KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE最新文献_第5页

Addressing the Threat of Emerging Viral Infections. 应对新出现的病毒感染威胁。

IF 2

KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2302/kjm.ABSTRACT_72_1-2

Yoshihiro Kawaoka

{"title":"Addressing the Threat of Emerging Viral Infections.","authors":"Yoshihiro Kawaoka","doi":"10.2302/kjm.ABSTRACT_72_1-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2302/kjm.ABSTRACT_72_1-2","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging infections are caused when microorganisms that are maintained in a reservoir where they cause no harm, transmit from the reservoir to a new host. I have been studying the replication, molecular basis for pathogenesis, and host responses to emerging viruses, including influenza virus, Ebola virus, and SARS-CoV-2, and using the knowledge gained from these studies to develop antivirals and vaccines.Influenza viruses cause epidemics every winter, but occasionally new influenza viruses emerge and spread worldwide (pandemic). We established a technique that allows us to make influenza viruses artificially. This technique is now widely used for basic research and for the development of vaccines against highly pathogenic avian influenza virus for pandemic preparedness and live attenuated influenza vaccines. Using this technique, we elucidated the mechanisms of emergence of pandemic viruses, viral replication, and the molecular mechanism of pathogenesis.Ebola virus causes severe disease with a mortality rate of up to 90%. In 2013, a major outbreak of Ebola virus began in West Africa that led to nearly 30,000 people being infected and a death toll of over 10,000 people. During the outbreak, we established a laboratory in Sierra Leone and used samples from Ebola patients to study host responses and identify biomarkers for severe infection. We also established a technology to artificially make Ebola virus and used this technology to make an Ebola virus that grows only in a particular cell line. Using this virus, we produced an inactivated Ebola vaccine, which was shown to be safe and effective in a Phase I clinical trial.Late in 2019, SARS-CoV-2 emerged in Wuhan, China and has since caused unprecedented damage globally. In our laboratory, we established an animal model for this infection and have used it to evaluate pathogenicity, efficacy of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies and antivirals, and to develop vaccines.In my presentation, I will discuss our findings regarding these emerging viral infections.","PeriodicalId":46245,"journal":{"name":"KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE","volume":"72 1","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9188395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Military Clinical Strategist to International Health Investor. 从军事临床战略家到国际健康投资者。

IF 2

KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2302/kjm.ABSTRACT_72-4-1

Shai Tejman-Yarden

{"title":"Military Clinical Strategist to International Health Investor.","authors":"Shai Tejman-Yarden","doi":"10.2302/kjm.ABSTRACT_72-4-1","DOIUrl":"10.2302/kjm.ABSTRACT_72-4-1","url":null,"abstract":"Virtual reality (VR) is emerging as a groundbreaking tool in the treatment of congenital heart diseases. This innovative technology offers a transformative approach by creating immersive, interactive, and personalized environments for both patients and healthcare professionals. In the pediatric cardiology institute in Safra Children's hospital in Sheba Medical Center in Israel, VR is being utilized for patient education, pre-operative planning, and intraoperative guidance. Patients can explore 3D visualizations of their own hearts, gaining a better understanding of their condition and proposed treatments. Surgeons and medical teams benefit from VR simulations that enhance their surgical planning and decision-making processes observing complex cases and evaluating printed models. Furthermore, Augmented reality AR can be employed in the operating room for observing the rib cage and reviewing the patient anatomy. The 3D visualization program is led by the Engineering in Medicine (EiM) tech-lab which cooperates with different specialties in the hospital including plastic surgery, ENT, ObGyn and more. The most critical topic addressed by the lab, cooperating with engineers from the Israeli Institute of technology deals with registration of the holographic image on the real patient body allowing intra-operative guidance. (Presented at the 2008th Meeting, September 27, 2023).","PeriodicalId":46245,"journal":{"name":"KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE","volume":"72 4","pages":"106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139032710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pulmonary symptoms in adolescent and adult patients with a spinal deformity. 患有脊柱畸形的青少年和成人患者的肺部症状。

IF 2

KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2302/kjm.ABSTRACT_72_4-2

Marinus De Kleuver

{"title":"Pulmonary symptoms in adolescent and adult patients with a spinal deformity.","authors":"Marinus De Kleuver","doi":"10.2302/kjm.ABSTRACT_72_4-2","DOIUrl":"10.2302/kjm.ABSTRACT_72_4-2","url":null,"abstract":"Patients with spinal deformities, both adolescents and adults, often experience pulmonary symptoms such as shortness of breath during physical exertion and reduced exercise tolerance. These symptoms significantly affect their daily functioning, and recent research by Van Kempen et al. (2022) involving 8,723 AIS patients found that declines in pulmonary function tests (PFTs) were linked to the severity of their spinal deformities.However, these clinically relevant pulmonary symptoms are not routinely monitored, which could have health implications as patients age, given the gradual deterioration of pulmonary function associated with the severity of their spinal deformities. PFTs have been used to quantify these symptoms, but a discrepancy exists between these objective measurements and the subjective experiences of patients, reducing their clinical value. To address this gap, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) capturing the patient's perspective are needed but are currently lacking.The presentation outlines ongoing efforts to rectify this situation, with a focus on measuring pulmonary function and exercise tolerance through structured patient interviews, the use of smart vests with sensors, and the development of a patient-reported outcome measure (PROM). These endeavors aim to improve the monitoring and management of pulmonary symptoms in spinal deformity patients, ultimately enhancing their quality of life and long-term health. (Presented at the 2009st Meeting, November 8, 2023).","PeriodicalId":46245,"journal":{"name":"KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE","volume":"72 4","pages":"106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139032711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Unlikely Development of CAR T Cells: a Brief History and Prospects for the Future. CAR - T细胞的不可思议的发展:简史和未来的展望。

