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Journal of Cognition and Culture最新文献

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The Dead May Kill You 死人可能会杀了你
IF 0.4
Journal of Cognition and Culture Pub Date : 2022-07-25 DOI: 10.1163/15685373-12340135
Claire White, Maya Marin, D. Fessler
{"title":"The Dead May Kill You","authors":"Claire White, Maya Marin, D. Fessler","doi":"10.1163/15685373-12340135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685373-12340135","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000There is considerable evidence that beliefs in supernatural punishment decrease self-interested behavior and increase cooperation amongst group members. To date, research has largely focused on beliefs concerning omniscient moralistic gods in large-scale societies. While there is an abundance of ethnographic accounts documenting fear of supernatural punishment, there is a dearth of systematic cross-cultural comparative quantitative evidence as to whether belief in supernatural agents with limited powers in small-scale societies also exert these effects. Here, we examine information extracted from the Human Relations Area Files on cultural discourse about the recently deceased, local ancestor spirits, and mortuary practices across 57 representative cultures. We find evidence that in traditional small-scale societies ancestor spirits are commonly believed to be capable of inflicting harm, with many attendant practices aimed at mitigating this danger. However, such beliefs do not appear to promote cooperation, as ancestor spirits seem to be concerned with interactions between themselves and the living, and to prioritize their own welfare. Many attendant practices are inconsistent even with bipartite cooperation with ancestors that could be viewed as a model for other relationships. The broader implications of this research for the cultural evolution of religion are discussed.","PeriodicalId":46186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognition and Culture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47901064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cultural Conventions as Group-Makers 作为群体创造者的文化公约
IF 0.4
Journal of Cognition and Culture Pub Date : 2022-07-25 DOI: 10.1163/15685373-12340132
M. Slors
{"title":"Cultural Conventions as Group-Makers","authors":"M. Slors","doi":"10.1163/15685373-12340132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685373-12340132","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In most literature on human cultural evolution and the emergence of large-scale cooperation, the main function of cultural conventions is described as providing group-markers. This paper argues that cultural conventions serve another purpose as well that is at least as important. Large-scale cooperation is characterized by complex division of labour and by a diversity of social roles associated with cultural institutions. This requires ubiquitous ‘role-interaction coordination’ – as it will be labelled. It is argued that without cultural conventions this type of coordination would be cognitively intractable. Thus, apart from functioning as group markers, they are first and foremost important group-makers.","PeriodicalId":46186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognition and Culture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46093177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Merit Is Not Meritorious Everywhere: Fairness in First and Third Party Tasks among Kogi Children 并非所有地方都有优点:科吉族儿童在第一方和第三方任务中的公平性
IF 0.4
Journal of Cognition and Culture Pub Date : 2022-07-25 DOI: 10.1163/15685373-12340134
Rafael G. Angarita, H. Viciana
{"title":"Merit Is Not Meritorious Everywhere: Fairness in First and Third Party Tasks among Kogi Children","authors":"Rafael G. Angarita, H. Viciana","doi":"10.1163/15685373-12340134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685373-12340134","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Experimental research has studied the emergence of fairness criteria such as merit and equality at increasingly younger ages. How much does the recognition and practice of these principles depend on the influence of central aspects of Western educated and industrialized societies? In an attempt to answer these questions, this article provides evidence regarding the choices of children in the Kogi indigenous community of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, a traditional society living in the mountains of Northern Colombia that practices swidden agriculture, cattle-raising, and enjoys a special cultural status granted by the Colombian Constitution. Two groups of 6–7 and 10–11 year olds (N = 104) were tested on a modified dictator game and several scenarios from a resource distribution task including different fairness criteria. Our results point to the lack of focality of the idea of merit among Kogi children at these ages when deciding on third-party allocation tasks, even when the design prevented equal distribution.","PeriodicalId":46186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognition and Culture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41430617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Counterfactual Thinking Made in a Relevant Choice and Negative Consequences 相关选择中的反事实思维及其负面后果
IF 0.4
Journal of Cognition and Culture Pub Date : 2022-07-25 DOI: 10.1163/15685373-12340136
Juan F. Muñoz-Olano, Glenys J. Ruiz-Zapata
