Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs最新文献_第5页

Narkotikapolitikk i endring: Heroinklinikkenes oppkomst i Norge 变革中的毒品政策：挪威海洛因诊所的兴起

3区社会学

Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs Pub Date : 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.1177/14550725231207251

Rune Ellefsen

{"title":"Narkotikapolitikk i endring: Heroinklinikkenes oppkomst i Norge","authors":"Rune Ellefsen","doi":"10.1177/14550725231207251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14550725231207251","url":null,"abstract":"Sammendrag Bruk av heroin for behandling av personer med rusmiddelavhengighet er nytt i Norge. Heroinklinikkene markerer et brudd med de siste ti-årenes narkotikapolitikk og rusbehandling. I denne artikkelen beskrives endringene i myndighetenes forståelse av «narkotikaproblemet» og hvordan det bør håndteres. Heroinklinikkene utforskes som uttrykk for slik endring. For å forklare hvorfor og hvordan disse omstridte klinikkene ble en realitet presenteres en to-delt analyse: først av ideologiske endringer i narkotikapolitikken fra 1960-tallet til i dag, og så av den politiske debatten om heroinklinikkene som tok fart fra 2007. Artikkelen argumenterer for at de ideologiske endringene på det narkotikapolitiske feltet i stor grad muliggjorde den senere politiske prosessen som endte med etablering av heroinklinikkene. Analysen identifiserer tre atskilte forståelser av narkotikaproblemet som har eksistert gjennom hele 60-års perioden, og tre motstridende tilnærminger til heroinklinikkene som ble synlige i den politiske debatten. Ved å diskutere sammenfallet mellom disse forståelsene og tilnærmingene over tid bidrar artikkelen med å forklare heroinklinikkenes oppkomst i en bredere narkotikapolitisk sammenheng.","PeriodicalId":46180,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs","volume":" 21","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135291695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Parental factors predicting social deviance and psychological outcomes in offspring: Evidence from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) 父母因素对后代社会越轨行为和心理结局的预测:来自Avon父母与儿童纵向研究(ALSPAC)的证据

3区社会学

Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs Pub Date : 2023-11-07 DOI: 10.1177/14550725231206015

Lloyd Balbuena, Mansfield Mela, AG Ahmed

{"title":"Parental factors predicting social deviance and psychological outcomes in offspring: Evidence from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC)","authors":"Lloyd Balbuena, Mansfield Mela, AG Ahmed","doi":"10.1177/14550725231206015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14550725231206015","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of the present study was to examine whether exposure to prenatal psychoactive substances is associated with psychological outcomes and deviant behaviour. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of 7,769 mother–child dyads in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) who were followed until the children were aged approximately 12 years. Parental characteristics and maternal use of various substances were collected in pregnancy and entered as predictors of psychological outcomes in childhood and deviant behaviours in early adolescence. The psychological outcomes were IQ, social cognition, working memory and inhibition, while the deviant behaviours were threatening others, truancy and cruelty to animals. Weighted logistic regression models were used to predict deviant behaviours and weighted linear regression for the psychological outcomes. Results: High prenatal alcohol exposure predicted truancy and cruelty to animals. Tobacco exposure predicted lower IQ, a greater social communication deficit, lower working memory, truancy and threatening others. Illicit drugs predicted a higher social communication deficit and truancy. All prenatal substance exposures remained significant after adjustment for peer influences and covariate imbalance. Conclusion: Alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs were associated with deviant behaviours in early adolescence and these behaviours were preceded by psychological deficits in childhood. The present study supports the guideline that no amount of alcohol is safe to consume in pregnancy and that tobacco and illicit drugs should be avoided.","PeriodicalId":46180,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs","volume":"17 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135480378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The dichotomy between health and drug abuse in bodybuilding 健美运动中健康与滥用药物的二分法

3区社会学

Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.1177/14550725231206011

Jay Horn

引用次数: 0

Reasons for not entering opioid agonist treatment: A survey among high-risk opioid users in Finland 不进入阿片类激动剂治疗的原因:芬兰高危阿片类药物使用者的调查

