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The Digital Divide and Women's Political Participation in Africa 数字鸿沟与非洲妇女的政治参与
IF 1.2 4区 经济学
Bulletin of Economic Research Pub Date : 2025-07-23 DOI: 10.1111/boer.70000
Prince Piva Asaloko, Itchoko Motande Mwa Ndjokou Mondjeli, Pierre Christian Tsopmo
{"title":"The Digital Divide and Women's Political Participation in Africa","authors":"Prince Piva Asaloko,&nbsp;Itchoko Motande Mwa Ndjokou Mondjeli,&nbsp;Pierre Christian Tsopmo","doi":"10.1111/boer.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/boer.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examines the effect of the digital divide on women's political participation across 48 African nations. Using the system's generalized method of moments, we arrive at the main result that the digital divide is a brake on women's political empowerment in Africa. Our result remains stable to additional control variables. Similar evidence is found using the women's political participation sub-index and alternative digital divide variables separately. We also find large differences in the relationship between the digital divide and women's political empowerment, depending on the country's political regime. We conclude by suggesting improving the quality of institutions, as well as improving financial systems, in order to reduce the digital divide and boost women's political participation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46233,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Economic Research","volume":"78 1","pages":"69-90"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145958134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Environmental Corporate Social Responsibility Certification Amidst One-Way International Trade: A Comparative Analysis of Non-Governmental and Governmental Certification Approaches 单向国际贸易中的环境企业社会责任认证：非政府与政府认证方式的比较分析
IF 1.2 4区 经济学
Bulletin of Economic Research Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1111/boer.70001
Chokri Aloui, Radhouane Hasni
{"title":"Environmental Corporate Social Responsibility Certification Amidst One-Way International Trade: A Comparative Analysis of Non-Governmental and Governmental Certification Approaches","authors":"Chokri Aloui,&nbsp;Radhouane Hasni","doi":"10.1111/boer.70001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/boer.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This article examines the strategic decision of a domestic firm to certify its Environmental Corporate Social Responsibility (ECSR) efforts, with certification provided either by a social planner or a non-governmental organization (NGO), in the context of competition with an uncertified foreign firm. We analyze whether the NGO and the social planner align or diverge in their pollution standardization. Our findings indicate that the NGO consistently selects a non-optimal ECSR standard, whereas the optimality of the social planner's standard depends on the severity of the environmental damage. Notably, both certifying entities tend to converge on non-optimal ECSR standards when the environmental damage severity is high, aligning with the domestic firm's ECSR investment capacity. However, divergence in the standards and their optimality occurs when the environmental damage severity is low. In this context, shifting from NGO to social planner certification reduces supply and price but increases profit for the domestic firm, as well as overall gas emissions. Despite the negative impact on consumers, this shift is socially beneficial due to the significant reduction in the ECSR investment cost. The results suggest that under lower damage severity, firms favor the social planner over the NGO as the certifier. The study underscores the importance of aligning ECSR standards with environmental conditions and firm incentives, highlighting the need to incentivize ECSR investment, balance standards, and, where necessary, transition to social planner certification for optimal and sustainable outcomes.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46233,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Economic Research","volume":"78 1","pages":"54-68"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145969945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fintech, Technology Spillover and TFP of Commercial Banks: Evidence From China 金融科技、技术溢出与商业银行全要素生产率：来自中国的证据
IF 1.2 4区 经济学
Bulletin of Economic Research Pub Date : 2025-06-17 DOI: 10.1111/boer.12504
Xin Du, Ya Bu, Qian Zhang, Hui Li
{"title":"Fintech, Technology Spillover and TFP of Commercial Banks: Evidence From China","authors":"Xin Du,&nbsp;Ya Bu,&nbsp;Qian Zhang,&nbsp;Hui Li","doi":"10.1111/boer.12504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/boer.12504","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article derives the theoretical relationship between Fintech and total factor productivity (TFP). In the empirical test, it calculates the TFP of 110 commercial banks in China from 2013 to 2020 using the non-oriented DEA-Malmquist index model. It then estimates the effects of Fintech on TFP using a dynamic panel SYSGMM model. The results show that Fintech has a direct positive spillover effect on the TFP of commercial banks. A portion of the intermediary effect existing in the growth of online banking transactions can indirectly promote the improvement of TFP. The Fintech spillover is heterogeneous, varying with different shareholding backgrounds and economic regions. City commercial banks, joint-stock commercial banks, and commercial banks in the eastern region have relatively strong technology absorption capacity. This article offers some suggestions for commercial banks to apply Fintech to improve their TFP.</p>","PeriodicalId":46233,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Economic Research","volume":"78 1","pages":"40-53"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/boer.12504","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145970159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Labor Market Segmentation and Wages in West Africa 西非的劳动力市场分割和工资
