KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE最新文献_第6页

The Unlikely Development of CAR T Cells: a Brief History and Prospects for the Future. CAR - T细胞的不可思议的发展:简史和未来的展望。

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KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2302/kjm.ABSTRACT_72_1-1

Carl H June

引用次数: 0

In Vivo Intestinal Research Using Organoid Transplantation. 类器官移植在体内肠道的研究。

IF 2

KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE Pub Date : 2022-12-25 DOI: 10.2302/kjm.2022-0019-IR

Shinya Sugimoto, Eiji Kobayashi, Takanori Kanai, Toshiro Sato

{"title":"In Vivo Intestinal Research Using Organoid Transplantation.","authors":"Shinya Sugimoto, Eiji Kobayashi, Takanori Kanai, Toshiro Sato","doi":"10.2302/kjm.2022-0019-IR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2302/kjm.2022-0019-IR","url":null,"abstract":"Our understanding of the biology of the intestinal epithelium has advanced since the establishment of an organoid culture system. Although organoids have enabled investigation of the mechanism of self-renewal of human intestinal stem cells in vitro, it remains difficult to clarify the behavior of human normal and diseased intestinal epithelium in vivo. Recently, we developed a xenotransplantation system in which human intestinal organoids are engrafted onto epithelium-depleted mouse colons. This xenograft recapitulated the original tissue structures. Upon xenotransplantation, normal colon organoids developed normal colon crypt structures without tumorigenesis, whereas tumor-derived organoids formed colonic tumors resembling the original tumors. The non-tumorigenicity of human intestinal organoids highlights the safety of organoid-based regenerative medicine. As an example of regenerative medicine for short bowel syndrome, we devised a unique organ-repurposing approach to convert colons into small intestines by organoid transplantation. In this approach, the transplanted rat small intestinal organoids not only engrafted onto the rat colons but also remodeled the colon subepithelial structures into a small intestine-like conformation. Luminal flow accelerated the maturation of villi in the small intestine, which promoted the formation of a lymphovascular network mimicking lacteals. In this review, we provide an overview of recent advances in gastrointestinal organoid transplantation and share our understanding of human disease biology and regenerative medicine derived from these studies.","PeriodicalId":46245,"journal":{"name":"KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE","volume":"71 4","pages":"73-81"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10800216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Brain-machine Interface (BMI)-based Neurorehabilitation for Post-stroke Upper Limb Paralysis. 基于脑机接口(BMI)的脑卒中后上肢瘫痪神经康复。

IF 2

KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE Pub Date : 2022-12-25 DOI: 10.2302/kjm.2022-0002-OA

Meigen Liu, Junichi Ushiba

{"title":"Brain-machine Interface (BMI)-based Neurorehabilitation for Post-stroke Upper Limb Paralysis.","authors":"Meigen Liu, Junichi Ushiba","doi":"10.2302/kjm.2022-0002-OA","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2302/kjm.2022-0002-OA","url":null,"abstract":"Because recovery from upper limb paralysis after stroke is challenging, compensatory approaches have been the main focus of upper limb rehabilitation. However, based on fundamental and clinical research indicating that the brain has a far greater potential for plastic change than previously thought, functional restorative approaches have become increasingly common. Among such interventions, constraint-induced movement therapy, task-specific training, robotic therapy, neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), mental practice, mirror therapy, and bilateral arm training are recommended in recently published stroke guidelines. For severe upper limb paralysis, however, no effective therapy has yet been established. Against this background, there is growing interest in applying brain-machine interface (BMI) technologies to upper limb rehabilitation. Increasing numbers of randomized controlled trials have demonstrated the effectiveness of BMI neurorehabilitation, and several meta-analyses have shown medium to large effect sizes with BMI therapy. Subgroup analyses indicate higher intervention effects in the subacute group than the chronic group, when using movement attempts as the BMI-training trigger task rather than using motor imagery, and using NMES as the external device compared with using other devices. The Keio BMI team has developed an electroencephalography-based neurorehabilitation system and has published clinical and basic studies demonstrating its effectiveness and neurophysiological mechanisms. For its wider clinical application, the positioning of BMI therapy in upper limb rehabilitation needs to be clarified, BMI needs to be commercialized as an easy-to-use and cost-effective medical device, and training systems for rehabilitation professionals need to be developed. A technological breakthrough enabling selective modulation of neural circuits is also needed.","PeriodicalId":46245,"journal":{"name":"KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE","volume":"71 4","pages":"82-92"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10437513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Metabolism in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells and Cardiomyocytes for Regenerative Therapy. 人多能干细胞和心肌细胞在再生治疗中的代谢。

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KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE Pub Date : 2022-09-25 Epub Date: 2022-01-25 DOI: 10.2302/kjm.2021-0015-IR

Tomohiko C Umei, Shugo Tohyama

引用次数: 0

Anatomical Tenodesis Reconstruction Using Free Split Peroneal Brevis Tendon for Severe Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability. 游离腓骨短肌腱解剖学肌腱固定术重建严重慢性踝关节外侧不稳。

IF 2

KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE Pub Date : 2022-06-25 Epub Date: 2021-11-10 DOI: 10.2302/kjm.2021-0014-OA

