History Compass最新文献_第6页

The crisis of the postcolonial nation‐state and the emergence of alternative forms of statehood in the Horn of Africa 后殖民民族国家的危机和非洲之角其他国家形式的出现

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History Compass Pub Date : 2022-09-27 DOI: 10.1111/hic3.12750

N. Matshanda

引用次数: 0

Patricia Crone and the “secular tradition” of early Islamic historiography: An exegesis 帕特里夏·克罗内与早期伊斯兰史学的“世俗传统”:一个注释

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History Compass Pub Date : 2022-09-21 DOI: 10.1111/hic3.12747

J. J. Little

{"title":"Patricia Crone and the “secular tradition” of early Islamic historiography: An exegesis","authors":"J. J. Little","doi":"10.1111/hic3.12747","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hic3.12747","url":null,"abstract":"Patricia Crone famously identified three distinct sub-traditions within early Islamic historiography: a “religious tradition”, a “tribal tradition”, and a “secular tradition”. Whereas the first is extremely unreliable and the second is partially unreliable regarding early Islamic history in general (c. 600–750 CE), Crone argued that the third provides “a coherent historical account”, at least as far back as the beginning of the Umayyad period (c. 661 CE). Some confusion has since arisen over the identity of this “secular tradition” (thanks to Crone's famously terse and technical style), but a close examination of her work reveals that she had in mind state-oriented chronology and prosopography (i.e., basic political information on early Muslim caliphs, governors, judges, and commanders) or proto-taʾrīkh. Crone argued that this material (which mostly survives intermingled with the religious and tribal traditions in extant Islamic literary sources) derives via continuous written transmission from rudimentary state-oriented chronicles and prosopographies composed by pro-Marwanid Muslim writers in eighth-century Syria. Although these proto-tawārīkh are now lost, Crone argued that their eighth-century existence can be inferred from contemporaneous references thereto in extant Christian chronicles—a conclusion strengthened by more recent scholarship. For this reason, the “secular tradition” is substantially more reliable than the other traditions within early Islamic historiography, which underwent a protracted process of oral transmission and consequent mutation, distortion, and growth.","PeriodicalId":46376,"journal":{"name":"History Compass","volume":"20 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://compass.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/hic3.12747","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48045809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Liberalism's distinctive policy for governing Muslim populations: Human rights, religious reform, and counter-terrorism from the colonial era until the present 自由主义统治穆斯林人口的独特政策:从殖民时代到现在的人权、宗教改革和反恐

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History Compass Pub Date : 2022-09-19 DOI: 10.1111/hic3.12748

Aria Nakissa

{"title":"Liberalism's distinctive policy for governing Muslim populations: Human rights, religious reform, and counter-terrorism from the colonial era until the present","authors":"Aria Nakissa","doi":"10.1111/hic3.12748","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hic3.12748","url":null,"abstract":"During the colonial era, liberal Western states established vast empires which came to encompass almost all of the world's Muslims. Western states worked out specific methods for governing Muslims, which were often referred to as “Muslim policy”. Recent scholarship on Muslim policy exhibits several key trends. One is expansion of geographical scope, leading scholars to produce more comprehensive global accounts of Muslim policy. Another trend is expansion of temporal scope, leading scholars to systematically link colonial Muslim policy with the governance of Muslims in the post-colonial era. A final trend is the reevaluation of liberal governance. Accordingly, scholars argue that, contrary to conventional assumptions, liberal ideology allows for - or even encourages - imperialism, authoritarianism, ethnocentrism, and racism. The present article makes several new contributions. It provides a synthesis of recent studies on Muslim policy - giving special attention to the key trends mentioned above. Moreover, the article proposes a novel way of conceptualizing Muslim policy. It is argued that Muslim policy centers on three overlapping projects: (1) a “human rights” project (2) a “religious reform” project and (3) a security project akin to what is now known as “counter-terrorism”. Finally, the article argues that liberals created Muslim policy in the colonial era, and continue to champion it in the post-colonial era. As such, it may be regarded as a distinctive long-standing liberal policy for governing Muslim populations.","PeriodicalId":46376,"journal":{"name":"History Compass","volume":"20 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://compass.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/hic3.12748","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46379027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Indian Ocean studies and saintly materials from the Islamic East 印度洋研究和来自伊斯兰东方的神圣材料