IF 2

KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2302/kjm.ABSTRACT_72_1-1

Carl H June

引用次数: 0

In Vivo Intestinal Research Using Organoid Transplantation. 类器官移植在体内肠道的研究。

IF 2

KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE Pub Date : 2022-12-25 DOI: 10.2302/kjm.2022-0019-IR

Shinya Sugimoto, Eiji Kobayashi, Takanori Kanai, Toshiro Sato

{"title":"In Vivo Intestinal Research Using Organoid Transplantation.","authors":"Shinya Sugimoto, Eiji Kobayashi, Takanori Kanai, Toshiro Sato","doi":"10.2302/kjm.2022-0019-IR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2302/kjm.2022-0019-IR","url":null,"abstract":"Our understanding of the biology of the intestinal epithelium has advanced since the establishment of an organoid culture system. Although organoids have enabled investigation of the mechanism of self-renewal of human intestinal stem cells in vitro, it remains difficult to clarify the behavior of human normal and diseased intestinal epithelium in vivo. Recently, we developed a xenotransplantation system in which human intestinal organoids are engrafted onto epithelium-depleted mouse colons. This xenograft recapitulated the original tissue structures. Upon xenotransplantation, normal colon organoids developed normal colon crypt structures without tumorigenesis, whereas tumor-derived organoids formed colonic tumors resembling the original tumors. The non-tumorigenicity of human intestinal organoids highlights the safety of organoid-based regenerative medicine. As an example of regenerative medicine for short bowel syndrome, we devised a unique organ-repurposing approach to convert colons into small intestines by organoid transplantation. In this approach, the transplanted rat small intestinal organoids not only engrafted onto the rat colons but also remodeled the colon subepithelial structures into a small intestine-like conformation. Luminal flow accelerated the maturation of villi in the small intestine, which promoted the formation of a lymphovascular network mimicking lacteals. In this review, we provide an overview of recent advances in gastrointestinal organoid transplantation and share our understanding of human disease biology and regenerative medicine derived from these studies.","PeriodicalId":46245,"journal":{"name":"KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE","volume":"71 4","pages":"73-81"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10800216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Brain-machine Interface (BMI)-based Neurorehabilitation for Post-stroke Upper Limb Paralysis. 基于脑机接口(BMI)的脑卒中后上肢瘫痪神经康复。

IF 2

KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE Pub Date : 2022-12-25 DOI: 10.2302/kjm.2022-0002-OA

Meigen Liu, Junichi Ushiba

{"title":"Brain-machine Interface (BMI)-based Neurorehabilitation for Post-stroke Upper Limb Paralysis.","authors":"Meigen Liu, Junichi Ushiba","doi":"10.2302/kjm.2022-0002-OA","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2302/kjm.2022-0002-OA","url":null,"abstract":"Because recovery from upper limb paralysis after stroke is challenging, compensatory approaches have been the main focus of upper limb rehabilitation. However, based on fundamental and clinical research indicating that the brain has a far greater potential for plastic change than previously thought, functional restorative approaches have become increasingly common. Among such interventions, constraint-induced movement therapy, task-specific training, robotic therapy, neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), mental practice, mirror therapy, and bilateral arm training are recommended in recently published stroke guidelines. For severe upper limb paralysis, however, no effective therapy has yet been established. Against this background, there is growing interest in applying brain-machine interface (BMI) technologies to upper limb rehabilitation. Increasing numbers of randomized controlled trials have demonstrated the effectiveness of BMI neurorehabilitation, and several meta-analyses have shown medium to large effect sizes with BMI therapy. Subgroup analyses indicate higher intervention effects in the subacute group than the chronic group, when using movement attempts as the BMI-training trigger task rather than using motor imagery, and using NMES as the external device compared with using other devices. The Keio BMI team has developed an electroencephalography-based neurorehabilitation system and has published clinical and basic studies demonstrating its effectiveness and neurophysiological mechanisms. For its wider clinical application, the positioning of BMI therapy in upper limb rehabilitation needs to be clarified, BMI needs to be commercialized as an easy-to-use and cost-effective medical device, and training systems for rehabilitation professionals need to be developed. A technological breakthrough enabling selective modulation of neural circuits is also needed.","PeriodicalId":46245,"journal":{"name":"KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE","volume":"71 4","pages":"82-92"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10437513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Metabolism in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells and Cardiomyocytes for Regenerative Therapy. 人多能干细胞和心肌细胞在再生治疗中的代谢。