3区社会学

Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs Pub Date : 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.1177/14550725231204723

Tuire Prami, Mari Pölkki, Jarno Ruotsalainen, Elin Banke Nordbeck, Susanna Meyner, Ari Kaski

{"title":"Reasons for not entering opioid agonist treatment: A survey among high-risk opioid users in Finland","authors":"Tuire Prami, Mari Pölkki, Jarno Ruotsalainen, Elin Banke Nordbeck, Susanna Meyner, Ari Kaski","doi":"10.1177/14550725231204723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14550725231204723","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To characterise and understand the untreated high-risk opioid user population in Finland, and to determine the reasons why these people do not enter treatment. Methods: The study setting was a half-year cross-sectional survey in Finland during 2021–2022. An electronic questionnaire with 24 structured questions was concluded in 16 needle exchange units. Participants were opioid-dependent people without opioid agonist treatment (OAT), and they answered the survey voluntarily and anonymously. Results: Of the 167 respondents, 62% were men, 53% were aged ≤34 years, 66% had used opioids for >6 years, and 78% used drugs intravenously (IV) daily. The most used opioid (95%) was buprenorphine. Most respondents used opioids as self-medication for withdrawal symptoms (75%), or to treat psychological symptoms (59%) or pain (43%). Of them, 70% also used other substances for recreational purposes. The most common named reasons to stay outside OAT were as follows: seeking treatment is too difficult (37%); treatment is too binding (36%); and fear of actions from authorities (23%). Conclusions: For opioid-dependent respondents who would be eligible for OAT in Finland, treatment awareness is limited. These high-risk opioid users also think that the treatment would be too binding. In conclusion, there is a need for increase in general information about, accessibility to, acceptance for and individualisation of OAT.","PeriodicalId":46180,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135994080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relational parenthood in addiction recovery 成瘾康复中的关系亲子关系

3区社会学

Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs Pub Date : 2023-10-16 DOI: 10.1177/14550725231202071

Arja Ruisniemi, Maritta Itäpuisto, Katja Kuusisto

{"title":"Relational parenthood in addiction recovery","authors":"Arja Ruisniemi, Maritta Itäpuisto, Katja Kuusisto","doi":"10.1177/14550725231202071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14550725231202071","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The purpose of this research was to elicit how parents attending family-focused substance abuse treatment construct their parenthood in relation to other people. Design: Relational parenthood of addiction treatment attendees is scrutinised from seven thematic interviews carried out in a community-based inpatient substance abuse treatment unit in Finland. The core analytical concept of the research is relationality. The data were first content coded via Atlas.ti22 and the relations and codes classified into the five following parenthood types emerging from the data: (1) worn-out; (2) coping; (3) ambivalent; (4) changing; and (5) supported. Content codes and parenthood types were cross-tabulated to ascertain how these types are emphasised in different relationships. Results: Worn-out and coping parenthood types emerged in the closest relationships, mostly with their own children and the other parent. Ambivalent parenthood was present in all relations as expressions of inner conflict, which can lead to changing parenthood. Changing parenthood emerged in relation to interviewees’ own children as an empowering experience. It also emerged in relation to other people as readiness to accept help. Supported parenthood was most often found in relation to significant others and professionals, presumably due to the context of the interviews. Conclusion: The parenthood types illustrate how parenting changes over time, which is also an important part of social identity change in recovering from addiction. In treatment, it is extremely important to understand the different sides of parenthood and to use the information to strengthen clients’ parenthood.","PeriodicalId":46180,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136078822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cumulative risk factors for injuries and poisoning requiring hospital care in youth with prenatal substance exposure: A longitudinal controlled cohort study 产前物质暴露的青少年受伤和中毒需要住院治疗的累积危险因素:一项纵向对照队列研究

3区社会学

Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs Pub Date : 2023-10-03 DOI: 10.1177/14550725231202074

Anne M. Koponen, Mika Gissler, Niina-Maria Nissinen, Ilona Autti-Rämö, Hanna Kahila, Taisto Sarkola

