Clinical Plasma Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Changes in enamel after bleaching pre-treatment with non-thermal atmospheric plasma","authors":"Melissa A. Ruivo ,&nbsp;Gabriel Nima ,&nbsp;Rafael R. Pacheco ,&nbsp;Ailla C.R.A. Lancellotti ,&nbsp;Regina G. Palma-Dibb ,&nbsp;Juliana J. Faraoni ,&nbsp;Luis E.S. Soares ,&nbsp;Airton A. Martins ,&nbsp;Bruno B. Lopes ,&nbsp;Marcelo Giannini","doi":"10.1016/j.cpme.2020.100106","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpme.2020.100106","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate color change, mineral composition and topography of the enamel after the pre-treatment with non-thermal atmospheric plasma (NTAP) followed by 38% hydrogen peroxide (HP) bleaching.</p><p>Buccal enamel of bovine incisors teeth was stained with black tea solution and then divided into five groups (<em>n</em> = 12), according to the plasma application time: PL1 (one minute) or PL2 (2 min) and number of HP applications: HP1 (one) and HP3 (three). The following groups were investigated: HP3, PL1+HP1, PL1+HP3, PL2+HP1 and PL2+HP3. Four color measurements: initial (untreated), after staining and after bleaching (first and second sessions), were performed using an intraoral spectrophotometer (Vita Easyshade). Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) was used to analyze the mineral composition of the enamel before and after two bleaching sessions. Laser confocal microscopy was used to analyze the enamel topography.</p><p>The pre-treatment with NTAP did not improve the whitening results. The use of NTAP preserves the concentration of calcium and phosphorus, only HP3 group experimented a significant decrease in the mineral concentration. All the bleached groups, with or without NTAP treatment increased their enamel roughness.</p><p>The application of NTAP did not influence the color change, but it was important to maintain the mineral composition of bleached teeth. All the groups increased their roughness level.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46325,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Plasma Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cpme.2020.100106","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74367783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cold atmospheric plasma treatment on failed finger perforator flap: A case report","authors":"Minh Dinh Nguyen ,&nbsp;Quynh Thi Do ,&nbsp;Thanh-Tu Luong ,&nbsp;Ngoc-Thanh Le ,&nbsp;Tran-Thuy Nguyen ,&nbsp;Thao Phuong Bui ,&nbsp;Hoang-Tung Do ,&nbsp;Hans Metelmann ,&nbsp;Christian Seebauer ,&nbsp;Thom Thi Vu","doi":"10.1016/j.cpme.2020.100105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpme.2020.100105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) treatment has shown beneficial effects on wound healing treatment.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>A patient had a lesion on the middle finger of the left hand that was indicated to skin flap grafting. The patient then received the CAP treatment using a plasma device with a dose of 30 s/cm</span>²<span>/day. The patient's ulcer was treated according to standard procedure, and the ulcer's size, infection status, and sensation at the irradiation area were recorded each week.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>After five weeks of this CAP treatment, the ulcer was completely epithelialized. Infection status and sensory abnormalities were not detected in the area of irradiation.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>CAP treatment may be a viable choice to treat patients wherein skin-grafting has failed and where the lesions have tendon and bone exposure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46325,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Plasma Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cpme.2020.100105","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75650553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selective treatments of prostate tumor cells with a cold atmospheric plasma jet","authors":"Mohamed Fofana ,&nbsp;Julio Buñay ,&nbsp;Florian Judée ,&nbsp;Silvère Baron ,&nbsp;Sébastien Menecier ,&nbsp;Marc Nivoix ,&nbsp;Frédéric Perisse ,&nbsp;Antoine Vacavant ,&nbsp;Xavier Balandraud","doi":"10.1016/j.cpme.2020.100098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpme.2020.100098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Background:</em><span> Low temperature plasma is an ionised gas generated at atmospheric pressure with the temperature of heavy particles (ions, molecules, atoms) close to room temperature. Recent progress highlighted the efficiency of plasma to induce cell death<span> in many cancer cell lines<span>. In the current context of the emergence of the use of cold plasma for medical purposes, this article aims to study the effect of a cold plasma of helium on ex-vivo prostate cells.