Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs最新文献

{"title":"Children's out-of-home placements: Associations with parental substance use and neighbourhood sociodemographics.","authors":"Kirsimarja Raitasalo, Karoliina Karjalainen, Sanna Kärkkäinen, Timo M Kauppinen","doi":"10.1177/14550725241270203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14550725241270203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Studies have shown an association between parental problematic substance use (PSU) and children's out-of-home care (OHC). But there is little researech on the kind of urban neighbourhoods in which such associations typically show up. This study aims to shed light on the associations between neighbourhood characteristics, parental PSU and children's OHC. Using register data, we explore the spatial concentration of parental PSU and children's OHC in urban areas. <b>Methods:</b> Register data of all children born in Finland in 2002 and their biological parents living in 14 Finnish cities were used to follow the children from birth until their 18th birthday or first OHC episode. The study looks at parental PSU andother individual-level indicators as well-as the sociodemographic neighbourhood characteristics. Cox proportional hazards modelling was used as the analysis method. <b>Results:</b> Parental PSU increased the probability of children's OHC regardless of neighbourhood type. The probabilty was highest if both parents had PSU (hazard ratio [HR] = 8.05, 95% confidence interval [Cl] 6.38-10.16), but this outcome did not look the same for all neighbourhoods. The risk of children's OHC placements was higher in suburbs compared to city centres (HR = 1.76, 95% Cl 1.38-2.25). <b>Conclusion:</b> As parental substance use is a complex problem that is often intertwined with other life challenges, such as financial difficulties and mental health problems, it is insufficient to treat caregiver conditions, such as problematic substance use in isolation. Services that increase positive, pro-social connections may be lacking in the neighbourhoods with the most challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":46180,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11489964/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Svenska narkotikapolisföreningens tidskrift - polisens bild av ett problem?","authors":"Henrik Tham","doi":"10.1177/14550725241270228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14550725241270228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> To analyze how the Police in Sweden perceives the drug problem and how it relates to changes in drug politics in the direction of liberalization. <b>Method:</b> The material analyzed consists of a content-analysis of the magazine of the Swedish Narcotic Police Association, covering 145 issues since the start in 1988, concentrating on lead articles, editorials and other articles on principles and politics. <b>Results:</b> The magazine demonstrate an alarmistic view of the drug problem, criticize government agencies and the media for liberal views, question the motives of proponents of decriminalization and legalization, leaves the costs of control of drug interventions aside, and sees the Police as guardian of status quo and as the defender of the goal of Swedish drug policy: \"a drug-free society\".</p>","PeriodicalId":46180,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11489957/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colliding harms of gambling and gaming: A four-wave longitudinal population study of at-risk gambling and gaming in Finland.","authors":"Atte Oksanen, Ilkka Vuorinen, Heli Hagfors, Eerik Soares Mantere, Iina Savolainen","doi":"10.1177/14550725241253336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14550725241253336","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aims:</b> Both gambling and digital gaming are growing in popularity and there is ongoing discussion about their convergence. This population-based longitudinal survey study investigated how gambling and digital gaming types contribute to at-risk gambling and gaming. <b>Methods:</b> The study was based on a representative sample of 18-75-year-olds from mainland Finland. Survey data were collected at 6<i>-</i>month intervals in 2021-2022, starting in April 2021. Of original T1 respondents, 58.95% took part in all four time points. In total, 3,608 observations from 902 individuals were analysed. Outcome measures were at-risk gambling and gaming based on the Problem Gambling Severity Index and the Internet Gaming Disorder Test. Various types of gambling and gaming were investigated. <b>Results:</b> Population-averaged models showed that different forms of gambling were associated with a higher risk of at-risk gaming. Online casino games were associated with the highest likelihood of at-risk gambling and gaming. Prevalence of digital gaming problems was low. Hybrid models were used to investigate the longitudinal within-person and between-person effects of gambling and gaming activities. Online casino games and offline slot machines increased at-risk gambling. Microtransactions within digital games increased at-risk gambling and gaming over time, but the amount of money spent on digital gaming was small compared to gambling. <b>Conclusions:</b> Our results underline the risks of EGMs and online gambling for the participants. Although gambling and gaming are converging, harm is mostly based on gambling.