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‘Fraternity for Frustrated Females’: The Gender Dynamics of 1970s Feminist Organising at the University of Waterloo, Canada “失意女性的博爱”：加拿大滑铁卢大学1970年代女权主义组织的性别动态
IF 0.3 3区 历史学
Gender and History Pub Date : 2023-08-07 DOI: 10.1111/1468-0424.12725
Megan Blair
{"title":"‘Fraternity for Frustrated Females’: The Gender Dynamics of 1970s Feminist Organising at the University of Waterloo, Canada","authors":"Megan Blair","doi":"10.1111/1468-0424.12725","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1468-0424.12725","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In 1970, a male student at the University of Waterloo in Waterloo, Ontario deemed the campus women's liberation group to be a ‘fraternity for frustrated females’. This perspective was commonplace at the supposedly liberal school, as male dissent against autonomous women's organising continued throughout the early 1970s. While women organised protests against sexist campus events, held consciousness-raising groups and encouraged discussion about gender roles in society, many male students turned away from women's pleas for change and were not receptive to encouraging equality on campus. This research examines the attempted involvement of male students in the women's liberation movement at the University of Waterloo and the anti-feminist rhetoric that percolated on campus. By using a micro-history of the University of Waterloo and analysing the student newspaper, <i>The Chevron</i>, it illustrates the ways in which women students organised despite backlash from male students and the daily sexism women faced on campus. It reveals the challenges women faced in gaining equality and the climate of youth masculinity in a period of tumultuous social change.</p>","PeriodicalId":46382,"journal":{"name":"Gender and History","volume":"37 1","pages":"365-381"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1468-0424.12725","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123210870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fathers in a Motherland: Imagining Fatherhood in Colonial India by Swapna M. Banerjee, New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2022, pp. xvii+317, ISBN: 9789391050245. Swapna M.Banerjee著《祖国中的父亲：想象殖民地印度的父亲身份》，新德里：牛津大学出版社，2022年，第xvi+317页，ISBN:9789391050245。
IF 0.5 3区 历史学
Gender and History Pub Date : 2023-07-27 DOI: 10.1111/1468-0424.12724
Nilkantha Pal
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引用次数: 0
Agency, the Family and the Patriarchal State in Archival Documentation of Australian Second World War Brides 澳大利亚二战新娘档案文件中的代理、家庭和宗法国家
IF 0.3 3区 历史学
Gender and History Pub Date : 2023-07-26 DOI: 10.1111/1468-0424.12720
Karen Hughes, Catriona Elder
{"title":"Agency, the Family and the Patriarchal State in Archival Documentation of Australian Second World War Brides","authors":"Karen Hughes,&nbsp;Catriona Elder","doi":"10.1111/1468-0424.12720","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1468-0424.12720","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article examines the intersecting social circumstances of Australian women's intimate, international relationships with American and other foreign allied servicemen during the Second World War, including their experiences of romance, marriage, divorce and subsequent child-maintenance USA. We explore how the widely varying, often highly personalised, perceptions of the women's raced, classed and ethnic status, across differing legal systems, could impact not only immigration eligibility, but, especially in the case of Indigenous women, the fundamental right to marry. Immigration laws and local authorities worked in discretionary ways, shaped by a range of considerations and interactions, including class, race and gender to limit non-white people's mobility and freedom. We demonstrate how this unprecedented larger-scale experience of international and interracial marriage unsettles feminist arguments that underplay the intersection of issues of race, ethnicity and class with gender in the impact of the Second World War and set the scene for subsequent social changes driven by the logics of race inequality. Enlarging on earlier scholarship, we see the Second World War as a site for the ignition of changes in women's economic, cultural and political status, related here not so much to their work experiences, but to their personal and romantic lives, and also transnational raced experiences of exclusion, agency and shared knowledges.</p>","PeriodicalId":46382,"journal":{"name":"Gender and History","volume":"37 1","pages":"299-314"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1468-0424.12720","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128877684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Widows, Violence and Death: The Construction of Imperial Identity and Memory by Women in Mourning across British India, 1857–1926 寡妇、暴力与死亡：1857-1926年英属印度服丧妇女对帝国身份与记忆的建构
IF 0.3 3区 历史学
Gender and History Pub Date : 2023-07-16 DOI: 10.1111/1468-0424.12716
Ellen Smith
