History and Anthropology最新文献

{"title":"The travelled landscape of Benjamin Harrison and the imagined eolithic world of the Kentish Weald","authors":"Angela Muthana, Roy Ellen","doi":"10.1080/02757206.2023.2288648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02757206.2023.2288648","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46201,"journal":{"name":"History and Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139008740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond Idi Amin: urban militarization, Africanization and materiality in Kampalans’ experiences of expulsion","authors":"Benjamin Twagira","doi":"10.1080/02757206.2023.2275782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02757206.2023.2275782","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46201,"journal":{"name":"History and Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139222778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expulsions: Knowledge, temporality, and materiality in Africa","authors":"Tasha Rijke-Epstein, Edgar Taylor","doi":"10.1080/02757206.2023.2275784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02757206.2023.2275784","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTExpulsions remake knowledge and experience of time, space and the body. However, they have largely been studied and theorized through histories of Europe or within contemporary global racial capitalism, sheared off its longer global histories. This special issue anchors the study of expulsions in historical experiences and conceptualizations from a variety of African contexts over time. Expulsions are tightly entwined with the formation of knowledge and power-including area studies and academic disciplines, national citizenship and the making of nation-states. This introduction charts the ways expulsions as time-bending and chronology-blurring processes are integral to the naturalization of communities, groups and the body as subjects of scholarly and political work. At the same time, it argues that expulsions are relational, violent processes that defy temporal bounding, move across spatial scales and dislodge epistemological logic. Material landscapes are key sites through which expulsive processes are mediated, embedded and remembered, even as they are impinged upon by the violence of expulsions. This special issue argues that the study of expulsions opens conceptual questions about how knowledge, time and material forms are constituted.KEYWORDS: Expulsionviolencearea studiescolonialismAfrica AcknowledgementsWe would like to thank the Centre for Indian Studies in Africa at the University of the Witwatersrand and the Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung in South Africa for supporting this project in its early phases. We would like to thank all of the participants at the conference in Johannesburg and at the African Studies Association annual meeting in Atlanta. We would also like to appreciate Pamela Ballinger, Christian Williams, James Brennan for their critical feedback on an earlier version of this introduction.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 Recent work has taken a similar approach to exile (Carpenter and Lawrance Citation2018; Ricci Citation2016; Williams Citation2015).2 Benjamin Kedar made this point most forcefully, contending that state-sponsored expulsion is ‘an unclaimed offspring … of Western European civilization’ (Citation1996, 166, 179).3 We thank Pamela Ballinger for this point.4 Archaeologist Astrid Lindenlauf (Citation2004) describes the role of the sea as an ‘away-place’ in ancient Greece, and links this to contemporary conceptions of ‘away-places’ for discarding waste.5 When expulsion is entangled with expatriation, however, it may expose the impermanence or misrecognition of an ostensible homeland.6 On 'interscalar vehicles’, see Hecht (Citation2018).7 The CISA conference organized by Taylor, ‘Expulsions: Histories, Geographies, Memories’, was supported by the Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung. The ASA panels organized by Taylor and Rijke-Epstein were titled ‘Expulsions and the Materiality of Place-Making’. We thank all of the participants in these occasions, including the late Pie","PeriodicalId":46201,"journal":{"name":"History and Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135042456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘A twenty-four hour job’. Hildred and Clifford Geertz’s first foray into the field and the scholarly persona of the ethnographer","authors":"Matteo Bortolini","doi":"10.1080/02757206.2023.2275787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02757206.2023.2275787","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe paper details how, during the 'Modjokuto Project' of 1952–1954, Hildred and Clifford Geertz embodied in their decisions and actions the ‘Malinowskian palimpsest’ of the lonely ethnographer, thus creating a series of oppositions between their individualistic understanding of the ethnographer and the needs of teamwork in the field. Apart from the historical record, this reconstruction aims at focusing on several questions in the history of cultural anthropology and the social sciences: How do ethnographers come to understand their professional role and the specific scientific virtues attached to it? How are scholarly personae and other cognitive-normative schemas put to the test (and modified) during fieldwork? How does the lack of methodological reflection on the ways of the anthropologist impact on the completion of specific research projects and, more generally, the reproduction of professional lore and structures?KEYWORDS: Scholarly personaethnographyClifford GeertzHildred GeertzteamworkCold War social science AcknowledgementsThanks to the participants in the George W. Stocking, Jr., Symposium (Seattle, 12 November 2022), the members of the Anthropology group of the Consortium for History of Science, Technology, and Medicine (1 February 2023), and two anonymous reviewers from History and Anthropology. I would especially like to acknowledge the help of Karen Blu, Freddy Foks, Matt Watson, Alice Kehoe, Herb Lewis, Jason Pribilski, Tullio Viola, Stephen Foster, Stephen Turner, Gary Alan Fine, David H. Price, Hans Bakker, Harlan Stelmach, Bijan Warner, Andrea Cossu, Gerardo Ienna, Giovanni Zampieri, and Zhe Yu Lee. Archival materials are cited by courtesy of Karen Blu and the Harvard University Archives. This article is dedicated to the memory of Hilly Geertz, whom I had the fortune to meet for one last interview in September 2021.