Argumentation最新文献_第10页

Socratic Irony and Argumentation 苏格拉底的反讽与论证

IF 1.2 2区文学

Argumentation Pub Date : 2021-11-06 DOI: 10.1007/s10503-021-09556-0

Timo Airaksinen

{"title":"Socratic Irony and Argumentation","authors":"Timo Airaksinen","doi":"10.1007/s10503-021-09556-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10503-021-09556-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Socratic irony can be understood independently of the immortal heroics of Plato’s Socrates. We need a systematic account and criticism of it both as a debate-winning strategy of argumentation and teaching method. The Speaker introduces an issue pretending to be at a lower intellectual level than her co-debaters, or Participants. An Audience looks over and evaluates the results. How is it possible that the Speaker like Socrates is, consistently, in the winning position? The situation is ironic because the Participants fight from a losing position but realize it too late. Socratic irony compares with divine irony: divine irony is a subtype of Socratic irony since you lose when you challenge gods. Socratic irony is also, prima facie, a subtype of dramatic irony when the Audience knows more than the Participants on the stage<b>.</b> We must distinguish between the ideal and realistic elements of Socratic Irony. The very idea of Socratic irony looks idealized, or it is an ideal case, which explains the Speaker’s consistently winning position. In real life, the debate must be rigged, or the Dutch Book argument applies to the Participants, if the Speaker is so successful.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46219,"journal":{"name":"Argumentation","volume":"36 1","pages":"85 - 100"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10503-021-09556-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50456721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Reasonable Reconstruction of Socratic Irony in Public Discourse 公共话语中苏格拉底反讽的合理重构

IF 1.2 2区文学

Argumentation Pub Date : 2021-10-29 DOI: 10.1007/s10503-021-09557-z

Michael J. Hoppmann

引用次数: 4

Evaluating Reasoning in Natural Arguments: A Procedural Approach 自然论证中的推理评价：一种程序方法

IF 1.2 2区文学

Argumentation Pub Date : 2021-09-30 DOI: 10.1007/s10503-021-09555-1

Martin Hinton, Jean H. M. Wagemans

引用次数: 11

Getting Out in Front of the Owl of Minerva Problem 在Minerva的猫头鹰面前脱身问题

IF 1.2 2区文学

Argumentation Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10503-021-09554-2

David Godden

{"title":"Getting Out in Front of the Owl of Minerva Problem","authors":"David Godden","doi":"10.1007/s10503-021-09554-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10503-021-09554-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Our meta-argumentative vocabulary supplies the conceptual tools used to reflectively analyse, regulate, and evaluate our argumentative performances. Yet, this vocabulary is susceptible to misunderstanding and abuse in ways that make possible new discursive mistakes and pathologies. Thus, our efforts to self-regulate our reason-transacting practices by articulating their norms makes possible new ways to violate and flout those very norms. Scott Aikin identifies the structural possibility of this vicious feedback loop as the Owl of Minerva Problem. In the spirit of a shared concern for the flourishing or our rational, argumentative practices, this paper approaches the Owl of Minerva Problem from a vantage point that, by comparison with Aikin’s, affords perspectives that are more pessimistic in some aspects and more optimistic in others. Pessimistically, the problem at the root of the weaponization of our meta-argumentative vocabulary is motivational, not structural. Its motivational nature explains its resistance to the normal repertoire of reparative (meta-)argumentative maneuvers, as well as revealing a profound and deeply entrenched misunderstanding of the connection between our reasons-transacting practices and the goods achievable within them. Optimistically, in the absence of this motivational problem, the misunderstandings and errors made possible by our meta-argumentative vocabularies are amenable to remedy by familiar techniques of discursive instruction and repair. More optimistically, even though our meta-argumentative vocabularies are generated only retrospectively, they can be used prospectively, thereby making possible an aspirational motivation resulting in a virtuous cycle of increasingly autonomous normative self-regulation. Properly harnessed, the Owl of Minerva releases the Lark of Arete.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46219,"journal":{"name":"Argumentation","volume":"36 1","pages":"35 - 60"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10503-021-09554-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50438041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Adversariality in Argumentation: Shortcomings of Minimal Adversariality and A Possible Reconstruction 辩论中的对抗性：最小对抗性的不足与可能的重建

IF 1.2 2区文学

Argumentation Pub Date : 2021-07-13 DOI: 10.1007/s10503-021-09553-3

Iñaki Xavier Larrauri Pertierra

引用次数: 0

Associating Ethos with Objects: Reasoning from Character of Public Figures to Actions in the World 将民族与对象联系起来：从公众人物性格到世界行为的推理