IF 1.2 4区 经济学
Bulletin of Economic Research Pub Date : 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1111/boer.12506
Monsoï Kenneth Colombiano Kponou
{"title":"Labor Market Segmentation and Wages in West Africa","authors":"Monsoï Kenneth Colombiano Kponou","doi":"10.1111/boer.12506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/boer.12506","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study analyzes the wage costs of labor market segmentation (LMS) in the private sector in eight West African countries. The article aims to first analyze the private sector's labor market by identifying its segments and their effects on wage formation and second, to compare the labor market structures of the studied countries. Using finite mixture models (FMMs), the study determined the number of segments in each country in 2018 and 2021. Our findings indicate that the LMS hypothesis in the private sector holds for all countries that share similarities in segment functioning. We also noticed that the dominant segments, except for a few countries, do not value high education.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46233,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Economic Research","volume":"78 1","pages":"27-39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145958076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How Can Inflation Contracts Discipline Central Bankers When Agents Are Learning? 当代理人正在学习时，通胀合约如何约束央行官员？
IF 1.2 4区 经济学
Bulletin of Economic Research Pub Date : 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1111/boer.12503
Marine Charlotte André, Meixing Dai
{"title":"How Can Inflation Contracts Discipline Central Bankers When Agents Are Learning?","authors":"Marine Charlotte André,&nbsp;Meixing Dai","doi":"10.1111/boer.12503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/boer.12503","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper studies, in a new Keynesian model with a positive optimal output gap, how to design linear inflation contracts to shape the central bank's incentive structure when private expectations are based on adaptive learning. In this model, under rational expectations, inflation contracts could only partially deal with the time-inconsistency problem arising from incentives for the central bank to exploit the inflation-output trade-off induced by an “overambitious” output-gap target. This is true even if the government incurs no cost related to such contracts, unlike in the Barro–Gordon framework. When agents are learning, their design should reflect the intertemporal trade-off due to learning such that the optimal inflation penalty rate decreases from the high-level set under optimal discretion and rational expectations and then approaches gradually, but does not equal, the low-level set under optimal limited commitment and rational expectations as the learning gain tends to unity.</p>","PeriodicalId":46233,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Economic Research","volume":"78 1","pages":"3-26"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/boer.12503","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145963772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Does Political Instability Affect Migrant Behavior? 政治不稳定会影响移民行为吗？
IF 1.2 4区 经济学
Bulletin of Economic Research Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1111/boer.12505
Farid Makhlouf
{"title":"Does Political Instability Affect Migrant Behavior?","authors":"Farid Makhlouf","doi":"10.1111/boer.12505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/boer.12505","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Countries of origin have long considered remittances as an important source of development. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze whether and how remittances react to political shocks in these countries. We focus on the case of Tunisia by investigating the reaction of Tunisian migrants through their remittances to the Arab Spring. Using event-study methodology adapted to the examination of remittance patterns, our results reveal that the response is significant 3 months after the Arab Spring and tends to dissipate 5 months from the occurrence of the event. Overall, migrant remittances may act as immediate and direct aid to households harmfully affected by economic crises resulting from civil unrest and political upheaval.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46233,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Economic Research","volume":"77 4","pages":"535-541"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145297107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
OECD National Educational Expenditure on Human Resources and Educational Efficiency 经合组织国家人力资源教育支出和教育效率
IF 1.2 4区 经济学
Bulletin of Economic Research Pub Date : 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.1111/boer.12502
Pao-Yu Tang, Chih-Yu Yang, Ching-Cheng Lu, Tai-Yu Lin, Yung-ho Chiu
{"title":"OECD National Educational Expenditure on Human Resources and Educational Efficiency","authors":"Pao-Yu Tang,&nbsp;Chih-Yu Yang,&nbsp;Ching-Cheng Lu,&nbsp;Tai-Yu Lin,&nbsp;Yung-ho Chiu","doi":"10.1111/boer.12502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/boer.12502","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Education is an important factor in promoting social mobility and improving the quality of human capital. The literature on educational efficiency mainly focuses on the performance of a single country or year, with little measurement of efficiency over a long period of time or on a single level of education. This research suggests that to measure a country's educational efficiency performance and to be objective, it is necessary to simultaneously measure three parts: junior high school, high school, and higher education. It extracts Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) indicators from 2012, 2015, and 2018 and establishes a three-stage network slacks-based measure (SBM) model and strategic matrix to explore efficiency and overall efficiency performance of education stages in 24 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries. Findings show that education spending in every country is on the rise, but the PISA composite indicator of international student performance is gradually declining. Estonia has the best efficiency, with an average total efficiency of 1, followed by Latvia (0.9368) and Türkiye (0.9189).</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46233,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Economic Research","volume":"77 4","pages":"521-534"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145297252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Difference in Political Ideology and Its Impact on Mergers and Acquisitions 政治意识形态差异及其对并购的影响
