Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy最新文献

{"title":"Spatial Analysis of Hospital Accessibility in Nanjing: The Role of Community Health Service Centers","authors":"Zhichang Cai,&nbsp;Tong Cheng,&nbsp;Ying Li,&nbsp;ChengHe Guan,&nbsp;Jiweng Tang","doi":"10.1007/s12061-024-09577-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-024-09577-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Amidst the spectrum of medical facilities, community health service centers (CHSCs) play an important role in alleviating the burden on hospitals. However, the intricate interaction between hospitals and CHSCs in accessibility analysis is often overlooked. To fill this gap, this study employs an enhanced gravity model to evaluate spatial accessibility of hospitals, focusing on both subdistrict and CHSC levels. The findings show that tertiary hospitals, providing the highest quality medical services, are concentrated in the central districts of Nanjing. Moreover, prevailing CHSC deployment plans risk an inequitable allocation of medical resources at the subdistrict level. In response, we proposed a collaborative mechanism that synergizing hospitals and CHSCs, built on a reciprocal medical alliance referral system. Specifically, our recommendations include: (1) promoting CHSCs to engage in alleviating the patient treatment load borne by tertiary hospitals in the central districts; and (2) balancing between the quality and quantity of CHSCs in the peripheral districts to increase accessibility for small-sized CHSCs in remote locations. This study contributes to the existing literature by incorporating CHSCs into hospital accessibility analysis and refining the framework for the spatial distribution of medical facility in alignment with established policies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"17 3","pages":"1081 - 1103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140590145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impacts of Visible Green Spaces on the Mental well-being of University Students","authors":"Yihang Bai,&nbsp;Ruoyu Wang,&nbsp;Linchuan Yang,&nbsp;Yantao Ling,&nbsp;Mengqiu Cao","doi":"10.1007/s12061-024-09578-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-024-09578-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The benefits of green spaces on individuals’ health have been widely acknowledged due to their inherent natural qualities. Currently, university students are experiencing significantly higher levels of mental health problems than other social groups. There is a scarcity of studies examining the association between built environment factors and mental health issues among university students, particularly in the Chinese context. University campuses in China are physically isolated, secluded communities, and in this respect, they differ markedly from the spatial organisation patterns of Western universities. Therefore, this study focuses on the correlation between the extent of green space exposure within closed university campuses and the occurrence of mental health issues among resident students. A deep-learning methodology incorporating streetscape images, remote sensing data, and multilevel linear modelling is employed in order to facilitate a comprehensive analysis. The results demonstrate a negative correlation between green space exposure on campus and the level of mental health issues among university students. Individual socio-demographic characteristics, such as whether a person has a partner, are also found to influence the level of mental health issues that they experience. In addition, a significant relationship is found between travel patterns and mental health issues, with students who walked regularly having a lower incidence of mental health issues than those who drove. Our research indicates that, in order to foster healthier communities and enhance social inclusion, urban planners should prioritise the development of greener campuses and urban transport services to improve accessibility to green spaces.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"17 3","pages":"1105 - 1127"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12061-024-09578-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140708413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why Don’t More Commuters Consider Buses for Their Work Trip?—A Geographically Weighted Segmented Logistic Regression Modelling Approach","authors":"Payel Roy,&nbsp;Karthik K. Srinivasan,&nbsp;Ganesh Ambi Ramakrishnan","doi":"10.1007/s12061-024-09576-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-024-09576-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Empirical data from several cities worldwide show that low consideration rates of bus transit constitute an important reason for declining transit mode share. This trend raises a critical question: why do not more commuters consider buses for travel? The aim of this paper is to investigate the key deterrents to bus transit consideration among commuters. Consideration refers to the decision of an individual to include a given mode in his/her choice set. Along this line, this study focuses on two important directions. The first is to gain an understanding of how the key factors and their influence on consideration propensity differ across market segments based on personal vehicle availability and accessibility. The second is to quantify the spatial heterogeneity in the influence of those key factors across geographical locations. A new geographically weighted segmented logistic regression (GWSLR) model is proposed to address these research issues. The model is developed using household survey data from a sample of work-commuters from Chennai city, India. The findings reveal that neglecting either segmentation or spatial heterogeneity cannot only result in inaccurate model predictions and inferences, but also lead to sub-optimal policy interventions. Results show that factors influencing consideration differ significantly across segments based on captivity and accessibility. Choice users within walking distance to bus stops can benefit from direct bus service, whereas those beyond walking distance prioritise first-mile connectivity. Results also highlight significant variations in the influence of different factors across locations. Improved walkability in central business districts (CBD) could increase consideration, while non-CBD areas should focus on first-mile connectivity. Finally, this study illustrates that customised policy interventions for specific segments and locations can be more effective in enhancing bus consideration than segment-agnostic or geographically uniform policies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"17 3","pages":"1043 - 1079"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140590228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gated or Ungated? A Case Study on Walkability Measurement for Urban