</span></span></span></p><p><em>Methods:</em><span><span> A cold atmospheric plasma torch was developed to treat different tumor cells. Parameters like electric voltage, gas flow, cell/torch distance, and exposure time were studied to improve the effects of plasma onto two human prostate </span>tumor cells lines<span>, with different metastatic potential<span><span>, LNCaP and PC3 and then, compared to human prostate epithelial cells P69. The plasma torch operated by a voltage up to 10 kV, without any risk of arcing, exhibited a visible plasma plume up to about 70 mm, with a temperature close to room temperature. The induced temperature rise due to the plasma treatment is measured to ensure that observed results are not thermal effects. After plasma treatment, microscopy and MTT analyses are achieved to measure </span>cells viability. An ordinary one-way ANOVA test were used between two groups with </span></span></span><em>p-value</em> less than 0.05.</p><p><em>Results:</em> An optimized protocol leads to the tumor cells death with regard to cell viability. Cold plasma treatment exhibits differential effect, regarding tumor status of cells without any significant influence of thermal effect (temperature increases of only few degrees Celcius above room temperature). The results show that non-tumor cells P69 are less sensitive to cold plasma exposure with a cell viability of 67% after 120 s of treatment, compared to tumor cell lines LNCaP and PC3, respectively at cell viability of 29% and 23% for the same treatment time.</p><p><em>Conclusion:</em> The cold helium plasma treatment showed a selective effect on prostate cells, with an enhanced apoptosis way for tumor cells, whereas the healthy cells are more resistant to the treatment. Moreover, during the treatment, the surface temperature rises only few degrees Celcius. This result is very promising for future <em>in-vivo</em> treatments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46325,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Plasma Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cpme.2020.100098","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86744159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wound healing improvement in large animals using an indirect helium plasma treatment","authors":"Emilio Martines ,&nbsp;Paola Brun ,&nbsp;Roberto Cavazzana ,&nbsp;Luigi Cordaro ,&nbsp;Matteo Zuin ,&nbsp;Tiziana Martinello ,&nbsp;Chiara Gomiero ,&nbsp;Anna Perazzi ,&nbsp;Luca Melotti ,&nbsp;Lisa Maccatrozzo ,&nbsp;Marco Patruno ,&nbsp;Ilaria Iacopetti","doi":"10.1016/j.cpme.2020.100095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpme.2020.100095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>To optimize wound healing, the use of low-temperature atmospheric pressure plasma (ionized gas) has been proposed as an innovative therapeutic method for treating extensive and chronic wound. The aim of this study was to evaluate the specific effects of an indirect helium plasma treatment in a sheep </span>surgical wound model based on clinical, histopathological and molecular analyses. This study was part of a larger study aimed at assessing five different wound healing improvement methods.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Six sheep were used in this study. Six square wounds were performed on the back of each sheep. Five of the lesions were used to analyze the effect of five different treatments, one of which was the plasma treatment. The sixth lesions was used as control. A 2-min plasma treatment was daily performed, using a radiofrequency helium plasma source for indirect treatments, until complete wound healing was obtained. Biopsies were performed at two and six weeks. The plasma effects were tested through clinical evaluation<span><span>, histopathological and immunohistological evaluation, real time PCR analysis, bacteriological evaluation and intracellular </span>ROS evaluation.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Wound closure time for the plasma-treated wounds was quicker than that of the control group. Plasma treatment drastically reduced the bacterial load in the wounds. A strong increase in intracellular ROS was observed. After six weeks, the inflammatory process was significantly reduced in the plasma-treated case with respect to the control. The plasma treatment was found to lead to an anticipated induction of blood vessel formation<span>, as detected through mRNA expression of VEGF. The high Ki67-positivity at two weeks indicated a strong stimulation of cell proliferation<span><span> induced by the plasma treatment. The expression of the hair keratine (hKER) at six weeks indicated that the plasma was promoting hair </span>regrowth<span>. The plasma treatment induced an increased rate of reformation of cutaneous adnexa at six weeks.</span></span></span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The obtained results suggest that the plasma action, at the used dose, induces an increase in cell proliferation, a reduction of inflammation, a reduction of the bacterial load, a stimulation of blood vessel formation, and an improvement in the formation of cutaneous adnexa with a positive consequence on hair regrowth.