IF 1.2 4区 经济学
Bulletin of Economic Research Pub Date : 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.1111/boer.12501
Chune Young Chung, Dongnyoung Kim, Weishen Wang
{"title":"Difference in Political Ideology and Its Impact on Mergers and Acquisitions","authors":"Chune Young Chung,&nbsp;Dongnyoung Kim,&nbsp;Weishen Wang","doi":"10.1111/boer.12501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/boer.12501","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We examine the extent to which ideological differences between acquiring and target firms influence the likelihood of deal completion and the magnitude of announcement returns. Our empirical analysis shows that deals are 26% more likely to be completed when the political ideologies of the acquirer and target are closely aligned. This result holds even after controlling for widely accepted deal characteristics influencing both deal completion and market response to deal announcements. Furthermore, acquirers ideologically closer to their targets achieve announcement returns that are 1 to 2 percentage points higher than their more distant counterparts. This effect persists even after controlling for geographic proximity and other established determinants of announcement returns. These findings indicate that corporate political ideology plays a significant role in determining the success of mergers and acquisitions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46233,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Economic Research","volume":"77 4","pages":"501-520"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145297253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impact of COVID-19 Shock on a Segmented Labor Market: Analysis Using a Unique Panel Dataset COVID-19冲击对细分劳动力市场的影响：使用独特面板数据集的分析
IF 1.2 4区 经济学
Bulletin of Economic Research Pub Date : 2025-04-28 DOI: 10.1111/boer.12500
Satadru Das, Saurabh Ghosh, Debojyoti Mazumder, Jitendra Tushavera
{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 Shock on a Segmented Labor Market: Analysis Using a Unique Panel Dataset","authors":"Satadru Das,&nbsp;Saurabh Ghosh,&nbsp;Debojyoti Mazumder,&nbsp;Jitendra Tushavera","doi":"10.1111/boer.12500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/boer.12500","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This article studies and quantifies the impact of COVID-related shock on segmented labor market by using Periodic Labour Force Survey of India. We employ transition matrices, cumulative distribution functions, and machine learning techniques. We find that labor market outcomes, both in terms of employment status and income, became even more divergent between the formal and informal sectors during the first wave of pandemic and remained divergent in the recovery phase. The classification analysis highlights that the sector in which the worker was employed (formal or informal sector) was an important predictor of income loss during the first wave. Additionally, the decline in income was influenced by individual and household-level characteristics, whereas the recovery is explained by aggregate characteristics, like state of residence, industry and occupation classification, and employment status.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46233,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Economic Research","volume":"77 4","pages":"477-500"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145297342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Importance of Ordinal Rank Among Peers: Focusing on Height and Income 同龄人中排名顺序的重要性：关注身高和收入
IF 1.2 4区 经济学
Bulletin of Economic Research Pub Date : 2025-04-10 DOI: 10.1111/boer.12497
Dong Ook Eun, Changsu Ko
{"title":"The Importance of Ordinal Rank Among Peers: Focusing on Height and Income","authors":"Dong Ook Eun,&nbsp;Changsu Ko","doi":"10.1111/boer.12497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/boer.12497","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We explore how elementary school students' classroom ordinal height or family income rank affects their future academic performance. Using a Korean panel dataset covering multiple classrooms within each school, we exploit the feature that two students with identical height or family income can be ranked differently based on their classroom assignment. We use classroom-level dummy variables to compare students who share similar characteristics but have different classroom ranks, as these indicators absorb all linear differences across classrooms. Our results indicate that ordinal family income rank consistently and significantly impacts future academic performance, even after controlling for income levels, whereas ordinal height rank does not. Additionally, we show that a higher income rank is positively associated with students' motivation and parental support for academic achievement.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46233,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Economic Research","volume":"77 4","pages":"462-476"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145297119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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