</p>","PeriodicalId":46180,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11489959/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol purchases through online stores and mobile applications in the late phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland.","authors":"Michał Bujalski, Magdalena Rowicka","doi":"10.1177/14550725241270204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14550725241270204","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> Online alcohol sales have grown rapidly, but their impact on alcohol consumption and harms is not well understood. This study explores the association between online alcohol purchasing and drinking behaviours during the late phase of COVID-19 pandemic in Poland. <b>Design:</b> A nationally representative survey was conducted in May 2022 of 2000 Polish residents aged 18-50 years selected from a probability-based web panel. Measures included past-year alcohol purchasing through e-stores, food/delivery apps and retail apps. Alcohol consumption was quantified using the Beverage-Specific Quantity-Frequency method. Logistic regression was used to identify sociodemographic and behavioural correlates of online alcohol purchasing. <b>Results:</b> Of the study respondents, 19% purchased alcohol through e-stores, 17% via delivery apps and 15% with retail apps. Spirits were commonly purchased in e-stores (57%), while beer was purchased via apps (58%-60%). Most online buyers took advantage of price promotions (69%-75%) and reported some kind of age verification (67%-68%). Higher odds of online purchasing were found among men (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.38-1.54), younger drinkers (aOR 1.65-2.04) and to some extent university graduates (aOR 1.75 for e-stores purchases). Compared to moderate drinkers, risky (aOR 2.32-3.02) and harmful drinkers (aOR 5.06-6.61) showed substantially increased odds of buying alcohol online. <b>Conclusion:</b> Results suggest online alcohol purchasing, especially through mobile apps, is linked to more excessive drinking. Apps enable easy access to alcohol anytime anywhere, circumventing policies restricting sales to minors and intoxicated persons. With youth drinking declining globally, online sales are an emerging issue for public health. Restricting mobile app-based alcohol delivery could be an important policy measure to curb excessive drinking enabled by digital sales.</p>","PeriodicalId":46180,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11489989/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Voluntary self-exclusion from gambling: Expert opinions on gaps and needs for improvement","authors":"Ludwig Kraus, Andreas M Bickl, Matilda Hellman, Veera Kankainen, Johanna K. Loy, Marieke Neyer, Thomas Norman, Sara Rolando, Robin Room, Ingeborg Rossow, Rachel Volberg, Jenny Cisneros Örnberg","doi":"10.1177/14550725241264628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14550725241264628","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: Voluntary self-exclusion (VSE) programmes are intended to minimise gambling-related harm. They are considered effective for the individual but several weaknesses have been reported that deter individuals from enrolment. The present paper summarises opinions about and experiences with VSE strategies and assesses gaps and needs with regard to the current self-exclusion regulations and programmes in seven jurisdictions. Methods: A total of 102 representatives from various sectors (research community; addiction help and care services; prevention; regulatory bodies; gambling providers) in Finland, Germany, Italy, Massachusetts (USA), Norway, Sweden, and Victoria (Australia) were surveyed about their experiences with and opinions about VSE strategies, as well as gaps and needs of the current VSE regulations in their jurisdiction. Results: The respondents agreed on the need for and importance of VSE programmes. However, in all participating jurisdictions, VSE regulations at the time of the survey were considered insufficient, and the respondents suggested potential improvements to facilitate the exclusion process, increase utilisation and reduce gamblers’ breaching VSE. Representatives of the gambling industry also emphasised the individual's responsibility. Conclusions: Individuals with gambling disorder require effective VSE programmes to cope with their addictive behaviour. To effectively reduce breaches, technical and legal solutions are necessary. This includes access controls based on complete nationwide registries, strict enforcement and preventing excluded gamblers from accessing unlicensed online operators.","PeriodicalId":46180,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141922295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consumption trends and policies under scrutinisation.","authors":"Matilda Hellman","doi":"10.1177/14550725241270273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14550725241270273","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46180,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11412459/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Illicit drug use at licensed premises and the potential for prevention: A qualitative interview study of stakeholders","authors":"K. Feltmann, Nina-Katri J Gustafsson, Johanna Gripenberg, Tobias H. Elgán, P. Kvillemo","doi":"10.1177/14550725241249002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14550725241249002","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The aim of this study was to explore how stakeholders perceive illicit drugs at licensed premises, existing and potential prevention interventions, and to identify facilitators and barriers to reduce illicit drugs at these locations. Methods: Semi-structured interviews with police officers, licensed premises owners, security staff and municipality officials ( n = 28) in seven counties in middle Sweden were conducted and analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results: The informants reported frequent illicit drug use and dealing