IF 0.4

History Compass Pub Date : 2022-07-08 DOI: 10.1111/hic3.12744

Teren Sevea

引用次数: 0

The Gujarati archive in Tanzania 坦桑尼亚的古吉拉特档案馆

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History Compass Pub Date : 2022-07-02 DOI: 10.1111/hic3.12745

Iqbal S. Akhtar

引用次数: 0

A political turn? New developments in Indian constitutional histories 政治转折?印度宪法史的新发展

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History Compass Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1111/hic3.12746

A. Elangovan

引用次数: 0

India's democracy before the democratic discontent, 1940s–1970s 20世纪40年代至70年代，印度在民主不满之前的民主

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History Compass Pub Date : 2022-06-07 DOI: 10.1111/hic3.12742

Ornit Shani

引用次数: 0

Towards a trans-regional approach to early medieval Iberia 对早期中世纪伊比利亚的跨区域研究

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History Compass Pub Date : 2022-06-03 DOI: 10.1111/hic3.12743

Álvaro Carvajal Castro, André Evangelista Marques, Graham Barrett, Leticia Agúndez San Miguel, Ainoa Castro Correa, Marcos Fernández Ferreiro, Jonathan Jarrett, David Peterson, Rosa Quetglas Munar, José Carlos Sánchez Pardo, Igor Santos Salazar, Guillermo Tomás Faci

{"title":"Towards a trans-regional approach to early medieval Iberia","authors":"Álvaro Carvajal Castro, André Evangelista Marques, Graham Barrett, Leticia Agúndez San Miguel, Ainoa Castro Correa, Marcos Fernández Ferreiro, Jonathan Jarrett, David Peterson, Rosa Quetglas Munar, José Carlos Sánchez Pardo, Igor Santos Salazar, Guillermo Tomás Faci","doi":"10.1111/hic3.12743","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hic3.12743","url":null,"abstract":"The past few decades have witnessed great change in the study of the early Middle Ages in the Northern Iberian Peninsula. Spanish and Portuguese historiographies have moved away from older grand narratives such as ‘Reconquest and Repopulation’, which traced a centuries-long process encompassing the ultimate victory of Christianity over Islam and the construction of distinct nations or national societies. The basic tenets of these and other essentialist approaches to a period traditionally seen as the cradle of Spain and Portugal have been questioned and now superseded by a clearer awareness of the territorial diversity characterising the 8th to 11th centuries. Yet the ballast of both nationalism and regionalism has obstructed meaningful comparison amongst the Iberian regions to date. Drawing on the work of the research group EarlyMedIberia, this article argues for a new trans-regional approach to Northern Iberia, looking beyond political and geographical boundaries to consider the whole in a comparative light, and stressing the commonalities between regional and local societies. It does so by providing an overview of the extant charter material from before 1100 (indicating the principal editions) and by reviewing the major historiography. The conclusion proposes a closer assessment of the differences and similarities amongst regional historiographies, based on a more nuanced understanding of how they have been moulded by the specificities of the charter corpus in each region, as the first step towards a more integrated, contextualised, and rigorously comparative approach to the early Middle Ages in Northern Iberia.","PeriodicalId":46376,"journal":{"name":"History Compass","volume":"20 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://compass.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/hic3.12743","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45226529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Arabic and Sindhi manuscript collections in Sindh, Pakistan: Resources and perspectives from the Indian Ocean 巴基斯坦信德省的阿拉伯语和信德语手稿收藏:来自印度洋的资源和观点

IF 0.4

History Compass Pub Date : 2022-05-11 DOI: 10.1111/hic3.12728

Sohaib Baig

引用次数: 0

Giovanni Battista Montini (Paul VI): From the legacy of Christian Democracy to the encounter with fascism, 1925–33 乔瓦尼·巴蒂斯塔·蒙蒂尼(保罗六世):从基督教民主的遗产到与法西斯主义的相遇，1925 - 1933

IF 0.4

History Compass Pub Date : 2022-04-29 DOI: 10.1111/hic3.12729

Jorge Dagnino

引用次数: 0