{"title":"Cumulative risk factors for injuries and poisoning requiring hospital care in youth with prenatal substance exposure: A longitudinal controlled cohort study","authors":"Anne M. Koponen, Mika Gissler, Niina-Maria Nissinen, Ilona Autti-Rämö, Hanna Kahila, Taisto Sarkola","doi":"10.1177/14550725231202074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14550725231202074","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To investigate whether the youth with prenatal substance exposure (PSE) (aged 15–24 years, n = 615) had been in hospital care more often due to injuries and poisoning in comparison with unexposed matched controls ( n = 1787). Methods: Data from medical records (exposure) and national health and social welfare registers (outcome and confounders) were combined and youths were monitored from birth until either outpatient or inpatient hospital care for injury or poisoning, death or the end of the study period (December 2016). Cox regression models were used in the analyses accounting for associated child and maternal risk factors. Results: Half (50.4%) of the exposed group and 40.6% of controls had been in hospital care due to injury or poisoning during the follow-up ( p < 0.001). The difference between groups was diminished after controlling for postnatal child and maternal risk factors (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.88, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.72–1.07, p > 0.05). Cumulative adversity, especially out-of-home care in combination with a diagnosed attention or behavioural dysregulation problem, posed the highest risk in both groups (exposed: HR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.24–2.19, p < 0.001; controls: HR = 1.84, 95% CI 1.33–2.56, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Hospital care for injury and poisoning is more common in youth with PSE, but this is largely explained by the related postnatal child and maternal factors. Long-term support to families with maternal substance abuse problems could prevent injury and poisoning among youth with PSE.","PeriodicalId":46180,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135689810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring Lithuanian social workers’ attitudes towards individuals with alcohol usage problems 探讨立陶宛社会工作者对有酗酒问题的个人的态度

3区社会学

Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs Pub Date : 2023-10-03 DOI: 10.1177/14550725231202070

Justina Kievišienė

{"title":"Exploring Lithuanian social workers’ attitudes towards individuals with alcohol usage problems","authors":"Justina Kievišienė","doi":"10.1177/14550725231202070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14550725231202070","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Social workers are at the front line of helping individuals experiencing alcohol usage, due to their professional duties, ideology and values that underpin it. In Lithuania, where social work still continues to develop in both practice and education, it is crucial to supplement with relevant information to strengthen social work's response to issues with alcohol usage. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore social workers’ attitudes towards individuals with alcohol usage problems. Methods: In total, 149 Lithuanian social workers completed a web survey that gathered information about education, work experience and workplace, and filled in the Short Alcohol and Alcohol Problems Perception Questionnaire (SAAPPQ) to measure their attitude towards individuals with alcohol usage problems. Results: The social workers showed a positive attitude towards individuals with alcohol usage problems (mean 35.81 [SD 4.8]). Attitude domain analysis revealed Role Legitimacy (91.3% above the midpoint) to reflect the most positive attitudes and Work Satisfaction (24.2% above the midpoint) to reflect the least positive attitudes. Those with master's degrees scored higher on the total SAAPPQ (t = −2.44, p = 0.016) and its subscales Work Satisfaction (t = −2.52, p = 0.013) and Therapeutic Commitment (t = −2.21, p = 0.029). Having 6–13 years of work experience (mean SAAPPQ = 37.02 [SD 5.11]) was associated with a more positive attitude compared to those with less than 5 years of experience (mean SAAPPQ = 34.08 [SD 3.87]). Conclusion: Although social workers understand their professional responsibility to work with individuals with alcohol usage problems, their dedication to work, motivation and task-specific self-esteem are low. The results also support education, as those with master's degrees showed more positive attitudes. This study further encourages support for social workers just beginning their career, who might report lower attitudes towards individuals with alcohol usage problems.","PeriodicalId":46180,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135689811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing the early influence of COVID-19 in an analysis of the immediate implementation of Minimum Pricing for Alcohol on drinkers in Wales 在分析立即实施酒精最低定价对威尔士饮酒者的影响时，评估COVID-19的早期影响

3区社会学

Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs Pub Date : 2023-10-03 DOI: 10.1177/14550725231202066