{"title":"Counterfactual Thinking Made in a Relevant Choice and Negative Consequences","authors":"Juan F. Muñoz-Olano, Glenys J. Ruiz-Zapata","doi":"10.1163/15685373-12340136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685373-12340136","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The counterfactual thinking cannot be only developed in early childhood, but it also could be a requirement for the causal reasoning. In this research a replica of German (1999) was made using counterfactual stories with Latin American kids between three and four years, demonstrating the possible main role counterfactual reasoning, by using computer animations. This was a different approach to the most recent made by Nyhout and Ganea (2020). Nonetheless, the participants of the study evidenced counterfactual reasoning to the relevant choice and the negative consequence conditions shown on the stories that represented the choices made by a starting role (McNemar, N = 40, k = 11.53, p = .001). Although some of the results were not totally conclusive under the analyzed conditions. Lastly, some possible not controlled effects are discussed from stories shown to the children, that could have motivated the counterfactual thinking.","PeriodicalId":46186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognition and Culture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49261640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Human-Animal Similarity and the Imageability of Mental State Concepts for Mentalizing Animals 人与动物的相似性与动物心理状态概念的可象性
IF 0.4
Journal of Cognition and Culture Pub Date : 2022-07-25 DOI: 10.1163/15685373-12340133
Esmeralda G. Urquiza-Haas, K. Kotrschal
{"title":"Human-Animal Similarity and the Imageability of Mental State Concepts for Mentalizing Animals","authors":"Esmeralda G. Urquiza-Haas, K. Kotrschal","doi":"10.1163/15685373-12340133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685373-12340133","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The attribution of mental states (MS) to other species typically follows a scala naturae pattern. However, “simple” mental states, including emotions, sensing, and feelings are attributed to a wider range of animals as compared to the so-called “higher” cognitive abilities. We propose that such attributions are based on the perceptual quality (i.e. imageability) of mental representations related to MS concepts. We hypothesized that the attribution of highly imaginable MS is more dependent on the familiarity of participants with animals when compared to the attribution of MS low in imageability. In addition, we also assessed how animal agreeableness, familiarity with animals, and the type of human-animal interaction related to the judged similarity of animals to humans. Sixty-one participants (19 females, 42 males) with a rural (n = 20) and urban (n = 41) background rated twenty-six wild and domestic animals for their perceived similarity with humans and ability to experience a set of MS: (1) Highly imageable MS: joy, anger, and fear, and (2) MS low in imageability: capacity to plan and deceive. Results show that more agreeable and familiar animals were considered more human-like. Primates, followed by carnivores, suines, ungulates, and rodents were rated more human-like than xenarthrans, birds, arthropods, and reptiles. Higher MS ratings were given to more similar animals and more so if the MS attributed were high in imageability. Familiarity with animals was only relevant for the attribution of the MS high in imageability.","PeriodicalId":46186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognition and Culture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44869629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
“Black CNN”: Cultural Transmission of Moral Norms through Narrative Art “黑色CNN”：叙事艺术对道德规范的文化传递
IF 0.4
Journal of Cognition and Culture Pub Date : 2022-05-04 DOI: 10.1163/15685373-12340130
Jan Horský
{"title":"“Black CNN”: Cultural Transmission of Moral Norms through Narrative Art","authors":"Jan Horský","doi":"10.1163/15685373-12340130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685373-12340130","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In recent debates in moral psychology and literary Darwinism, several authors suggested that narrative art plays a significant role in the process of the social learning of moral norms, functioning as storage of locally salient moral information. However, an integrative view, which would help explain the inner workings of this morally educative function of narrative art, is still lacking. This paper provides such a unifying theoretical account by bringing together insights from moral psychology (concerning the non-reflective nature of moral cognition), educational sciences (concerning different types of settings and methods of moral learning), cognitive/evolutionary narratology (concerning how easy narrative art lends itself to the transmission of moral information), and cultural evolution (concerning different types of learning strategies/biases in relation to narrative art). A study of contemporary American rap music is included to showcase the benefits of this integrative approach in the context of one particular type of narrative art.","PeriodicalId":46186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognition and Culture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44294458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Front matter 前页
IF 0.4
Journal of Cognition and Culture Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.1163/15685373-02201-02000
{"title":"Front matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/15685373-02201-02000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685373-02201-02000","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognition and Culture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48731386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Experimental Philosophy of Mind: Free Will and a Scientific Conception of the World 心灵的实验哲学:自由意志和科学的世界观