{"title":"Widows, Violence and Death: The Construction of Imperial Identity and Memory by Women in Mourning across British India, 1857–1926","authors":"Ellen Smith","doi":"10.1111/1468-0424.12716","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1468-0424.12716","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article examines the work of British widows in the construction of their husbands’ memory following their violent deaths in British India, during the nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries. Exploring the collections of a military, missionary and Indian Civil Service widow, it suggests that a specifically feminised culture of mourning nurtured imperial narratives. It moves between personal correspondence, to published accounts of frontier ‘murders’, to a new understanding of South Asian ‘condolence meetings’ and resolutions addressed to British widows, arguing that women were critical to the fashioning of men's identity in death and a broader colonial politics of grief.</p>","PeriodicalId":46382,"journal":{"name":"Gender and History","volume":"37 1","pages":"167-182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1468-0424.12716","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122338013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Contesting ‘Global Sisterhood’: The Global Women's Health Movement, the United Nations and the Different Meanings of Reproductive Rights (1970s–80s) “全球姐妹情谊”竞赛:全球妇女健康运动、联合国和生殖权利的不同含义(1970 - 80年代)
IF 0.5 3区 历史学
Gender and History Pub Date : 2023-07-11 DOI: 10.1111/1468-0424.12718
Maud Anne Bracke
{"title":"Contesting ‘Global Sisterhood’: The Global Women's Health Movement, the United Nations and the Different Meanings of Reproductive Rights (1970s–80s)","authors":"Maud Anne Bracke","doi":"10.1111/1468-0424.12718","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1468-0424.12718","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The article contributes to a genealogy of the global articulation of reproductive rights principles, as established at the 1994 United Nations (UN) Conference on Population and Development held in Cairo and the UN Women's Conference held in Beijing the following year. It highlights the key role played by an emerging global women's health movement in the 1970s–80s, in shaping UN debates on family planning, women's rights in procreative choice and women's roles in socio-economic development. The article focuses on the International Campaign for Abortion, Sterilisation and Contraception (est. London 1978) and the Women's Global Network for Reproductive Rights (Amsterdam and Manila 1984; ECOSOC consultative status in 1992). Adopting an intersectional perspective, the paper highlights the local embeddedness of feminist positions, the shortcomings of Western feminism and the ways in which conflicts between women's organisations allowed for an original and evolving concept of reproductive rights to emerge. It is based on UN papers and the archives of the above organisations and family planning movements.</p>","PeriodicalId":46382,"journal":{"name":"Gender and History","volume":"35 3","pages":"811-829"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1468-0424.12718","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44730494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
‘Furnisht with such members as are after a sort burthensome unto them’: White Traveller Perceptions of Black Male Bodies and the Construction of Race, 1450–1730 “给这些人添麻烦”：白人旅行者对黑人男性身体的看法和种族建构，1450-1730
IF 0.3 3区 历史学
Gender and History Pub Date : 2023-07-10 DOI: 10.1111/1468-0424.12719
Sergio Lussana
{"title":"‘Furnisht with such members as are after a sort burthensome unto them’: White Traveller Perceptions of Black Male Bodies and the Construction of Race, 1450–1730","authors":"Sergio Lussana","doi":"10.1111/1468-0424.12719","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1468-0424.12719","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article explores how European travellers to Africa perceived African masculinity, the male body and sexuality during the period of 1450–1730. It argues that their observations helped Europeans construct early notions of racial difference at a time when skin colour was not the most important marker of difference classifying people. It draws upon a range of European accounts of their voyages and encounters with Africans from 1450 to 1730. It mostly analyses English narratives, but it also examines Portuguese, Dutch and French accounts that were translated into English at the time and read by English audiences.</p>","PeriodicalId":46382,"journal":{"name":"Gender and History","volume":"37 1","pages":"72-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1468-0424.12719","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128657584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Work, Gender and Witchcraft in Early Modern England 近代早期英格兰的工作、性别与巫术
IF 0.3 3区 历史学
Gender and History Pub Date : 2023-07-05 DOI: 10.1111/1468-0424.12717
Philippa Carter