IF 1.2 2区文学

Argumentation Pub Date : 2021-05-28 DOI: 10.1007/s10503-021-09552-4

Katarzyna Budzynska, Marcin Koszowy, Martín Pereira-Fariña

{"title":"Associating Ethos with Objects: Reasoning from Character of Public Figures to Actions in the World","authors":"Katarzyna Budzynska, Marcin Koszowy, Martín Pereira-Fariña","doi":"10.1007/s10503-021-09552-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10503-021-09552-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ethotic arguments, such as arguments from expert opinion and ad hominem arguments, play an important role in communication practice. In this paper, we argue that there is another type of reasoning from ethos, in which people argue about actions in the world. These subspecies of ethotic arguments are very common in public debates: societies are involved in heated disputes about what should be done with monuments of historical figures such as Stalin or Colston: <i>Should we demolish the building they funded? Should we revere their statues? Should the street named after them be renamed?</i>; and the general public vividly argue about what should be done with the legacy of producers, directors and actors in debates of the <i>#MeToo</i> movement: <i>Should their new movies be distributed? Should their scenes be deleted from motion pictures? Should their stars from the Hollywood Walk of Fame be removed?</i> Many arguments in these debates boil down to the character of the public figures: <i>He was a slave trader!—But he is a part of our history; He harassed a young girl!—But he is an important actor</i>. The reasoning step here is legitimised by the association between a person and an extra-linguistic object: the association between a historical figure and their statue or between an actor and their movie. The nature of this association is explained in the paper using Peirce’s theory of signs. We propose to extend an existing approach to patterns of reasoning from ethos that will help us to shed new light on ethotic argumentation and open an avenue for a systematic account of these unexplored argument forms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46219,"journal":{"name":"Argumentation","volume":"35 4","pages":"519 - 549"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10503-021-09552-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50521755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Modal Qualification and the Speech-Act of Arguing in LNMA: Practical Aspects and a Theoretical Issue 模态限定与LNMA中的辩论言语行为：实践与理论问题

IF 1.2 2区文学

Argumentation Pub Date : 2021-05-10 DOI: 10.1007/s10503-021-09551-5

Alejandro Secades Gómez

引用次数: 0

Christopher W. Tindale: The Anthropology of Argument: Cultural Foundations of Rhetoric and Reason 克里斯托弗·廷代尔：论证人类学：修辞学和理性的文化基础

IF 1.2 2区文学

Argumentation Pub Date : 2021-04-15 DOI: 10.1007/s10503-021-09550-6

Dale Hample

引用次数: 2

Designing Critical Questions for Argumentation Schemes 为论证方案设计关键问题

IF 1.2 2区文学

Argumentation Pub Date : 2021-04-09 DOI: 10.1007/s10503-021-09549-z

Michael D. Baumtrog

{"title":"Designing Critical Questions for Argumentation Schemes","authors":"Michael D. Baumtrog","doi":"10.1007/s10503-021-09549-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10503-021-09549-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper offers insights into the nature and design of critical questions as they are found in argumentation schemes. In the first part of the paper, I address some general concerns regarding their purpose and formulation. These include a discussion of their evaluative function, their relationship with the patterns of reasoning they accompany, as well as the differing formulations of critical questions currently on offer. I argue that the purpose of critical questions for humans ought to be to provide the means for a scalar evaluation of the reasoning at hand. To do so, critical questions should be closely paired with individual premises in the accompanying pattern of reasoning and be open-ended. Doing so allows the roles of raising considerations relevant for the reasoning and scrutinizing those considerations to be clearly distinguished. In the second part of the paper, I offer a positive methodological proposal for the construction of questions and premises that aims at overcoming a number of the individual and systematic shortcomings of extant question styles. The paper concludes by arguing that the newly proposed approach is both normatively strong and practically useful for argumentation in context.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46219,"journal":{"name":"Argumentation","volume":"35 4","pages":"629 - 643"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10503-021-09549-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50464520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Compliance with EU Law and Argumentative Discourse: Representing the EU as a Problem-Solving Multilevel Governance System through Discursive Structures of Argumentation 遵守欧盟法律与论证话语——从论证结构看欧盟作为一个解决问题的多层次治理体系

IF 1.2 2区文学

Argumentation Pub Date : 2021-03-27 DOI: 10.1007/s10503-021-09548-0

Maria Ferreira

{"title":"Compliance with EU Law and Argumentative Discourse: Representing the EU as a Problem-Solving Multilevel Governance System through Discursive Structures of Argumentation","authors":"Maria Ferreira","doi":"10.1007/s10503-021-09548-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10503-021-09548-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper analyzes how, during the Juncker Presidency (2014–2019), the European Commission employed argumentative strategies to address the question of member-states’ compliance with European Union (EU) law. There is a literature gap regarding how European leaders employ argumentative strategies to coax member-states to comply with EU legislation and how those strategies can be associated with multilevel governance designs and problem-solving approaches. Building on van Eemeren and Grootendorst’s (A systematic theory of argumentation. The Pragma-dialectical approach, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2004) pragma-dialectical approach to argumentation, the paper explores what dialectical and rhetorical strategies were employed by the Juncker European Commission to build an argumentative regime where the question of compliance with European Union law is articulated with the representation of the European Union as an efficient multilevel governance system. Starting from the distinction between procedural and operational concepts of problem-solving in multilevel governance polities (Maggetti in Public Administration 97:355–369, 2019), the paper questions whether the Juncker Commission’s arguments on the need to ensure European Union law compliance favor a particular conception of problem-solving in multilevel governance systems. The paper argues that the argumentative strategies employed by the Juncker European Commission in the field of compliance reveal a preference for an operational notion of problem-solving combined with some aspects of a more procedural perspective of problem-solving in multilevel governance polities. The background of this paper is associated with the growing impact that European legislation has on member-states and also with the efforts developed by the Juncker European Commission in discussing how to improve EU regulation to increase compliance with EU law.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46219,"journal":{"name":"Argumentation","volume":"35 4","pages":"645 - 665"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10503-021-09548-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50518504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0