Medical Humanities最新文献

{"title":"Will psychology ever 'join hands' with disability studies? Opportunities and challenges in working towards structurally competent and disability-affirmative psychotherapy for energy limiting conditions.","authors":"Joanne Hunt","doi":"10.1136/medhum-2023-012877","DOIUrl":"10.1136/medhum-2023-012877","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite sustained efforts among critically informed scholars to integrate thinking from disability studies into psychology, the psy disciplines continue to largely neglect the lived experience of disabled people and overlook disability as a form of social inequity and valued culture. In this article, I make a renewed case for integrating thinking from disability studies into psy, in particular within the psychotherapy professions and in the case of 'energy limiting conditions', a grass-roots concept that includes clinically and socially marginalised chronic illness such as Long COVID. Drawing on my experience as a disabled practitioner, and situating this within extant literature on disability and psy, I take an autoethnographic approach to exploring opportunities and challenges in bridging the interdisciplinary divide. I argue that unacknowledged institutional ableism within psy reproduces and is reinforced by physical and attitudinal barriers for disabled practitioners and service users, engendering under-representation of disability in psychotherapy professions and lacunae in disability-affirmative conceptual resources. Additionally, I propose that hermeneutical lacunae are bolstered by documented defensive clinical practices pertaining to disability. After discussing a wealth of opportunities for integration offered by disability studies, and noting the institutional failure within psy to embrace disability-related demographic and epistemic diversity, I question whether ongoing epistemic and social exclusions within the psy disciplines constitute a case of 'willful epistemic ableism'. Drawing on theorising vis-à-vis epistemic injustice and epistemologies of ignorance, I signal a form of systematic, actively maintained and structurally incentivised (motivated) non-knowing that results in collective failure among dominant groups to recognise established hermeneutical resources of the disabled community and allies. I conclude with suggestions of how this form of epistemic injustice might be mitigated.</p>","PeriodicalId":46435,"journal":{"name":"Medical Humanities","volume":" ","pages":"728-739"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141447303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"This will keep me happy for weeks\": care objects, affect and graphic medicine.","authors":"Livine Ancy A, Sathyaraj Venkatesan","doi":"10.1136/medhum-2024-012904","DOIUrl":"10.1136/medhum-2024-012904","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Looking beyond anthropocentric care relationships reveals nuanced levels of interdependence among human and non-human entities. Attention to these heterogeneous inter-relationships illuminates the subtle and visceral affective intensities among diverse participants, including humans, objects and the environment, among others. The interdisciplinary field of graphic medicine foregrounds these entanglements through comic affordances, challenging the predominant notion that care belongs only at the scale of human beings. This article analyses selected sections from graphic medical narratives such as Brian Fies's <i>Mom's Cancer</i>, Sarah Leavitt's <i>Tangles</i> and Joyce Farmer's <i>Special Exits</i> to illustrate how objects become a source of care for humans during illness, thus becoming care objects. Furthermore, using the affordances of comics, this essay examines, how the selected sections of the abovementioned graphic narratives portray the often unnoticed/overlooked affective entanglement between the sufferers and objects. In doing so, this article underscores the inter-relatedness between humans and non-human entities within the context of caregiving.</p>","PeriodicalId":46435,"journal":{"name":"Medical Humanities","volume":" ","pages":"764-769"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid performances in sport: Cybathlon spectatorship for critically imagining technologies for disability futures.","authors":"Ned Barker, Harry Parker","doi":"10.1136/medhum-2024-013031","DOIUrl":"10.1136/medhum-2024-013031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Disabled bodies have been historically marginalised in sporting arenas and spectacles. Assistive technologies have been increasingly featuring in, and changing, sporting landscapes. In some ways recent shifts have made disability more present and visible across many (para) sporting cultures, and yet sport continues to operate on a tiered system that assumes a normative able body. This paper responds to this moment by offering imaginaries of future hybrid performances that critically engage with the politics and possibilities of novel technologies in sporting arenas and their wider impact on disability futures. These were generated from a collaborative ethnography that centred on becoming spectators of the Cybathlon Games. The Cybathlon Games began in 2016 as a global event where people with disabilities compete with technologies such as Brain-Computer Interfaces or robotic Prosthesis. Our imaginings are presented as three speculative fragments in the form of pages ripped from a comic book series, <i>The In/Visibles</i> These fragments and critical reflections are grounded on themes generated through watching the Games together. The purpose of this paper is not to offer predictions or even visions of desirable futures. Rather we present future technologised sporting bodies and spectacles with a view to extend critical posthuman discussions to these arenas. Through this we highlight: (1) The <i>arbitrariness</i> of where to draw the between un/natural performances; (2) The <i>absurdities</i> of unrestricted and open use of performance technologies when hybrid forms and functions are judged through current sporting-humanist values; and (3) The need to stay <i>alert</i> to socioeconomic and political drivers of sporting and disability futures. We offer these three zones of friction to guide further research when navigating the complex and shifting relations between sport, technology and the (dis)abled body now and