Katy Holloway, Marian Buhociu, Shannon Murray, Wulf Livingston, Andy Perkins

{"title":"Assessing the early influence of COVID-19 in an analysis of the immediate implementation of Minimum Pricing for Alcohol on drinkers in Wales","authors":"Katy Holloway, Marian Buhociu, Shannon Murray, Wulf Livingston, Andy Perkins","doi":"10.1177/14550725231202066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14550725231202066","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The Welsh Government has commissioned a number of projects to consider the influence their implementation of Minimum Pricing for Alcohol (MPA) legislation in March 2020 had on the alcohol consumption and related behaviours of drinkers. Given the MPA's overlap with the COVID-19 pandemic and its related lockdown measures and restrictions, this rapidly became a story about the early impact of COVID-19 as it did MPA. This paper captures the core thematic messages from this specific strand of work, and in doing so reflects on (1) how early experiences of COVID-19 and the first lockdown influenced consumption and purchasing of alcohol behaviours and, in turn, (2) how relevant the introduction of MPA was for any of these. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted by telephone with 32 drinkers 9 months after the implementation of the legislation in March 2020. The sample was recruited from three sources: the National Survey for Wales; a third sector organisation offering housing support to the homeless; and through an online survey on MPA. Results: COVID-19 had more relevance than MPA to drinkers. Furthermore, when MPA did have an influence on their behaviour, it was felt most keenly by the harmful drinkers in the study. These drinkers described spending more on alcohol, switching to other potentially more harmful substances, such as crack cocaine and synthetic cannabinoids, and more involvement in acquisitive crime and begging after the price increase. While our results might be an early indication of the influence of MPA on harmful drinkers, the small sample of this group in our study limits the generalisability of the findings. Conclusion: To date, the implementation of MPA has had little influence on the drinking patterns or lives of the drinkers in our sample. It is important that future research examines the longer-term influences of MPA before any conclusions on its effectiveness can be drawn.","PeriodicalId":46180,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135696080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evidence for improving welfare services. 改善福利服务的证据。

IF 1.9 3区社会学

Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-25 DOI: 10.1177/14550725231205802

Matilda Hellman

引用次数: 0

"It's nice to just be": A qualitative study on the meaning-imbued reality of waterpipe smoking among young adults in Sweden. “只是很好”:一项关于瑞典年轻人吸水烟的现实意义的定性研究。

IF 1.7 3区社会学

Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-10 DOI: 10.1177/14550725231195183

Pelle Pelters, Maria Rosaria Galanti

{"title":"\"It's nice to just be\": A qualitative study on the meaning-imbued reality of waterpipe smoking among young adults in Sweden.","authors":"Pelle Pelters, Maria Rosaria Galanti","doi":"10.1177/14550725231195183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14550725231195183","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aims: Waterpipe smoking is regarded as a burgeoning public health problem due to its popularity among young adults. This study aims to understand the meaning-imbued reality of waterpipe smoking for young adults in Sweden. Method: Data from 18 individual interviews with ethnically diverse Swedish young adults were analysed using inductive latent-level qualitative content analysis. Results: The youth's experience of waterpipe smoking shows different dimensions (time, space, fun, community) that construct the practice of waterpipe smoking as a closed bubble characterised by harmlessness, cosiness and freedom to develop an adult self in the waterpipe group. The bubble provides a breathing space and timeout in everyday life, fuelled by an understanding of the hookah as hazard-free and liberating. A variety of control mechanisms are used to defend the bubble's constructed harmlessness, proving responsibility by applying practice-, communication- and Othering-oriented means. Conclusion: The study enhances the understanding of waterpipe smoking by highlighting its community- and self-forming meaning in a combined focus on ritualistic and symbolic qualities. For young adults, waterpipe smoking combines potentially beneficial and detrimental impacts on health. This complex situation requires a dialogical - rather than a traditional - approach to prevention that negotiates the risk landscape faced by young adults.","PeriodicalId":46180,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs","volume":"40 5","pages":"482-501"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10634388/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134650210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1