Communities","authors":"Mengyuan Li,&nbsp;Hao Wang,&nbsp;Jue Wang,&nbsp;Hanlin Zhou,&nbsp;Dong Li","doi":"10.1007/s12061-024-09575-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-024-09575-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The walkability is closely related to the lifestyle and health of local residents. Unreasonable community design may result in spatially segregated spaces, creating walking barriers for residents and reducing walking accessibility. If a community’s physical layout can be optimized through better walking-related planning at the community level, people would be more convenient to reach more facilities with a better walking accessibility. A microscale measurement method for walkability at the community level is necessary to assist in community planning. This study developed a new measurement of walkability using a hexagon-based adaptive crystal growth algorithm and verified its effectiveness by examining the impact of gated communities on walkability. Taking three communities in Beijing as cases, this study created two kinds of accessibility planes (with-wall and no-wall) to compare changes in walkability between gated and open communities. The findings show that gate and wall removal can partially improve community walkability and that the algorithm can accurately measure community walkability in different scenarios. The proposed algorithm provides a new perspective for walkability measurements and offers a scientific tool for people-oriented community planning.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"17 3","pages":"1017 - 1041"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140752970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Housing Wellbeing and Settlement Intentions of Skilled Migrants in China: the Effects of Subjective Housing Feelings and Objective Housing Outcomes","authors":"Haitao Du,&nbsp;Mengran Xu,&nbsp;Yiqian Wang,&nbsp;Lin Chen","doi":"10.1007/s12061-024-09573-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-024-09573-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Due to a shortage of qualified professionals, many international cities have implemented a range of policies to attract skilled migrants and retain them for permanent work in destination cities, aiming to take advantage of the globalized competition. Despite being relatively understudied, the role of housing is of utmost importance, especially if skilled migrants can be attracted to work and live in destination cities permanently. This study conceptualized housing wellbeing as subjective housing feelings and objective housing outcomes, aiming to disentangle the relationship between housing wellbeing and settlement intentions. Based on the 2019 questionnaire survey in Guangzhou, this study found that skilled migrants who have become homeowners in Guangzhou have a higher propensity to settle in Guangzhou than those without homeownership. Also, this study found an inverted U-shaped relationship between the number of rooms and settlement intentions. Moreover, when the housing size per person is between 16 and 20 m², housing size per person is positively associated with settlement intentions; nevertheless, when the housing size per person is below 16 m² or above 20 m², there is nil relation between housing size per person and settlement intentions. Finally, although skilled migrants are not satisfied with the current housing situation, they are still willing to settle in Guangzhou permanently. This study has extended the knowledge of housing wellbeing and contributed to profoundly understanding the complex settlement intentions of skilled migrants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"17 3","pages":"983 - 1015"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140214327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Application of Scan Statistics in Identification and Analysis of Hotspot of Crime against Women in Rajasthan, India","authors":"Poonam K. Saravag,&nbsp;Rushi Kumar B.","doi":"10.1007/s12061-024-09572-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-024-09572-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Crime against women (CAW) is not a present-day problem but has been prevalent in the world through the ages and since the beginning of civilizations. The cases of CAW have been increasing in almost all parts of the world and India is no exception. The distribution of CAW cases has not been found uniform across the country. The evidence of heterogeneity of cases has been a concern. Rajasthan, the largest state in India, has witnessed a very high surge in CAW in recent years. Therefore, there arises a need to study and analyze the pattern of CAW to identify the areas with high intensity for prevention and control. The CAW data from the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) website for the period 2014 to 2021 and the population census data of 2011 are used for the analysis. The Statistical analysis software, SaTScan, is employed for hotspot (areas with a high concentration of crimes) detection. Python programming is used to compute the data’s trend or pattern through visualization and descriptive statistics. In addition, the simple exponential smoothing method is applied for predicting the CAW for the year 2021. Our work elucidates Jhalawar, Baran, Kota, Bundi, Sawai Madhopur, and Chittorgarh districts as consistently occurring hotspots of CAW in the state. A comparative study of the hotspots found is made with the result obtained from the descriptive analysis. The trend in the data explains the years 2017 and 2019 as trough and crest of CAW cases. The hotspot detected using the forecast value of 2021 appears to be the same districts as for the period 2014 to 2020. Our work concludes that the consistency and the most likely cluster of CAW are distributed distinctly. We also found that the hotspot of CAW is not by chance but has certain man-made reasons. Most of the clusters have been identified as districts sharing boundaries with adjacent states. This further implies that if sincere efforts to collaborate with the government of the adjacent states like Madhya Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, and Gujarat, the incidences resulting in detrimental effects due to CAW could reduce effectively and significantly. Thus, our study may help the government, law enforcement agencies, police organizations, judiciaries, and other stakeholders to optimize their scarce resources most effectively to curb such incidents.