute a significant source of morbidity and mortality, with heart involvement found in approximately 40%-80% of patients. In patients with right heart failure due to an intracardiac mass, induction of general anesthesia poses numerous challenges. The effects of positive pressure ventilation on right ventricular (RV) physiology can quickly lead to precipitous cardiovascular collapse, which increases the importance of maintaining adequate negative pressure ventilation strategies. Current strategies involve awake femoro-femoral cannulation with partial vs full flow femoro-femoral cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), but both methods increase the risk of intraoperative blood loss due to systemic heparinization prior to sternotomy. In this case report, the authors describe an approach to anesthetizing a patient with severe right ventricular heart failure due to an intracardiac mass due to idiopathic HES. This approach involves femoral cannulation prior to induction of general anesthesia, airway topicalization, inhalational induction with fiberoptic intubation, and sternotomy with aortic/bicaval cannulation before paralysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":46500,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33493009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-Habilitation of Cardiac Surgical Patients, Part 2: Frailty, Malnutrition, Respiratory disease, Alcohol/Smoking cessation and Depression.","authors":"Harikesh Subramanian,&nbsp;Joshua Knight,&nbsp;Ibrahim Sultan,&nbsp;David J Kaczorowski,&nbsp;Kathirvel Subramaniam","doi":"10.1177/10892532221130922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10892532221130922","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The concept of \"pre-habilitation\" comprises screening for and identification of pre-existing disorders followed by medical optimization. This is performed for many types of surgeries, but may have profound impacts on outcomes, particularly in cardiac surgery given the multiple comorbidities typically carried by these patients. Components of pre-habilitation include direct medical intervention by preoperative specialists as well as significant care coordination and shared decision-making. In this second part of a two-part review, the authors describe existing evidence to support the optimization of various preoperative problems and present a few institutional protocols utilized at out center for cardiac presurgical care. This second installment will focus on alcohol and smoking cessation and the management of frailty, malnutrition, respiratory disease, and depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":46500,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40393640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns of Use in Transesophageal Echocardiography for Liver Transplantation: A Systematic Review.","authors":"W Jonathan Dunkman,&nbsp;Michael W Manning,&nbsp;David A Williams","doi":"10.1177/10892532221133247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10892532221133247","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transesophageal echocardiography is frequently but not always used to guide anesthetic management during liver transplantation. We performed a systematic review of the literature to identify and summarize any studies reporting on the frequency and characteristics of TEE use for liver transplantation. Studies were identified by searching several relevant terms on PubMed and citation searching of relevant reviews. We identified 5 studies reporting the results of surveys performed between 2003 and 2018. Use of TEE for liver transplantation increased from 11.3% of centers in 2003 to greater than 90% of centers by 2014 and 2018. Only 38%-56% of centers use it routinely with the rest using it only in special circumstances. About a third of centers usually perform a comprehensive exam, with the majority performing a more limited exam based on the needs of the case. Use of TEE for liver transplantation is common but not universal. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the frequency and circumstances of use, but there is an opportunity for further systematic study and discussion.</p>","PeriodicalId":46500,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33508500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Disciplinary Management and Surgical Resection of Intracardiac Fibromas Causing Bilateral Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstructions in an Infant.","authors":"Matthew L Stone,&nbsp;Megan L Albertz,&nbsp;Csaba Galambos,&nbsp;Mark D Twite,&nbsp;David N Campbell,&nbsp;Michael Di Maria,&nbsp;Brian Fonseca,&nbsp;Shelley D Miyamoto,&nbsp;Richard J Ing","doi":"10.1177/10892532221123693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10892532221123693","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiac tumors remain rare in children with benign pathologies predominating. Indications for surgical management often result from compromised ventricular chamber size, biventricular outflow tract obstruction, impaired ventricular function, or the presence of medically refractory dysrhythmias. We present a case of a six-month-old infant with two intracardiac fibromas originating in the interventricular septum. The fibromas were causing significant biventricular outflow obstruction. The patient successfully underwent tumor resection on cardiopulmonary bypass The literature on pediatric cardiac tumors is reviewed. Multi-disciplinary medical planning is necessary for successful anesthetic and surgical treatment of this high-risk patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":46500,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40419887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology: Novel Milestone and Renewed Opportunities.","authors":"Nirvik Pal,&nbsp;Benjamin A Abrams,&nbsp;Miklos D Kertai","doi":"10.1177/10892532221121115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10892532221121115","url":null,"abstract":"As a journal focused on cardiothoracic anesthesia and solid organ transplantation, readers of SCVA are undoubtedly enthralled by recent advances in our ever-evolving fields. This year has been particularly momentous in this regard, including Griffith et al. reporting the first cardiac xenotransplantation with a genetically modified pig heart in January 2022, an incredible triumph across the fields of clinical transplantation, biotechnology, and genetic engineering. A multitude of other relevant advancements have been made recently, and this issue of SCVA is affluent in such scientific progress; 6 original research manuscripts are published in this issue, along with a review article describing the value of cardiothoracic anesthesiologists in clinical outcomes after cardiac surgery and a variety of informative clinical challenges. Ariyo et al. present a brief review of value-added care by the cardiothoracic anesthesiologist (CTA). Implementation science is defined as the complex field focusing on planning, influencing, and evaluating the adoption (or barriers) of evidence-based practices. This includes principles of bundled implementation strategies, fidelity interventions, and critical drivers of change. The authors have highlighted certain cardiac surgery areas within the purview of cardiothoracic anesthesiologists to bring a change or make a difference. Not only do we need to understand more about the inflammatory effects of cardiopulmonary bypass, cognitive effects after cardiac surgery, transfusion, and coagulation, we need to understand and eradicate the barriers, if any, to improve the overall outcomes. While scientific guidelines are the outcomes of scientific studies, catering to and addressing the local needs associated with incorporating the guidelines is the goal for implementation sciences. Cardiothoracic anesthesiologists hold that unique position, as opined by the authors. Similarly, Osman et al. present their initial experience establishing a specialized center in Lebanon for CTEPH therapy. The authors must be congratulated on their successful endeavor as CTEPH surgery remains localized to only a few highly specialized centers, even in the United States. However, diligence must be exercised to differentiate initiation vs the center of excellence status. The designation often tends to be self-proclaimed due to the high-volume center. Ideally, it should be broader and must meet specific established criteria, including but not limited to volume, outcomes, research, and services. Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (AKI) continues to be a vexing problem. Quests for reversible or modifiable risk factors persist to this day. Over time, as our understanding of AKI has improved, the definitions have evolved too—from the RIFLE criteria to the AKIN criteria to the KDIGO criteria. Per the consensus statement of the Acute Dialysis Quality initiative (www.adqi.org), the definitions for AKI, acute kidney disease (AKD), and chronic kidn","PeriodicalId":46500,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40699935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Initiating a Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension and Pulmonary Endarterectomy Program Based on a Single Center Experience in Lebanon.","authors":"Bassam Osman,&nbsp;Imad Bou Akel,&nbsp;Tamam Tulimat,&nbsp;Pierre Sfeir,&nbsp;Jamil Borgi","doi":"10.1177/10892532211066645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10892532211066645","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>In 2018, the American University of Beirut Medical Center established the first multidisciplinary Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension and Pulmonary Endarterectomy program in Lebanon. The study describes the challenges faced in establishing the program and in improving patient referral, evaluation, and perioperative care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The program establishment including the preparation phase, clinical evaluation, and team education is discussed. The implementation of the flow of patients referred to the program was established. Education regarding diagnosis and referral were provided to physicians in the community. The initial experience is described in a retrospective analysis of 4 consecutive patients who were diagnosed with CTEPH and underwent PEA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four patients were diagnosed with CTEPH had PEA performed. The mean age of patients was 64 years. The average CPB and total circulatory arrest times were 244 and 23.9 minutes per side, respectively. No mortalities were encountered perio-operatively. All patients reported significant improvement in functional capacity from NYHA III and IV to a NYHA class of I with an average PASP decrease of 59.5 ± 19.7 mmHg and mPAP drop by 30.2 ± 16.3 mmHg.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The launch of the first CTEPH and PEA program in Lebanon, with a clear framework, coupled with good surgical outcomes is very encouraging. The program offers a curative solution for CTEPH patients in the region. A clear referral process and an increase in disease and treatment awareness in the community are crucial to the future success of the program, offering a definitive treatment, and avoiding delays to surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":46500,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39851636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Value-Added Care by Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology and Impact on Outcomes After Cardiac Surgery.","authors":"Promise Ariyo,&nbsp;James H Abernathy,&nbsp;Nadia B Hensley","doi":"10.1177/10892532211048953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10892532211048953","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The medical community is increasingly aware of the need for high-quality and high-value patient care. Anesthesiologists in particular have long demonstrated leadership in the field of quality and safety. Cardiothoracic anesthesiologists can improve the quality of care delivered to cardiac patients both with anesthesia-specific practices and in a team-based approach with other perioperative care providers. Collecting large volumes of multicentered data to study, measure, and improve anesthesia care is one of the many commitments of cardiothoracic anesthesiologists to this cause. This article reviews this and other aspects of the work of cardiothoracic anesthesiologists to improve value-added care to cardiac patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":46500,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39897265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Hemodynamic Index of Post-operative Right Heart Dysfunction Predicts Mortality in Cardiac Surgical Patients.","authors":"Ziyad O Knio,&nbsp;Robert H Thiele,&nbsp;W Zachary Wright,&nbsp;Sula Mazimba,&nbsp;Bhiken I Naik,&nbsp;Matthew C Hulse","doi":"10.1177/10892532221080382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10892532221080382","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to investigate whether mortality following cardiac surgery was associated with the pulmonary artery pulsatility index (PAPi): pulmonary artery pulse pressure divided by central venous pressure (CVP), and a novel index: mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) minus CVP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective analysis investigated all cardiac surgery patients in the Society of Thoracic Surgeons registry at a single academic medical center from January 2017 through March 2020 (n = 1510). The primary and secondary outcomes were mortality at 1 year and serum creatinine increase during index surgical admission, respectively. CVP, mPAP, PAPi, mPAP-CVP gradient, mean arterial pressure (MAP), and cardiac index (CI) were sampled continually from invasive hemodynamic monitors post-operatively. Associations with mortality were tested with univariate and multivariate analyses. The relationship with serum creatinine was investigated with Pearson's correlation at alpha = .05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One-year mortality was observed in 44/1200 patients (3.7%). On univariate analysis, mortality was associated with minimums for mPAP, MAP, and CI and maximums for CVP, mPAP, PAPi, mPAP-CVP gradient, and CI (all <i>P</i> < .10). Model selection revealed that the only independently predictive parameters were minimum MAP (AOR = .880 [.819-.944]), maximum mPAP-CVP gradient (AOR = 1.082 [1.031-1.133]), and maximum CI (AOR = 1.421 [.928-2.068]), with model c-statistic = .770. A maximum mPAP-CVP gradient >20.5 predicted mortality with 54.5% sensitivity and 79.30% specificity, maintaining significance on survival analysis (<i>P</i> < .001). Peak increase in serum creatinine from baseline demonstrated a weak association with all parameters (max |r| = .33).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mortality was not predicted by the post-operative PAPi; rather, it was independently predicted by the mPAP-CVP gradient, MAP, and CI.</p>","PeriodicalId":46500,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40327312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}