Blood Research最新文献

{"title":"Post-transplant cyclophosphamide plus anti-thymocyte globulin decreased serum IL-6 levels when compared with post-transplant cyclophosphamide alone after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.","authors":"Jeong Suk Koh, Myung-Won Lee, Thi Thuy Duong Pham, Bu Yeon Heo, Suyoung Choi, Sang-Woo Lee, Wonhyoung Seo, Sora Kang, Seul Bi Lee, Chul Hee Kim, Hyewon Ryu, Hyuk Soo Eun, Hyo-Jin Lee, Hwan-Jung Yun, Deog-Yeon Jo, Ik-Chan Song","doi":"10.1007/s44313-024-00049-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44313-024-00049-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Post-transplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy) and anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) are common prophylactic strategies for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT). Interleukin (IL)-6 is a surrogate marker for cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and acute GVHD.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The clinical outcomes and complications of haplo-HSCT with PTCy plus ATG versus PTCy monotherapy were compared according to serum IL-6 levels at Chungnam National University Hospital (Daejeon, South Korea) from January 2019 to February 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty patients who underwent haplo-HSCT were analyzed. A significant difference in IL-6 levels was observed between the PTCy plus ATG and PTCy alone groups (7.47 ± 10.55 vs. 117.65 ± 127.67; p = 0.003). More patients in the PTCy plus ATG group had a CRS grade of 0 than in the PTCy alone group (p < 0.001). Serum IL-6 levels were associated with grades II-IV acute GVHD (r = 0.547, p < 0.001). The cumulative incidence (CI) of grades II-IV acute GVHD was significantly higher in the PTCy alone group (67.9% vs. 4.8%; p < 0.001). No significant difference in the CI for chronic GVHD was detected between the PTCy plus ATG and PTCy alone groups (72.1% vs. 82.0%; p = 0.730). The CI of 1-year non-relapse mortality was significantly higher in the PTCy alone group than in the PTCy plus ATG group (42.2% vs. 15.9%; p = 0.022). The 1-year overall survival (OS) was significantly better in the PTCy plus ATG group (75.9% vs. 35.3%; p = 0.011). The 1-year GVHD-free, relapse-free survival rate was 29.4% in the PTCy alone group and 54.0% in the PTCy plus ATG group (p = 0.038).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serum IL-6 levels were higher in the PTCy alone group than in the PTCy plus ATG group. The addition of ATG before stem cell infusion affected IL-6 levels and reduced the incidences of CRS and grade II-IV acute GVHD in haplo-HSCT patients. This study suggests that PTCy plus ATG as GVHD prophylaxis in haplo-HSCT is beneficial in terms of clinical outcomes and complications of HSCT.</p>","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":"60 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11735700/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142985173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of bortezomib combined with Hyper-CVAD in adults with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia or positive measurable residual disease; effect of bortezomib in leukemia.","authors":"Christian Omar Ramos Peñafiel, Daniela Pérez Sámano, Adán Germán Gallardo Rodríguez, Camila Terreros Palacio, Irma Olarte Carrillo, Carlos Martínez Murillo, Gilberto Barranco Lampón, Álvaro Cabrera García, Adolfo Martínez Tovar","doi":"10.1007/s44313-024-00050-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44313-024-00050-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Despite advances in the treatment of adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), relapse remains the most significant challenge in improving prognosis. Measurable residual disease (MRD) assessment can predict bone marrow relapse based on MRD positivity. As access to innovative therapies remains limited because of the high cost, chemotherapy is the widely utilized treatment option. The efficacy of a combination of bortezomib and Hyper-CVAD has been reported in patients with multiple myeloma; however, its efficacy has not yet been confirmed in patients with ALL.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study involved patients with ALL who presented with MRD-positive results or relapse and received treatment with a combination of bortezomib and Hyper-CVAD at two reference centers in Mexico City.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 20 patients with positive MRD included in this study, 60% (n = 12) exhibited MRD negative results after combination treatment, 30% (n = 6) persisted positive MRD results, and 10% (n = 2) passed away. Of the 23 patients with bone marrow relapse, 43.5% (n = 10) achieved a second complete remission (2CR), 34.8% (n = 6) exhibited refractory status, and 21.7% (n = 5) passed away. To achieve a 2CR, 20% (n = 2) patients required less than four cycles of treatment, 50% (n = 5) required four cycles (two A and B cycles each), and 30% (n = 3) required six cycles.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combination of bortezomib and Hyper-CVAD treatment exhibited better results in achieving MRD negative results, indicating its potential as a promising first-line treatment strategy for ALL.</p>","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":"60 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11732791/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic neoplasms: clinical implications of myelodysplasia‑related genes mutations and TP53 aberrations.","authors":"Hyunwoo Kim, Ja Young Lee, Shinae Yu, Eunkyoung Yoo, Hye Ran Kim, Sang Min Lee, Won Sik Lee","doi":"10.1007/s44313-025-00054-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44313-025-00054-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":"60 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11729600/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142972595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pseudo Chediak-Higashi anomaly in a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.","authors":"Biyun Yi, Mengying Zeng","doi":"10.1007/s44313-024-00052-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44313-024-00052-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":"60 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11711872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relative efficacy of systemic treatments for patients with relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a