IF 0.4
Journal of Cognition and Culture Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.1163/15685373-12340124
Morteza Izadifar
{"title":"Experimental Philosophy of Mind: Free Will and a Scientific Conception of the World","authors":"Morteza Izadifar","doi":"10.1163/15685373-12340124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685373-12340124","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Experimental philosophy has been engaged in many fields of philosophy and has tried to challenge philosophy from a new horizon. In this article, I have tried to examine what the role of sciences are (especially neuroscience) in altering people’s intuition about free will. Could science educate people’s philosophical intuitions? If yes, should we still rely on their intuition as a rational instrument for our philosophical questions? Do science plus cultural and social differences effect on folks’ view? In this cross-cultural research, the emphasis is mostly on recent breakthroughs on neuroscience and its impact on people’s perspective to free will. I have asked some questions about free will and determinism from two groups of Iranian and European participants. The results of this study revealed an interesting amount of cross-cultural similarities. The findings showed that people have a relatively independent view to free will and determinism. It seems that manipulating laymen’s opinion by either the idea of scientific determinism or living under pressure and challenging social conditions cannot touch their perspective. I tried to indicate that the techniques of experimental philosophy and the data offered might help us to learn more and more about the psychological processes, in the mind of the folks, that engender philosophical problems.","PeriodicalId":46186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognition and Culture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45077264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How Shame and Guilt Influence Perspective Taking: A Comparison of Turkish and German Cultures 羞耻和内疚如何影响视角:土耳其和德国文化的比较
IF 0.4
Journal of Cognition and Culture Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.1163/15685373-12340123
Sinem Söylemez, Mehmet Koyuncu, O. Wolf, B. N. Türkan
{"title":"How Shame and Guilt Influence Perspective Taking: A Comparison of Turkish and German Cultures","authors":"Sinem Söylemez, Mehmet Koyuncu, O. Wolf, B. N. Türkan","doi":"10.1163/15685373-12340123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685373-12340123","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Shame and guilt are negative social emotions that are sensitive to culture, and findings from past research have suggested that shame impairs perspective-taking cognitive ability more than guilt does. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is a lack of research that has considered culture and experimentally tested the effect of shame and guilt on perspective-taking. Taking an experimental perspective, this study aimed to examine how shame and guilt states affect perspective-taking performance in two different cultures (Turkish vs. German). Data from German and Turkish female college students provided support for the effect of emotional state and culture on perspective-taking, but there was no interaction between them. We discussed the results and possible explanations for them in light of the literature.","PeriodicalId":46186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognition and Culture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46181805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Buckets of Steam and Left-handed Hammers. The Fool’s Errand as Signal of Epistemic and Coalitional Dominance 蒸汽桶和左手锤。作为认识论和联盟优势信号的愚人错误
IF 0.4
Journal of Cognition and Culture Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.1163/15685373-12340122
R. Umbreș
{"title":"Buckets of Steam and Left-handed Hammers. The Fool’s Errand as Signal of Epistemic and Coalitional Dominance","authors":"R. Umbreș","doi":"10.1163/15685373-12340122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685373-12340122","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In various professional groups, experts send rookies on absurd tasks as a joke. The fool’s errand appears in factories and hospitals, in elite schools and scout camps, among soldiers, sailors, and airmen. Why are newcomers deceived and humiliated, and why are pranks relatively similar and remarkably persistent over time? I propose that the cultural success and the recurrent features of the fool’s errand are based on evolved cognitive mechanisms activated by apprenticeship as social learning and group induction. Epistemic vigilance explains how novices are reliably deceived by experts using opaque statements erroneously perceived as pedagogical. Furthermore, coalitional psychology explains why insiders use the prank as strategic signalling of hierarchies based on epistemic asymmetry. The intersection of cognitive mechanisms and patterns of professional recruitment maintains a tradition of ritualised pranking in which insiders coordinate to humiliate newcomers to assert epistemic and coalitional dominance.","PeriodicalId":46186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognition and Culture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43647485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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