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"17 3","pages":"963 - 982"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140149292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the Structural Inequities in the Quality of Nationwide Drinking Water Data in Aotearoa New Zealand: A Geospatial Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"M. Hobbs,&nbsp;M. Puente-Sierra,&nbsp;L. Marek,&nbsp;J. M. Broadbent,&nbsp;T. Chambers","doi":"10.1007/s12061-024-09571-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-024-09571-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>High-quality geospatial data are required to examine how the places in which we reside, work and play determine health outcomes; however, seldom is the quality of nationwide geospatial data reported. We examined the quality of geospatial data of public drinking water distribution zones (WDZ) across all territorial authorities in Aotearoa New Zealand to investigate structural inequities in data quality. In our national dataset of WDZ, we identified several differences in the quality of geospatial information that are associated with the population, area-level deprivation, ethnicity and most of all urban/rural classification. Our research highlights structural data inequity, which may undermine efforts to reduce health inequity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"17 3","pages":"951 - 962"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12061-024-09571-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140003984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Housing Informality and Labor Informality in Space: In Search of the Missing Links","authors":"Gustavo A. García,&nbsp;Erika Raquel Badillo,&nbsp;Juan Manuel Aristizábal","doi":"10.1007/s12061-024-09569-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-024-09569-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper analyzes the relationship between informal housing and labor informality at the intraurban level, considering these two phenomena' simultaneity and spatial dimensions. Our analysis focuses on the context of a city in a developing country, Medellín (Colombia), characterized by significant housing precariousness and low employment quality, where space seems to play an essential role in understanding this relationship. Using data from 176 analytical regions in Medellín for 2017, we estimate a series of spatial simultaneous equation models that consider the potential cross-equation correlations in the error terms. The results show that these two types of urban informality are highly persistent in space, with noticeable spatial clusters observed in the peripheral and marginalized areas of the city. Additionally, the estimated econometric models reveal that precarious working conditions are key to explaining the spatial choice of housing and its characteristics, and vice versa. These findings emphasize the need for place-based policies that specifically target disadvantaged areas and help improve residents' working and housing conditions to address urban informality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"17 3","pages":"923 - 949"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12061-024-09569-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140431637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Analysis of Educational Inequalities and Evaluation of its Affecting Factors: the Period of Before and During the COVID-19 Epidemic in Iran","authors":"Reza Kheyroddin,&nbsp;Mehran Alalhesabi,&nbsp;Fariba Maleki","doi":"10.1007/s12061-024-09567-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-024-09567-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Different regions of Iran have suffered for a long time from spatial inequalities because of the shortage of infrastructure and educational services. Educational activities play an important role in social and economic mobility and development of regions. The closing of educational centers due to the spread of the Covid-19 epidemic affects the spatial and social inequalities of the regions in Iran. The current study aims to examine spatial inequality of educational indicators during two periods: “before” the outbreak of Covid-19 (2018) and “during” its outbreak (2021). Then the provinces of Iran are stratified in terms of educational indicators by using the combined method of TOPSIS and Shannon's entropy, cluster analysis in Spss and using ArcGis. The most important factors of educational inequality during the Covid19 period were found by using Pearson's correlation coefficient and multivariate regression. The results showed that in the pre-Covid period, the distance between the most privileged province (Bushehr) and the most deprived province (Tehran) was 4.5. This amount has increased to 5.5 during the period of Covid-19, which shows the increase of inequalities due to the conditions of Covid-19. Further investigation of the results shows that the inequality of educational indicators among the provinces of the country has a clear relationship with the changes in population movements in different regions of Iran. On the other hand, due to the digital education without need for educational space in the conditions of Covid-19, the importance of the existence of physical infrastructure has been reduced. And two key variables as population density and internet penetration rate play an important role in the provinces’ educational indicators during the period of covid-19. These results could help the spatial planning to reduce inequalities in different regions of the country.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"17 3","pages":"891 - 921"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139926960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neighbourhood Health Inequalities between Ethnic Groups in England: An Application of Ecological Inference","authors":"Peter Congdon","doi":"10.1007/s12061-024-09570-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-024-09570-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ecological inference has had primarily political science applications, but this study considers an application to assess variations in neighbourhood mental health between population sub-groups. The methodology used has particular utility when neighbourhood health data are available only in aggregate form, without disaggregation (e.g. by ethnic or socioeconomic group). The ecological inference approach is shown to provide insights into contextual effects, where neighbourhood features influence disease variations between sub-groups (e.g. the ethnic density effect on psychosis among non-white groups). The present study also highlights important issues raised by the data’s geographic framework, namely strong spatial clustering in the outcome, and compares spatial error and spatial lag methods to represent this spatial patterning appropriately. The study considers neighbourhood variations in psychosis between four ethnic groups, with a spatial framework provided by 32,844 small areas (Lower Super Output Areas, LSOAs) in England.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"17 2","pages":"847 - 866"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12061-024-09570-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139767154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}