network meta-analysis according to 17p deletion/TP53 mutations.","authors":"Jinchul Kim, Jinhyun Cho, Joo Han Lim, Moon Hee Lee","doi":"10.1007/s44313-024-00038-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44313-024-00038-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This network meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the relative efficacy of systemic treatments in patients with relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (R/R CLL), focusing on key genetic mutations, specifically the 17p deletion and TP53 mutations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic literature review to identify all publicly available randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane database, and meeting abstracts published through December 2023. A Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) for progression-free survival (PFS) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and to determine the ranking of the included regimens.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve trials involving 4,437 patients and 13 treatment options were included in the meta-analysis. Venetoclax plus rituximab and zanubrutinib emerged as the most effective treatments for the overall R/R CLL population, showing the lowest PFS HR (HR 0.62, 95% CI 0.32-1.20 and HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.49-0.86, respectively) versus ibrutinib, and were ranked as the best agent (surface under the cumulative ranking curve [SUCRA] value of both 90%, respectively) among the included drugs. In the 17p deletion/TP53 mutation subgroup, zanubrutinib demonstrated the most favorable efficacy (HR 0.52, 95% CI 0.31-0.88 versus ibrutinib) with the highest SUCRA value (97%). In patients without these mutations, venetoclax plus rituximab was the most effective (HR 0.49, 95% CI 0.26-0.94 versus ibrutinib) with a SUCRA value of 94%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings highlight the superior efficacy of venetoclax plus rituximab and zanubrutinib for treating R/R CLL and confirm that the role of each regimen may vary depending on the clinically significant mutations.</p>","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":"60 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11695543/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142923614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RAD51 and RAD50 genetic polymorphisms from homologous recombination repair pathway are associated with disease outcomes and organ toxicities in AML.","authors":"Alireza Mohseni, Gholamreza Toogeh, Shahrbano Rostami, Mohammad Faranoush, Mohammad Jafar Sharifi","doi":"10.1007/s44313-024-00033-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44313-024-00033-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous malignancy that responds to various therapies. The sensitivity of leukemia cells to chemotherapy is affected by the DNA damage response (DDR). In this study, we examined the association between RAD51 rs1801320, XRCC3 rs861539, NBS1 rs1805794, MRE11 rs569143, and RAD50 rs2299014 variants of the homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway and AML outcomes.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>PCR-RFLP was applied for the genotyping of 67 newly diagnosed cases. We performed Sanger sequencing to confirm the results of RFLP genotyping. Outcomes and organ toxicities were collected and χ² testing was performed for association analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RAD50 variant allele carriers were protected from renal and hepatic toxicities (p = 0.024 and p = 0.045, respectively), and were associated with resistant disease (p = 0.001). RAD51 variant alleles were protected from liver toxicity (p = 0.031) and correlated with disease resistance (p = 0.012).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>RAD50 rs2299014 and RAD51 rs1801320 polymorphisms may be useful for drug adjustment in AML.</p>","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":"59 1","pages":"46"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11685162/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142910919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence and outcomes of subsequent malignancy after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in adult patients with severe aplastic anemia.","authors":"Daehun Kwag, Sung-Soo Park, Sung-Eun Lee, Hee-Je Kim, Jong Wook Lee","doi":"10.1007/s44313-024-00046-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44313-024-00046-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study investigated the occurrence of subsequent malignancies (SM) in adult patients with severe aplastic anemia (SAA) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) to address the lack of large-scale, long-term data on this complication.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort analysis of 376 adult patients with SAA who underwent allo-HSCT between 2002 and 2021 at a single center was conducted. The incidence, risk factors, and survival impact of SM were also examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the follow-up period, 31 cases of SM (8.2%) were identified. Approximately one-third (32.3%) of SM cases were hematologic malignancies, including post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (16.1%), myelodysplastic neoplasm (6.5%), and acute myeloid leukemia (3.2%). Solid tumors accounted for 67.7% of cases, with thyroid cancer being the most prevalent (25.8%). The 15-year cumulative incidence of SM was 11.2%, and the hazard ratio for overall survival according to the development of SM was 16.25 (p < 0.001). High-dose total body irradiation (TBI), anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG), and moderate-to-severe chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) were identified as significant risk factors for subsequent malignancy. Post-transplant SAA patients exhibited a 3.54-fold higher observed cancer incidence than the expected incidence calculated from the age-, sex-, and calendar year-matched general population.