at licensed premises, causing a negative influence on the restaurant environment. Efforts to prevent illicit drugs varied with respect to type and intensity but included environmental and situational changes as well as education and training, policy implementation and law enforcement. Facilitators for the reduction of illicit drugs are confidence that sufficient resources are allocated, motivated and skilled stakeholders who see benefits of prevention and collaborate closely, along with visible results. General societal prevention was also seen as important. Identified barriers were perceived drug-positive norms and high availability and use in the society, perceived lack of prioritisation and resources, difficulties to collaborate due to e.g., secrecy between organisations, lack of action among stakeholders due to financial considerations, perceived confusion about roles and mandate, and owner's and staff's fear of threats and violence from criminals or own involvement in crime. Conclusion: To maximise the potential of successful prevention, authorities should support owners of licensed premises to act firmly against illicit drugs by providing training, ensure that they apply a strict policy, work for increased stakeholder collaboration and provide appropriate police resources. Authorities should also investigate criminal activities among owners and staff as well as combat organised crime and availability of illicit drugs in the society.","PeriodicalId":46180,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141357521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The framing of contemporary violence policy in England and Wales: An examination of the contributing roles of alcohol and illegal drugs","authors":"C. Lightowlers, Karen Duke","doi":"10.1177/14550725241256465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14550725241256465","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In 2018, the UK Government published its Serious Violence Strategy setting out the Government's commitment to adopting a public health approach to ‘serious violence’ in England and Wales and encouraging a multi-agency, whole system public health approach to violence prevention. There has been very little research attention and commentary on the roles of alcohol and illegal drugs in the construction of “serious violence” within the Strategy. Method: Drawing on thematic analysis of key policy documents, the ways in which drugs and alcohol have been conceptualised in recent violence policy in the English and Welsh context are explored through the analytical framework of “framing”. Results: The overwhelming emphasis on violence associated with the drugs market has skewed attention towards exceptional and sensationalist forms of “serious” violence and diverted it from more common and widespread forms of “everyday” violence, including domestic and alcohol-related violence. Omitting these from the policy purview has implications for those affected and how resources are allocated. Conclusion: To advance inclusive and holistic violence prevention, a wider framing of violence is required and both illegal drugs and alcohol need to be embedded for meaningful working across populations and organisational boundaries.","PeriodicalId":46180,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141381658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is a regulation system always just a regulation system?","authors":"Matilda Hellman","doi":"10.1177/14550725241258337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14550725241258337","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46180,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141385243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The elephant in the room: Metaphors in women's accounts of life with a family member with problematic substance use.","authors":"Aud Johannessen, Anne-Sofie Helvik, Kjerstin Tevik, Thomas Tjelta, Kirsten Thorsen","doi":"10.1177/14550725241230744","DOIUrl":"10.1177/14550725241230744","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Research has shown that a family member's problematic substance use has significant deleterious mental and physical health impacts on other members of the family. Women are more often affected than men. These negative health effects persist as the person with problematic substance use ages, and they vary according to the relationship status. <b>Aim:</b> The aim of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of how women experience and are affected by their family member's substance use problems. <b>Method:</b> A metaphorical analysis of narrative interviews with 11 daughters and five wives of older adults (>65 years) with problematic substance use. <b>Results:</b> We identified four areas of signification in which metaphors were employed: (1) experiences (chaos and crash and walking on eggshells); (2) strategies (complicity and silencing); (3) dilemmas (deceit or a disease and open or closed dilemmas); and (4) consequences (obtaining or retaining an identity, health and different types of help). <b>Conclusion:</b> Family life with a parent or spouse with a substance use problem was described as chaotic, unsafe, uncertain and with no prospects of change. The study illustrates how metaphors are used to mediate experiences and worldviews pertaining to existential matters founded in deep negative emotions, deceit, shame and stigma. Metaphors make up a crucial material for communicating emotions and themes that are difficult to convey due to shame and stigma.</p>","PeriodicalId":46180,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11186450/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141433051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}