into the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":46435,"journal":{"name":"Medical Humanities","volume":" ","pages":"657-669"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Narrative futures of pregnancy sickness: reproduction, disability, animality.","authors":"Sophie A Jones","doi":"10.1136/medhum-2024-013032","DOIUrl":"10.1136/medhum-2024-013032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In Sarah Hall's short story 'Mrs Fox', a man wakes to find his wife, Sophia, vomiting. When Sophia's nausea continues, he imagines her wasting from a rare cancer; instead, she mutates into a fox and, after a brief captivity at their home, leaves him for the woods, only to reappear months later with a litter he claims as his progeny. Sophia's sickness is belatedly revealed as nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP), and her metamorphosis from human into fox seems to have been triggered by conception. NVP, or 'morning sickness' as it is colloquially known, tends to appear in culture as plot reveal or punchline but rarely as experience. This narrative marginalisation parallels the condition's medical status. In its most severe form, <i>hyperemesis gravidarum</i>, NVP can lead to malnutrition and other serious health complications. However, the condition often goes untreated, a situation that has been linked to cultural fears of congenital disability in the wake of thalidomide. Long assumed to derive from the pregnancy hormone human chorionic gonadotropin, NVP is the subject of new genetic research that may hold the potential for new therapeutic interventions. Yet this research may also reinforce the theory that NVP is an evolutionary mechanism designed to isolate pregnant people from pathogens during the first trimester. In this article, I draw on this context to read 'Mrs Fox' as an ironic allegory of the 'evolutionary safety net' explanation for NVP. Drawing on work at the intersection of disability justice and reproductive justice, I argue that the therapeutic futures opened up by new research into NVP spotlight the need for closer attention to narratives of gestational sickness.</p>","PeriodicalId":46435,"journal":{"name":"Medical Humanities","volume":" ","pages":"670-677"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142755538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards a transformative health humanities approach in teaching the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).","authors":"Eivind Engebretsen","doi":"10.1136/medhum-2023-012855","DOIUrl":"10.1136/medhum-2023-012855","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The adoption of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) marks a significant shift in global political agendas, emphasising sustainability in various fields, including health. To engage meaningfully with sustainability, a transformative educational approach is essential. Lange's concept of transformative learning encompasses three levels: personal and cognitive change (micro level), changes in our interactions with others and the environment (meso level) and societal changes (macro level). This paper posits that applying health humanities approaches, particularly narrative medicine, can enhance transformative education at these three levels, leading to a powerful, transformative health humanities framework for teaching sustainability and the SDGs. This interdisciplinary method, which includes reflective self-assessment, exploration of different relational perspectives and social reality comprehension, facilitates transformative learning. However, implementing this transformative strategy requires a critical reassessment of some core principles and methods within the existing health humanities paradigm.</p>","PeriodicalId":46435,"journal":{"name":"Medical Humanities","volume":" ","pages":"740-747"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141421381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards a critical posthumanist perspective on participatory design.","authors":"Tony Prescott, Julie M Robillard, Stuart Murray","doi":"10.1136/medhum-2024-013078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/medhum-2024-013078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Participatory design places a strong emphasis on human agency, user perspectives and democratic ideals of inclusivity and empowerment, and is therefore often associated with humanist principles and values. In contrast, critical posthumanism questions key humanist assumptions about the centred and singular nature of the 'human condition'. Instead, posthumanism points to the evolving and diverse lived experiences of people and how these are transformed by (and are transforming of) culture, environment and technology. In this commentary, we explore how participatory design could benefit from a posthumanist perspective that more explicitly acknowledges the entangled and interconnected nature of our technologised lives.</p>","PeriodicalId":46435,"journal":{"name":"Medical Humanities","volume":"50 4","pages":"715-716"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142923481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond wrinkles: ageing, graphic medicine, and Zidrou and Aimée de Jongh's <i>Blossoms in Autumn</i>.","authors":"Livine Ancy A, Sathyaraj Venkatesan","doi":"10.1136/medhum-2024-012898","DOIUrl":"10.1136/medhum-2024-012898","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ageing, an inevitable biological process, is often oversimplified, subjecting elderly individuals to both positive and negative sociocultural stereotypes. Elderly individuals are stigmatised as passive, suffering and asexual, while simultaneously being expected to embody an active, successful and productive approach towards ageing. Departing from these narrow perceptions, this article draws examples from Zidrou and Aimée de Jongh's graphic narrative <i>Blossoms in Autumn</i> to provide a nuanced perspective on the ageing process. Using the affordances of comics, this essay examines how <i>Blossoms in Autumn</i> addresses unarticulated aspects of ageing, including changing bodily features, sexuality and intimacy, among others. In so doing, this essay challenges the unilateral perceptions of ageing.