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SM is a significant long-term complication in patients with posttransplant SAA and has a substantial survival impact. Patients receiving high-dose TBI or ATG, and those with moderate-to-severe chronic GVHD, require vigilant long-term monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":"59 1","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11668717/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142883288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategies for integrating ChatGPT and generative AI into clinical studies.","authors":"Jeong-Moo Lee","doi":"10.1007/s44313-024-00045-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44313-024-00045-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Large language models, specifically ChatGPT, are revolutionizing clinical research by improving content creation and providing specific useful features. These technologies can transform clinical research, including data collection, analysis, interpretation, and results sharing. However, integrating these technologies into the academic writing workflow poses significant challenges. In this review, I investigated the integration of large-language model-based AI tools into clinical research, focusing on practical implementation strategies and addressing the ethical considerations associated with their use. Additionally, I provide examples of the safe and sound use of generative AI in clinical research and emphasize the need to ensure that AI-generated outputs are reliable and valid in scholarly writing settings. In conclusion, large language models are a powerful tool for organizing and expressing ideas efficiently; however, they have limitations. Writing an academic paper requires critical analysis and intellectual input from the authors. Moreover, AI-generated text must be carefully reviewed to reflect the authors' insights. These AI tools significantly enhance the efficiency of repetitive research tasks, although challenges related to plagiarism detection and ethical use persist.</p>","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":"59 1","pages":"45"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11668709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142883289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell exosomes suppress JAK/STAT signaling pathway in acute myeloid leukemia in vitro.","authors":"Sahar Jalilivand, Maryam Nabigol, Mehdi Bakhtiyaridovvombaygi, Ahmad Gharehbaghian","doi":"10.1007/s44313-024-00051-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44313-024-00051-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite advances in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), refractory forms of this malignancy and relapse remain common. Therefore, development of novel, synergistic targeted therapies are needed urgently. Recently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to be effective in treating various diseases, with most of their therapeutic outcomes attributed to their exosomes. In the current study, we investigated the effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BM-MSC) exosomes on the expression of the Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling genes involved in AML pathogenesis.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Exosomes were isolated from BM-MSCs and confirmed using transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and flow cytometry. Subsequently, the exosome concentration was estimated using the bicinchoninic acid assay, and HL-60 cells were cocultured with 100 µg/mL of BM-MSC exosomes. Finally, the JAK2, STAT3, and STAT5 expression levels were analyzed using qRT-PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The exosome characterization results confirmed that most isolated nanoparticles exhibited a round morphology, expressed CD9, CD63, and CD81, which are specific protein markers for exosome identification, and ranged between 80 and 100 nm in diameter. Furthermore, qRT-PCR analysis revealed a significant downregulation of JAK2, STAT3, and STAT5 in HL-60 cells treated with 100 μg/mL of BM-MSC exosomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Since JAK/STAT signaling contributes to AML survival, our findings suggest that the downregulation of JAK/STAT genes by BM-MSC exosomes in leukemic cells may aid in designing a potent therapeutic strategy for AML treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":"59 1","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11662102/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased IDO expression and regulatory T cells in acute myeloid leukemia: implications for immune escape and therapeutic targeting.","authors":"Raziyeh Hakak, Behzad Poopak, Ahmad Majd","doi":"10.1007/s44313-024-00048-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44313-024-00048-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to determine the frequency of regulatory T cells (Tregs) (CD4⁺/FOXP3⁺) and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) expression in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional case-control study was conducted between Jan 2022 and Dec 2023. Bone marrow samples were collected from 20 healthy individuals and 15 patients with AML. Flow cytometry, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and western blotting were used to evaluate the frequency of Treg and IDO expression levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Treg percentage among total lymphocytes was lower in the AML group than that in the normal group. However, Treg percentage among T-helper (Th) lymphocytes was significantly higher in the AML group than that in the normal group (p < 0.05). The mean IDO expression in the AML group was significantly higher than that in the normal group (p = 0.004). A significant relationship was observed between IDO expression and Treg percentage among Th lymphocytes in the AML group (correlation = 0.637; p = 0.003). Moreover, western blot analysis showed a significant increase in IDO protein intensity in the AML group compared with that in the control group (p < 0.001). A significant difference was observed between the IDO concentrations in the AML group and that in the control group (p < 0.001). In addition, a significant difference between TGF-β levels in the AML group and those in the control group (p < 0.01) was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IDO inhibition using novel IDO inhibitors along with chemotherapy is a promising approach to overcome the immune escape mechanisms in patients with AML, who exhibit increased levels of IDO expression and Tregs.</p>","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":"59 1","pages":"42"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11655893/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142856192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}