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 I wrote this article using mainly letters written by Clifford and Hildred Geertz to friends and relatives in America and preserved as part of the Geertz Papers (henceforth CGP) at the Special Collections Library of the University of Chicago. Their copious fieldnotes from the period were checked to confirm my hypotheses, but were not incorporated into the text as a deeply reflected-upon decision on my part. The letters that ethnographers write home might have different functions, especially if fieldwork is conducted in a faraway land and relatives, friends, and colleagues might have expressed their worry about, or even opposition against, the trip. Letters might thus involve (and almost certainly do) a Goffmanian front/backstage dynamic, where ‘the personal, the familiar, the intimate’ (Dobson Citation2009, 57) are intertwined with encouraging words written in order to reassure the receiver. To make a careful selection and hierarchization of the sources it becomes crucial to understand the reciprocal positioning of sender","PeriodicalId":46201,"journal":{"name":"History and Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135684515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thriving in modernity: Crisis and mimesis in the life-experiences of Padre Pio and Ernesto De Martino","authors":"Rosario Forlenza","doi":"10.1080/02757206.2023.2275785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02757206.2023.2275785","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThis article examines the life experience of and the enduring devotion for Padre Pio (1887–1968) – a Capuchin friar and the most popular saint of twenty-first century Catholicism – through the work and conceptual toolkit of anthropologist Ernesto De Martino (1908–1965), one of the most talented intellectuals of twentieth century Italy. Southern Italian neighbours, De Martino conducted ethnographic research on magic and popular religiosity there just as the popularity of Padre Pio exploded out of southern Italy across the globe. The main argument of this article is that De Martino's insights on mimesis and repetition shed light on the life-experience of Pio and the enduring success of his cult, owing to a combination of social, cultural, and psychological factors that thrive from within modernity. In addition, the article shows how the work of De Martino is relevant to scholars across disciplines – historians, anthropologists, sociologists – who are investigating the relationship of society, religion and the sacred.KEYWORDS: CrisisimitationErnesto De Martinomodernity and traditionPadre Pio AcknowledgementsI would like to thank the anonymous peer reviewers of History and Anthropology, for their challenging criticism and constructive remarks, Kristina Stoeckl, Marco Martino, Bjørn Thomassen and Joseph Viscomi, for their generous and helpful comments and illuminating advices on this piece, and Mike Bluett, who edited and proofread the manuscript with creativity and scrupulous care.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 According to a 2001 poll, 53% of Italians said that they would turn their faith first to Padre Pio in dire circumstances; see Messori Citation2001.2 The expression is from Max Weber.3 See now De Martino Citation2015; the work of anthropologist George Saunders is one of the few attempts to bring De Martino into the English-speaking world; Saunders Citation1993; see also Zinn Citation2015; Geisshuesler Citation2021.4 The notion of ‘reading experience’ indicates the formative ‘encounter’ with ‘a certain work that struck a chord with personal experiences’, generating an intellectual and existential drive (Szakolczai Citation1998, 212).5 The apostolic visitor (Monsignor Carlo Maccari) left San Giovanni unimpressed by Pio and horrified by the cult that surrounded him, which he described as ‘idolatry and perhaps even heresy … superstition and magic'. He nonetheless acknowledged his extraordinary magnetic attraction; Luzzatto Citation2010, 276.6 Tarantismo continued to be practiced until the 1960s, when it slowly declined. It is now popular as a doorway to personal happiness and health; see Del Giudice Citation2005.7 Three of the Gospels narrate that a man called Symon, from the town of Cyrene (a Greek city in the province of Cyrenaica, today's Eastern Libya), was compelled by the Romans to carry the cross of Jesus on his way to crucifixion. The Cyrenean is therefore the symbol of the","PeriodicalId":46201,"journal":{"name":"History and Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135819410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"St Adalbert as a stranger-king: The heroization and estrangement of a holy man in the Middle Ages","authors":"Wojtek Jezierski","doi":"10.1080/02757206.2023.2275786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02757206.2023.2275786","url":null,"abstract":"There was no holy king in Poland during the Middle Ages. Although the Piast polity belonged to the North-eastern European periphery (East-Central Europe and Scandinavia), where essentially all post-1000 CE polities boasted dynastic martyred holy rulers of native origin, the Piasts never elevated a member of their kin to such a position. The present article takes this puzzling exception as a point of departure to advance the argument that the episcopal holy patron of Poland of Bohemian origin – St Adalbert (c. 956–997) – may in many regards be interpreted as a version of Marshall Sahlins’s stranger-king. By combining anthropological theory and comparative evidence, the article explores the locally produced hagiographical sources from the twelfth to the fifteenth centuries in order to demonstrate how St Adalbert’s heroic status and retroactively invented ethnic and sacral otherness were exploited for the purposes of institutional and king-like legitimacy vis-à-vis the Polish people. In its conclusions the article argues that concepts and comparative methods from political anthropology can help us to reconsider the category of holy rulers and offer