</p>","PeriodicalId":46435,"journal":{"name":"Medical Humanities","volume":" ","pages":"748-754"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141914255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Instrumentalising the imagination: science fiction prototyping as posthumanist methodology.","authors":"Michael Szollosy","doi":"10.1136/medhum-2024-013057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/medhum-2024-013057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Imagination and narrative are of vital importance in understanding how we conceive of our potential (disability) futures, and the role technology has in shaping our realities. The concept of 'science fiction prototyping' (SFP) is not only useful for articulating how narrative can be used to foster imaginations about potential future worlds, but also for creating a methodology through which we can understand how the imagination can work as a tool for co-designing better futures. Johnson's conception of SFP (2011) serves as a useful starting place, but we need to more critically examine this (and related) conceptions. As Johnson himself admits, his is more of a 'how-to book' than a scholarly framework for research, and the key ideas that underpin his concept of SFP (eg, imagination, narrative) are underdeveloped. Most importantly, for all the claims as SFP being part of an exercise in 'future casting', the assumptions that are the foundations of Johnson's book are resolutely and obsoletely humanist, despite co-design methodologies inherently reaching for something beyond the old humanist categories. By closely recontextualising SFP and examining its ideological origins, we will find important new directions to exploit and use in our work. Specifically, we explore how a more thoroughly conceived and developed SFP methodology is a posthumanist approach to co-design that better builds on a self-reflexive understanding of how cultural imaginations and our futures both shape and are shaped by our interactions with technology. This allows us to create a better methodology for a co-design practice that is more explicitly aware of how we use narratives and talk about our futures, and helps us to bridge co-design practice with more critical ways of thinking about how posthuman imaginations (personal, social, cultural, political) are constructed and instrumentalised.</p>","PeriodicalId":46435,"journal":{"name":"Medical Humanities","volume":"50 4","pages":"717-719"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142923457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Black bodies in phenomenological bioethics: cultural othering, 'Corporeal Uncanny' and ethical quandaries of black nurses in <i>Take My Hand</i> and <i>Small Great Things</i>.","authors":"Adhitya Balasubramanian, Padmanabhan Balasubramanian","doi":"10.1136/medhum-2024-012906","DOIUrl":"10.1136/medhum-2024-012906","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aims of the present article are twofold. First, it attempts to theorise the thematic and ontological intersection between phenomenological and black bioethics and proposes 'Ontic-Black Bioethics', a neologism to evince how the corporeal misconceptions (such as race construct, bodily othering and colourism) become the cultural impediment for black women healthcare professionals. The article draws specific insights from the philosophical anthropology of race, ranging from Richard Polt to Sarah Ahmed, to understand the epistemic structures of scientific racism. Second, it investigates how the racial attitudes of white healthcare professionals and supremacist patients towards black nurses can be potential triggers of cultural othering, corporeal burden and ethical quandaries by closely reading <i>Take My Hand</i> by Dolen Perkins-Valdez (2022) and <i>Small Great Things</i> by Jodi Picoult (2016). For this, the article relies on the theoretical frameworks of cultural phenomenology and somatic attention postulated by Thomas Csordas, Philipa Rothfield and other theoreticians of varying importance. While the corporeality of black nurses is replete with the images of biological misconception and racial-cultural constructs, the epistemic perspectives and literary representations underscoring their bodily and experiential agony have been scarcely examined through the lenses of bioethics. Thus, the article construes the corporeality of black nurses as the confluence of biological and cultural discourses under phenomenological bioethics.</p>","PeriodicalId":46435,"journal":{"name":"Medical Humanities","volume":" ","pages":"720-727"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141499327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From othering to belonging: a framework for DEI history-telling and strategising.","authors":"April Edwell, Jennifer Edwell","doi":"10.1136/medhum-2023-012656","DOIUrl":"10.1136/medhum-2023-012656","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The medical profession in the USA is-and has long been-a segregated workforce. Currently, just 5.0% of all US physicians are black. Understanding the origins and mechanisms of this disparity is essential to creating a future where black healing and healers are supported by our medical system. In pursuit of this future, this article offers 'othering' and 'belonging' as frames of analysis and intervention for diversity and equity initiatives.Building on previous historical studies of racism in medicine, this project reveals how the figure of the 'American physician' was created through exclusionary/othering tactics. In part 1, we analyse antebellum historical sources to demonstrate the role of medicine in creating and promulgating racial categories and hierarchies. Next, in part 2, we explore the historical conditions that produced the American physician as a significant professional identity by analysing texts by the American Medical Association and affiliated state medical societies. Then, we turn towards solutions in part 3. To redress inequities produced by othering, particularly the continued exclusion of black people from the medical profession, we argue that medical leaders should cultivate a professional culture of belonging. As we will explain, belonging goes beyond tolerating and respecting difference; it entails shared culture, equal rights and inclusive structures.</p>","PeriodicalId":46435,"journal":{"name":"Medical Humanities","volume":" ","pages":"755-763"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141914256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}