{"title":"Work, Gender and Witchcraft in Early Modern England","authors":"Philippa Carter","doi":"10.1111/1468-0424.12717","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1468-0424.12717","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article revisits a question with which historians of early modern European witchcraft have long grappled: why was the average percentage of male suspects so small (approximately 10–30 <i>per cent</i>), and the percentage of female suspects so large? Drawing on recent studies by economic historians, it argues that this skewed gender ratio can be explained, in part, by the gendered patterns of work which obtained in early modern Europe. Focusing on England, it shows how four key variables – gender divisions of labour, occupational hazard, contact frequency and workplace sociability – combined to increase or decrease workers’ vulnerability to witchcraft accusation.</p>","PeriodicalId":46382,"journal":{"name":"Gender and History","volume":"37 1","pages":"91-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1468-0424.12717","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124548103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Essentialising Sex: Hermaphrodites and the Thresholds of Masculinity and Femininity in the Early Modern Catholic Church c.1700 性的本质化：1700年左右早期现代天主教会的雌雄同体和男性与女性的门槛
IF 0.3 3区 历史学
Gender and History Pub Date : 2023-06-29 DOI: 10.1111/1468-0424.12715
Brendan Röder
{"title":"Essentialising Sex: Hermaphrodites and the Thresholds of Masculinity and Femininity in the Early Modern Catholic Church c.1700","authors":"Brendan Röder","doi":"10.1111/1468-0424.12715","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1468-0424.12715","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article focuses on four individuals from France and Italy who were viewed as hermaphrodites and their attempts to become members of the Catholic clergy between <i>c</i>.1650 and 1720. Drawing on largely unexplored material from the archive of the Roman Congregation of the Council, this article argues that whether, and how, bodies were problematised as hermaphroditic depended on the different and changing thresholds of masculinity and femininity they were confronted with. Offering a fresh perspective on practices of constructing sex and sex difference, this article suggests that the decades <i>c</i>.1700 saw marked transformations in the defining and assigning of sex both in theory and social practice. Medical and ecclesiastical decision-makers shifted their attention from a broader spectrum of behavioural and bodily signs to the anatomy of genitalia. The trend towards heightened vigilance and intransigence towards perceived sexual ambiguity was, however, highly asymmetrical, targeting mainly individuals initially believed to be women.</p>","PeriodicalId":46382,"journal":{"name":"Gender and History","volume":"37 1","pages":"109-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1468-0424.12715","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127540271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Entering the archive of second-wave trans feminist print culture: The journal of male feminism 进入第二波跨性别女权印刷文化档案：男性女权主义杂志
IF 0.5 3区 历史学
Gender and History Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.1111/1468-0424.12703
Emily Cousens
{"title":"Entering the archive of second-wave trans feminist print culture: The journal of male feminism","authors":"Emily Cousens","doi":"10.1111/1468-0424.12703","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1468-0424.12703","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Common stories of second-wave feminism equate the period either explicitly or by reference to its presumed biological essentialism, with trans-exclusionary feminism. This article deep-dives into issues published between 1977 and 1979 of the <i>Journal of Male Feminism</i>, an underground newsletter for a predominantly North American-based male-to-female (M-T-F) cross-dressing community. It argues that these texts contain a rich set of theoretical resources and nuanced perspectives on sex and gender developed by trans people in the 1970s and therefore deserve to be read as part of an expanded canon of second-wave feminism.</p>","PeriodicalId":46382,"journal":{"name":"Gender and History","volume":"36 1","pages":"224-240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1468-0424.12703","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129700647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Women as Frontier-Makers in the Llibre dels fets of James I of Aragon 在阿拉贡的詹姆斯一世时期，妇女是开拓边疆的先驱
IF 0.3 3区 历史学
Gender and History Pub Date : 2023-06-26 DOI: 10.1111/1468-0424.12712
Emma Snowden
{"title":"Women as Frontier-Makers in the Llibre dels fets of James I of Aragon","authors":"Emma Snowden","doi":"10.1111/1468-0424.12712","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1468-0424.12712","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Much of the reign of James I of Aragon (1213–76) was devoted to the conquest and colonisation of Islamic Majorca and Valencia, as he elaborates in his <i>Llibre dels fets</i>, or <i>Book of Deeds</i>. This article offers a close reading of the role of women and feminine figures in the <i>Llibre</i>, arguing that James portrays them as frontier-makers who signal and embody the Christianisation of previously Islamic territory. It also explores what the relationship between women and the frontier can tell us about the gendered construction of power in thirteenth-century Aragon.</p>","PeriodicalId":46382,"journal":{"name":"Gender and History","volume":"37 1","pages":"19-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116710002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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