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46325,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Plasma Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cpme.2020.100095","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84489000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic field enhanced cold plasma sterilization","authors":"Madeline A. Mackinder ,&nbsp;Keliang Wang ,&nbsp;Bocong Zheng ,&nbsp;Maheshwar Shrestha ,&nbsp;Qi Hua Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.cpme.2019.100092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpme.2019.100092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Cold plasma sterilization offers an efficient way to sterilize medical components and instruments. This paper reports using a magnetized plasma to realize low-temperature sterilization. A radio frequency dielectric barrier discharge is created in a quartz tube using a mixture of argon and oxygen gas. A uniform amount of </span><em>Escherichia coli</em><span> is applied onto glass slides and exposed to the plasma afterglow at different pressures with and without a magnetic field. Optical emission spectroscopy<span> is used to identify the plasma species present. The magnetic field significantly promotes the intensity of the plasma and the sterilization efficiency. A process gas pressure of 100 mTorr presents the most effective treatment with a sterilization time less than one minute and sample temperature below 32 °C.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":46325,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Plasma Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cpme.2019.100092","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83398735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative cold atmospheric plasma (iCAP) decreases mucopurulent corneal ulcer formation and edema and reduces bacterial load in Pseudomonaskeratitis","authors":"Wahaj Saleem ,&nbsp;Angela H. Benton ,&nbsp;Mary E. Marquart ,&nbsp;Shuli Wang ,&nbsp;Waqas Saleem ,&nbsp;Randy Vigil ,&nbsp;Bo Huang ,&nbsp;Anjal C. Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.cpme.2019.100093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpme.2019.100093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To evaluate the effect of application of 3% air in helium cold atmospheric plasma jet, using an inexpensive device termed iCAP, in corneal scratch wound closure <em>in vitro</em><span> and the treatment of </span><span><em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em></span> (<em>P. aeruginosa</em><span>) keratitis </span><em>in vivo</em>.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>Thermal imaging to measure temperature of surfaces to which iCAP was applied and UV energy density delivered by iCAP were measured. Scratch wounds inflicted on </span><em>in vitro</em><span> cultures of a human corneal epithelial cell line were treated with iCAP and wound widths at various times post-application were measured. Rabbit eyes infected with </span><em>P. aeruginosa</em><span> were treated with iCAP and slit lamp biomicroscope examination conducted to determine corneal health outcomes 25 h post infection. Corneal homogenates were plated on agar and viable bacterial colonies enumerated to determine the effect of iCAP on bacterial load </span><em>in vivo</em> in <em>P. aeruginosa</em> keratitis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>iCAP was shown to operate in the non-thermal regime and also shown to deliver much lower UV energy density than that necessary to cause harmful effects on ocular tissue. iCAP treatment significantly improved the rate of scratch wound gap closure <em>in vitro</em> in a human corneal epithelial cell line compared to controls. <em>In vivo</em>, iCAP treatment of <em>P. aeruginosa</em> keratitis infection in the rabbit eyes (<em>N</em><span> = 20) significantly reduced the incidence of corneal ulcer (</span><em>P</em><span> = 0.003) and corneal edema (</span><em>P</em> = 0.011) and significantly improved total cornea health (<em>P</em> = 0.034) compared to untreated (<em>N</em> = 10). Finally, <em>in vivo</em> iCAP treatment of <em>P. aeruginosa</em> keratitis infection in the rabbit eyes (<em>N</em> = 19) significantly reduced bacterial loads (<em>P</em> = 0.012) compared to untreated (<em>N</em> = 9).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p><span>Our results strongly suggest that iCAP treatment was effective in improving corneal epithelial defect closure </span><em>in vitro</em><span>, reducing ulcer formation and decreasing inflammation in </span><em>P. aeruginosa</em> infected corneas <em>in vivo</em> and decreasing bacterial loads in <em>P. aeruginosa</em> infected corneas <em>in vivo</em> which led to improved overall cornea health outcomes <em>in vivo</em><span>. Further studies to investigate iCAP's safety and efficacy against other infectious microbes responsible for causing ulcerative keratitis, with and without co-treatment with antimicrobial therapies are warranted.