new ways of reading hagiographical sources as political treatises.","PeriodicalId":46201,"journal":{"name":"History and Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135819153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An archaeology of interruption: Expulsion and hiatus in Southern Africa’s long past","authors":"Rachel King","doi":"10.1080/02757206.2023.2275783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02757206.2023.2275783","url":null,"abstract":"The long career of hiatus – as a heuristic and archaeological reality – in southern Africa’s past demonstrates how episodes of interruption (which differs from rupture) offer insight into expulsion. I emphasize the cadences of interruptions, associations with movement (or lack thereof) and violence, and the role of non-human participants.","PeriodicalId":46201,"journal":{"name":"History and Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135819414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expelled from public memory: Cato Manor and the segregation of memory in South Africa","authors":"Thomas Blom Hansen","doi":"10.1080/02757206.2023.2275789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02757206.2023.2275789","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46201,"journal":{"name":"History and Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135872032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Being Bhil: The politics of becoming indigenous in India and Pakistan","authors":"Mustafa Khan, Vikramaditya Thakur","doi":"10.1080/02757206.2023.2261960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02757206.2023.2261960","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThis article, based on ethnographic fieldwork and archival data, examines the limits of indigeneity and the role of the nation state in unintentionally fostering or discouraging identity formations of certain kinds. It focuses on Bhils, the largest ‘tribal’ group in South Asia with a population of around 17 million, to ask why they are seen as ‘indigenous’ in India though not in Pakistan. It shows how the colonial category of ‘tribes’ for the Bhils has been sustained and strengthened in postcolonial India due to institutional and bureaucratic practices, vernacular publications, upper-caste and transnational activism while a different set of actions by the state of Pakistan have resulted in absence of such ‘regimes of discipline.’ This divergent scenario is contrasted with a field view of the rural countryside by describing the complexity of self-identity and claims-making of the Bhils around the Narmada Valley, India and Tharparkar, Sindh province, Pakistan. The identity claims of the Bhils in both the countries, ranging from Kshatriya (upper-caste warriors) to Dalits (formerly ‘untouchable’ castes) show striking similarities, though also differ at times and is mostly at odds with the global indigeneity discourse and the administrative categories.KEYWORDS: Indigeneityscheduled tribeBhilsIndiaPakistan Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 Names of all persons and villages have been anonymized except those well-established in public domain. All Bengali, Bhili, Hindi and Marathi translations are by Thakur for India. For Pakistan, all Sindhi and Urdu translations are by Khan. Fieldwork was conducted without the use of translators. Archival records are from British Library, London (BL) and Nandurbar District Record Room (NDRR). Both authors wish to express their gratitude to Ezra Rashkow, K. Sivaramakrishnan, Edward Simpson, Richard Axelby, Jayaseelan Raj, Sohini Chattopadhyay and the two anonymous reviewers of History and Anthropology for their comments on the various drafts. Khan is grateful to Chethan Bhil, Mahesh Bhil, Vikram Das, Irfan Khan and Dominic Stephen, as well as other friends and activists, including officials of the Bhil Intellectual Forum in Tharparkar. Fieldwork was supported by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union (EU). Thakur is grateful to Chunnilal Brahmane, Vanita Brahmane, Janarth Adivasi Vikas Sanstha of Shahada, Comrade Kishore Dhamale, Pratibha Shinde, Sanjay Mahajan, Lok Sangharsh Morcha, Narmada Bachao Andolan, Amarjit Bargal, Dipak Kulkarni, Nandurbar District Collector’s Office, British Library, London, and the hundreds of Bhil friends from dozens of villages, too many to be named individually, for their support over the years. Fieldwork was supported by grants from the Yale Agrarian Studies, Yale MacMillan Center, American Institute of Indian Studies, the EU’s ERC, the UK Economic and Social Research Council and University of Delaware’s","PeriodicalId":46201,"journal":{"name":"History and Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135590996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The rise and demise of Ashkenazi cuisine in Israel/Palestine: The marginalization of the foodways of a hegemonic ethnicity","authors":"Rafi Grosglik, Nir Avieli","doi":"10.1080/02757206.2023.2261965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02757206.2023.2261965","url":null,"abstract":"Food plays a central role in the construction of national and ethnic identities. This article examines the marginalization of Ashkenazi (Jews of European descent) cuisine in Israel/Palestine, despite the dominance and hegemonic status of Ashkenazi identity in Israeli society. By examining the foodways of a ‘hegemonic ethnicity’, we expand upon previous research on ethnic identities in migrant communities. By analyzing the culinary processes of adaptation, simplification, and vulgarization that East-European fare underwent in Israel/Palestine, as well as the social contexts of the centrality of the Holocaust in Israeli cosmology and the consolidation of Mizrahi identity, we explain the rise, demise (and, perhaps, revival) of Ashkenazi cuisine in this country. Drawing on ethnographic and primary historical sources, this socio-historical analysis uncovers the intermittent processes of marginalization and estrangement, as well as the dynamic and contingent nature of the de-ethnization and re-ethnization of hegemonic ethnicities’ cultural practices.","PeriodicalId":46201,"journal":{"name":"History and Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135592721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}