Takeshi Hashimoto, Tetsuro Kokubo

{"title":"Anatomical Tenodesis Reconstruction Using Free Split Peroneal Brevis Tendon for Severe Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability.","authors":"Takeshi Hashimoto, Tetsuro Kokubo","doi":"10.2302/kjm.2021-0014-OA","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2302/kjm.2021-0014-OA","url":null,"abstract":"Many operative procedures have been reported for the management of chronic lateral ankle instability, and anatomical reconstructions are an excellent option. However, if the remnants of the ligaments are considerably damaged, anatomical reconstructions using such remnants can be difficult. In cases such as these, tenodesis stabilization may be required. However, tenodesis stabilization often restricts the range of ankle movement. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a new procedure that we developed to mitigate the problems associated with tenodesis stabilization procedures. We installed grafts in the original anatomical position by devising a system for positioning the drill holes in the bones so that our procedure did not restrict the range of ankle movement. A retrospective review of 37 patients (13 men, 24 women) with a mean age of 30.2 (range, 16-66) years was performed at an average of 69 (range, 47-77) months after the surgery. The average American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot score improved significantly from 65.6 (range, 47-77) points preoperatively to 98.0 (range, 87-100) points postoperatively (P < 0.001). With the number of subjects available, no significant differences were detected between the postoperative mean ranges of movement of the ankle and subtalar joints and those of the preoperative ankle. Patients who underwent anatomical tenodesis reconstructions with a free split peroneal brevis tendon showed good outcomes after a 69-month follow-up period.","PeriodicalId":46245,"journal":{"name":"KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE","volume":"71 2","pages":"44-49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39608335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Infection Accompanied by Intussusception and Incomplete Kawasaki Disease in a 7-year-old Girl. 7岁女童假结核耶尔森菌感染伴肠套叠及不完全性川崎病1例。

IF 2

KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE Pub Date : 2022-06-25 Epub Date: 2021-06-08 DOI: 10.2302/kjm.2021-0002-CR

Takuma Ohnishi, Maki Nakazawa, Naomi Wada, Jun Abe, Isamu Kamimaki

{"title":"Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Infection Accompanied by Intussusception and Incomplete Kawasaki Disease in a 7-year-old Girl.","authors":"Takuma Ohnishi, Maki Nakazawa, Naomi Wada, Jun Abe, Isamu Kamimaki","doi":"10.2302/kjm.2021-0002-CR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2302/kjm.2021-0002-CR","url":null,"abstract":"Infection with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, a known causal pathogen of human bacterial gastroenteritis, causes various symptoms and complications. A previously healthy 7-year-old girl was admitted because of fever and gastrointestinal symptoms. She was initially diagnosed with intussusception by abdominal ultrasonography. Although the patient was successfully treated by air enema, the fever persisted. The patient was then diagnosed with incomplete Kawasaki disease based on the presence of four principal clinical features. Intravenous immunoglobulin and oral aspirin were initiated. The patient defervesced and the other symptoms subsided after the treatment. Cardiac ultrasound results showed normal coronary arteries. Because of the gastrointestinal symptoms, stool samples were cultured repeatedly, only to yield normal flora. However, serum levels of anti-Y. pseudotuberculosis-derived mitogen antibody were elevated between the 7th and 18th days of the disease, thereby confirming Y. pseudotuberculosis infection. Because Y. pseudotuberculosis infection results in various clinical manifestations, we must be aware of each symptom and address them systematically.","PeriodicalId":46245,"journal":{"name":"KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE","volume":"71 2","pages":"50-52"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39078683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Keio Uterus Transplantation Research: From Basic Research toward Future Clinical Application. 庆应义塾子宫移植研究:从基础研究到未来临床应用。

IF 2

KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE Pub Date : 2022-06-25 Epub Date: 2022-01-19 DOI: 10.2302/kjm.2021-0008-IR

Iori Kisu, Kouji Banno, Yusuke Matoba, Yohei Yamada, Katsura Emoto, Yohei Masugi, Kentaro Matsubara, Hideaki Obara, Daisuke Aoki

引用次数: 2

A Theory of Diagnostic Testing to Stop the Virus Spreading: Evidence-based Reasoning to Resolve the COVID-19 Crisis by Testing. 阻止病毒传播的诊断测试理论:基于证据的测试推理解决COVID-19危机。

IF 2

KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE Pub Date : 2022-03-25 Epub Date: 2022-02-02 DOI: 10.2302/kjm.2021-0009-IR