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":46325,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Plasma Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cpme.2019.100093","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39828011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healing of wounds in lower extremities employing a non-thermal plasma","authors":"Berenice González-Mendoza ,&nbsp;Régulo López-Callejas ,&nbsp;Benjamín Gonzalo Rodríguez-Méndez ,&nbsp;Rosendo Peña Eguiluz ,&nbsp;Antonio Mercado-Cabrera ,&nbsp;Raúl Valencia-Alvarado ,&nbsp;Mario Betancourt-Ángeles ,&nbsp;María de Lourdes Reyes-Frías ,&nbsp;Daniel Reboyo-Barrios ,&nbsp;Eduardo Chávez-Aguilar","doi":"10.1016/j.cpme.2020.100094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpme.2020.100094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Purpose: Venous, neuropathic, and mixed (venous and arterial) ulcers are complex chronic wounds that have a tremendous long-term impact on the mortality, morbidity, and quality of life<span> of patients. In this work it was evaluated the efficacy of the non-thermal helium plasma at atmospheric pressure applied in patients with this suffering.</span></p><p><span>Methods: Using three elements: a RF generator, a needle-type reactor, and helium gas flow, for non-thermal plasma generation were used. The power density on the tissue of patients was of 0.6–0.67 W/cm</span>². The application time was 30 s/cm² daily, at 5 to 10 mm of distance from the wound.</p><p><span>Results: The thirty-two patients with venous and mixed ulcers indicated that they had a decrease progressively of the pain with the therapy, without the need to continue with analgesics. Besides, the ten patients with chronic wounds showed 100% healing in neuropathic ulcers. For eight patients with </span>venous leg ulcers, the percentage was reduced to 75% healing. While for fourteen patients with mixed leg ulcers, the rate of healing was 59%.</p><p>Conclusion: The non-thermal plasma generated in a needle reactor with helium gas is a promising candidate for clinical and therapeutic use in the treatment of neuropathic leg ulcers, with time reduction healing, and it can be applied everyday. In the study conducted, it was found that the non-thermal plasma applied to patients with autoimmune diseases clinically was not beneficial.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46325,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Plasma Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cpme.2020.100094","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81863039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination of cold plasma and pulsed electric fields – A rationale for cancer patients in palliative care","authors":"Christina M. Wolff ,&nbsp;Anna Steuer ,&nbsp;Ingo Stoffels ,&nbsp;Thomas von Woedtke ,&nbsp;Klaus-Dieter Weltmann ,&nbsp;Sander Bekeschus ,&nbsp;Juergen F. Kolb","doi":"10.1016/j.cpme.2020.100096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpme.2020.100096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Cancer continues to be a significant threat to human health. Oncotherapy, therefore, relies on the combination of different approaches to increase a patient's chances. If therapeutic options are exhausted, effective </span>palliation<span> can at least still improve the quality of life<span><span>. Over two decades ago, electrochemotherapy (ECT), which is based on pulsed electric field (PEF) exposures, was introduced in palliative care to alleviate the burden imposed by tumors, such as </span>malignant melanoma<span> and breast cancer. In this case, pulsed electric fields with a duration in the range of microseconds permeabilize cell membranes and permit reducing dosages of cytotoxic </span></span></span></span>drugs<span><span><span><span> and accordingly of associated systemic side effects. More recently, exposures to pulsed electric fields, shorter than the cellular plasma membrane charging time, have been found to affect subcellular structures and cell functions directly, i.e., without additional drugs. Instead of cytotoxic drugs, also the delivery of genes and calcium is currently investigated for alternative </span>treatment options. Another way to induce tumor </span>cell death<span><span> is the introduction and/or generation of reactive species in the cellular environment by the application of cold physical plasma, resulting in the activation of redox signaling pathways. These latest developments encourage considering new treatment options. Of particular interest might be the possibility to promote the uptake of plasma-generated species by the combination with PEF-exposures. Hence, we review the latest developments in clinical and experimental ECT and PEF research in </span>oncology and rationalize a combined treatment with plasmas for palliative therapy </span></span>in patients.