IF 2

KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE Pub Date : 2022-09-25 Epub Date: 2022-01-25 DOI: 10.2302/kjm.2021-0015-IR

Tomohiko C Umei, Shugo Tohyama

引用次数: 0

Anatomical Tenodesis Reconstruction Using Free Split Peroneal Brevis Tendon for Severe Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability. 游离腓骨短肌腱解剖学肌腱固定术重建严重慢性踝关节外侧不稳。

IF 2

KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE Pub Date : 2022-06-25 Epub Date: 2021-11-10 DOI: 10.2302/kjm.2021-0014-OA

Takeshi Hashimoto, Tetsuro Kokubo

{"title":"Anatomical Tenodesis Reconstruction Using Free Split Peroneal Brevis Tendon for Severe Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability.","authors":"Takeshi Hashimoto, Tetsuro Kokubo","doi":"10.2302/kjm.2021-0014-OA","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2302/kjm.2021-0014-OA","url":null,"abstract":"Many operative procedures have been reported for the management of chronic lateral ankle instability, and anatomical reconstructions are an excellent option. However, if the remnants of the ligaments are considerably damaged, anatomical reconstructions using such remnants can be difficult. In cases such as these, tenodesis stabilization may be required. However, tenodesis stabilization often restricts the range of ankle movement. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a new procedure that we developed to mitigate the problems associated with tenodesis stabilization procedures. We installed grafts in the original anatomical position by devising a system for positioning the drill holes in the bones so that our procedure did not restrict the range of ankle movement. A retrospective review of 37 patients (13 men, 24 women) with a mean age of 30.2 (range, 16-66) years was performed at an average of 69 (range, 47-77) months after the surgery. The average American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot score improved significantly from 65.6 (range, 47-77) points preoperatively to 98.0 (range, 87-100) points postoperatively (P < 0.001). With the number of subjects available, no significant differences were detected between the postoperative mean ranges of movement of the ankle and subtalar joints and those of the preoperative ankle. Patients who underwent anatomical tenodesis reconstructions with a free split peroneal brevis tendon showed good outcomes after a 69-month follow-up period.","PeriodicalId":46245,"journal":{"name":"KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE","volume":"71 2","pages":"44-49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39608335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Infection Accompanied by Intussusception and Incomplete Kawasaki Disease in a 7-year-old Girl. 7岁女童假结核耶尔森菌感染伴肠套叠及不完全性川崎病1例。

IF 2

KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE Pub Date : 2022-06-25 Epub Date: 2021-06-08 DOI: 10.2302/kjm.2021-0002-CR

Takuma Ohnishi, Maki Nakazawa, Naomi Wada, Jun Abe, Isamu Kamimaki

{"title":"Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Infection Accompanied by Intussusception and Incomplete Kawasaki Disease in a 7-year-old Girl.","authors":"Takuma Ohnishi, Maki Nakazawa, Naomi Wada, Jun Abe, Isamu Kamimaki","doi":"10.2302/kjm.2021-0002-CR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2302/kjm.2021-0002-CR","url":null,"abstract":"Infection with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, a known causal pathogen of human bacterial gastroenteritis, causes various symptoms and complications. A previously healthy 7-year-old girl was admitted because of fever and gastrointestinal symptoms. She was initially diagnosed with intussusception by abdominal ultrasonography. Although the patient was successfully treated by air enema, the fever persisted. The patient was then diagnosed with incomplete Kawasaki disease based on the presence of four principal clinical features. Intravenous immunoglobulin and oral aspirin were initiated. The patient defervesced and the other symptoms subsided after the treatment. Cardiac ultrasound results showed normal coronary arteries. Because of the gastrointestinal symptoms, stool samples were cultured repeatedly, only to yield normal flora. However, serum levels of anti-Y. pseudotuberculosis-derived mitogen antibody were elevated between the 7th and 18th days of the disease, thereby confirming Y. pseudotuberculosis infection. Because Y. pseudotuberculosis infection results in various clinical manifestations, we must be aware of each symptom and address them systematically.","PeriodicalId":46245,"journal":{"name":"KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE","volume":"71 2","pages":"50-52"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39078683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Keio Uterus Transplantation Research: From Basic Research toward Future Clinical Application. 庆应义塾子宫移植研究:从基础研究到未来临床应用。

IF 2

KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE Pub Date : 2022-06-25 Epub Date: 2022-01-19 DOI: 10.2302/kjm.2021-0008-IR

Iori Kisu, Kouji Banno, Yusuke Matoba, Yohei Yamada, Katsura Emoto, Yohei Masugi, Kentaro Matsubara, Hideaki Obara, Daisuke Aoki

引用次数: 2