Isao Kamae

{"title":"A Theory of Diagnostic Testing to Stop the Virus Spreading: Evidence-based Reasoning to Resolve the COVID-19 Crisis by Testing.","authors":"Isao Kamae","doi":"10.2302/kjm.2021-0009-IR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2302/kjm.2021-0009-IR","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the complicated reasoning and processes inherent in diagnostic testing were analyzed, and a mathematical theory was developed for effectively stopping the transmission of infection in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). As a result of this work, a new formula was developed for the \"boundary condition for contagion containment,\" which, based on a horizontal transmission model, gives the lower limit of sensitivity for a diagnostic test to stop the virus spreading. Two parameters are considered in the model: the level of transmission and the effective reproduction number. In example computations, the formula indicated that a one-off polymerase chain reaction-based test with a sensitivity of 85% would not be sufficient to contain highly contagious infections such as the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2, which would likely require a sensitivity close to 100% for its containment. Furthermore, a cascade judgment system for multiple tests was proposed and examined as a form of triplet test system. This approach can enhance the accuracy of COVID-19 testing up to the minimum level needed to stop the virus spreading. The theory developed in this study will not only contribute as an academic exercise, but also be useful for making evidence-based decisions on public policy for pandemic control.","PeriodicalId":46245,"journal":{"name":"KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE","volume":"71 1","pages":"13-20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39882033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

HIF Inhibition Therapy in Ocular Diseases. 眼部疾病的HIF抑制治疗。

IF 2

KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE Pub Date : 2022-03-25 Epub Date: 2021-04-10 DOI: 10.2302/kjm.2021-0004-IR

Deokho Lee, Yukihiro Miwa, Hiromitsu Kunimi, Mari Ibuki, Chiho Shoda, Ayaka Nakai, Toshihide Kurihara

{"title":"HIF Inhibition Therapy in Ocular Diseases.","authors":"Deokho Lee, Yukihiro Miwa, Hiromitsu Kunimi, Mari Ibuki, Chiho Shoda, Ayaka Nakai, Toshihide Kurihara","doi":"10.2302/kjm.2021-0004-IR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2302/kjm.2021-0004-IR","url":null,"abstract":"The uncontrolled growth of blood vessels is a major pathological factor in human eye diseases that can result in blindness. This effect is termed ocular neovascularization and is seen in diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma and retinopathy of prematurity. Current treatments for these diseases include laser photocoagulation, topical injection of corticosteroids, intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents and vitreoretinal surgery. Although strategies to inhibit VEGF have proved to be dramatically successful in some clinical studies, there remains the possibility of significant adverse effects regarding the blockade of crucial physiological roles of VEGF and the invasive nature of the treatments. Moreover, it is evident that other pro-angiogenic factors also play important roles in the development of these diseases, as seen in cases in which anti-VEGF therapies have failed. Therefore, new types of effective treatments are required. In this review, we discuss a promising strategy for the treatment of ocular neovascular diseases, i.e., the inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), a master regulator of angiogenesis. We also summarize promising recently investigated HIF inhibitors as treatments for ocular diseases. This review will facilitate more comprehensive approaches to understanding the protective aspects of HIF inhibition in the prevention of ocular diseases.","PeriodicalId":46245,"journal":{"name":"KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE","volume":"71 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25579582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Diagnostic Performance of Computed Tomography Imaging for COVID-19 in a Region with Low Disease Prevalence. 计算机断层成像对低患病率地区COVID-19的诊断效果

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KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE Pub Date : 2022-03-25 Epub Date: 2021-11-11 DOI: 10.2302/kjm.2021-0012-OA

Ho Lee, Tatsuya Suzuki, Yohei Okada, Hiromu Tanaka, Satoshi Okamori, Hirofumi Kamata, Makoto Ishii, Masahiro Jinzaki, Koichi Fukunaga

{"title":"Diagnostic Performance of Computed Tomography Imaging for COVID-19 in a Region with Low Disease Prevalence.","authors":"Ho Lee, Tatsuya Suzuki, Yohei Okada, Hiromu Tanaka, Satoshi Okamori, Hirofumi Kamata, Makoto Ishii, Masahiro Jinzaki, Koichi Fukunaga","doi":"10.2302/kjm.2021-0012-OA","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2302/kjm.2021-0012-OA","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first reported in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 as an outbreak of pneumonia of unknown origin. Previous studies have suggested the utility of chest computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of COVID-19 because of its high sensitivity (93%-97%), relatively simple procedure, and rapid test results. This study, performed in Japan early in the epidemic when COVID-19 prevalence was low, evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of chest CT in a population presenting with lung diseases having CT findings similar to those of COVID-19. We retrospectively included all consecutive patients (≥18 years old) presenting to the outpatient department of Keio University Hospital between March 1 and May 31, 2020, with fever and respiratory symptoms. We evaluated the performance of diagnostic CT for COVID-19 by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results as the reference standard. We determined the numbers of false-positive (FP) results and assessed the clinical utility using decision curve analysis. Of the 175 patients, 22 were PCR-positive. CT had a sensitivity of 68% and a specificity of 57%. Patients with FP results on CT diagnosis were mainly diagnosed with diseases mimicking COVID-19, e.g., interstitial lung disease. Decision curve analysis indicated that the clinical utility of CT imaging was limited. The diagnostic performance of CT for COVID-19 was inadequate in an area with low COVID-19 prevalence and a high prevalence of other lung diseases with chest CT findings similar to those of COVID-19. Considering this insufficient diagnostic performance, CT findings should be evaluated in the context of additional medical information to diagnose COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":46245,"journal":{"name":"KEIO JOURNAL OF MEDICINE","volume":"71 1","pages":"21-30"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39608340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2