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":46325,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Plasma Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cpme.2020.100096","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74710268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethanolic extract of the natural product of Daun sirih (Piper betle) leaves may impede the effectiveness of the plasma jet contact style for acute wounds","authors":"Heni Setyowati Esti Rahayu ,&nbsp;N. Nasruddin ,&nbsp;Laela Hayu Nurani ,&nbsp;Sri Darmawati ,&nbsp;Afiana Rohmani ,&nbsp;Heni Lutfiyati ,&nbsp;Eka Sakti Wahyuningtyas ,&nbsp;Isabella Meliawati Sikumbang ,&nbsp;Zaenul Muhlisin ,&nbsp;Andri Sukeksi ,&nbsp;Fitri Nuroini ,&nbsp;Tatsuo Ishijima ,&nbsp;Junko Sugama ,&nbsp;Toshio Nakatani","doi":"10.1016/j.cpme.2019.100090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpme.2019.100090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>An investigation was carried out to determine the effect of an ethanolic extract of the natural product of <em>Daun sirih</em> or <em>Piper betle</em><span> leaves on the effectiveness of plasma jet treatment for cutaneous acute wound healing in a small animal model mimicking a clinical setting.</span></p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>An atmospheric plasma jet using medical grade argon gas as a carrier gas was developed. The ethanolic extract of <em>Piper betle</em><span><span> leaf (EPB) was formulated. Optical emission spectroscopy<span> and chemical methods were applied to evaluate the presence of </span></span>reactive oxygen species<span> (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in the gas phase and in aqueous and ethanolic media</span></span><em>.</em> Small animals were classified into 5 groups, namely, Control (C), Plasma jet (P), Ethanolic extract of <em>Piper betle</em><span> leaf (EPB), Plasma jet followed by EPB (P-EPB) and EPB followed by plasma jet (EPB-P). The contact and meander styles of plasma jet treatment for wounds were applied daily on acute wounds for 1 min, either alone or before or after EPB treatments. Visual evaluation of wounds was conducted for 14 days. Microscopic evaluation was conducted on days 7, 11 and 14. General staining, namely, haematoxylin-eosin and Azan staining, was conducted to evaluate neoepithelialisation and new collagen formation.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>This research showed that wound healing in the P group was faster than that in the other groups, while that in groups containing EPB was the same as that in C. In the P group, the number of days to reach peak inflammation was the fewest. On day 7, neoepithelialisation and new collagen formation in P were significantly higher than those in other groups.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Plasma jet treatment alone is able to promote inflammation, neoepithelialisation and new collagen formation to accelerate acute wound healing; however, its admixture with EPB may impede such effectiveness. Based on the characterization of the ROS and RNS results, the ethanol solvent may play a primary role in impeding its effectiveness.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46325,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Plasma Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cpme.2019.100090","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79094907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biofilm inactivation by synergistic treatment of atmospheric pressure plasma and chelating agents","authors":"Chen-Yon Tobias Tschang,&nbsp;Markus Thoma","doi":"10.1016/j.cpme.2019.100091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpme.2019.100091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>In this study, we investigated the bacterial biofilm<span> reduction by combined treatment of atmospheric pressure plasma (APP) and </span></span>chelating agents<span>. Many of hospital acquired infections (HAI) are related to biofilm infections. APP and chelating agents were reported to be effective in bacterial biofilm inactivation and eradication. It is believed that chelating agents disrupt the biofilm formation through bonding metal ions, while APP inactivates bacteria mainly through reactive species [1–3]. In our study, we used a surface micro-discharge (SMD) driven by sinusoidal power input of 2 kHz and peak to peak voltage of 9 kV to treat </span></span><em>Escherichia coli</em> (<em>E. coli</em>), <span><em>Enterococcus faecalis</em></span> (<em>E. faecalis</em>), and <span><em>Staphylococcus capitis</em></span> (<em>S. capitis</em><span><span><span>) biofilm on 316 L stainless steel and hopkins rod lens glass plates in combination with chelating agents of </span>trisodium citrate (TSC), </span>ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid<span> (EDTA), egtazic acid<span> (EGTA), and alizarin<span>. Bacterial biofilm reduction was measured by means of colony count assay and BacTiter-Glo cell viability assay. The results of colony count assay showed that combined treatment of EDTA and TSC with plasma has synergistic effects on all three bacterial biofilms, while EGTA only on </span></span></span></span><em>E. coli</em> and none for alizarin. Experiments of BacTiter-Glo cell viability assay indicate that EDTA, EGTA, and TSC has synergistic effects on all three biofilms while also none for alizarin.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46325,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Plasma Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cpme.2019.100091","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75585487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}