Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal最新文献_第9页

Hidden Costs of Inquiry: Exploitation, World-Travelling and Marginalized Lives. 探究的隐性成本:剥削、世界旅行和边缘化生活。

IF 1.4 4区哲学

Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1353/ken.2021.0010

Audrey Yap

{"title":"Hidden Costs of Inquiry: Exploitation, World-Travelling and Marginalized Lives.","authors":"Audrey Yap","doi":"10.1353/ken.2021.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ken.2021.0010","url":null,"abstract":"There are many good reasons to learn about the lives of people who have less social privilege than we do. We might want to understand their circumstances in order to have informed opinions on social policy, or to make our institutions more inclusive. Or we might want to cultivate empathy for its own sake. Much of this knowledge needs to be gained through social scientific or humanistic research into their lives. The entitlement to theorize about or study the lives of marginalized others is often granted under the framework of freedom of inquiry or academic freedom. I will not question, in this paper, whether academic freedom licenses us to do so in the first place (see XXX this issue, for consideration of those questions); instead, I will highlight tensions between the moral-epistemic imperative to learn about the lives and circumstances of people who are relatively marginalized, and the cost to marginalized people and communities of making that learning possible. This list of considerations is not intended to be exhaustive, but will illustrate a range of ways in which good intentions on the part of researchers is insufficient to mitigate harm.","PeriodicalId":46167,"journal":{"name":"Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal","volume":"31 2","pages":"153-173"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/ken.2021.0010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39088137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Epistemic Duties of Philosophers: An Addendum. 哲学家的认识义务:附录。

IF 1.4 4区哲学

Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1353/ken.2021.0023

Philippe van Basshuysen, Lucie White

引用次数: 2

Free Speech Skepticism. 言论自由怀疑论。

IF 1.4 4区哲学

Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1353/ken.2021.0008

Susan J Brison

引用次数: 1

The Evolving Social Purpose of Academic Freedom. 学术自由的社会目的演变。

IF 1.4 4区哲学

Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1353/ken.2021.0012

Shannon Dea

引用次数: 0

Continued Confinement of Those Most Vulnerable to COVID-19 继续限制最易感染COVID-19的人

IF 1.4 4区哲学

Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal Pub Date : 2020-11-14 DOI: 10.1353/ken.2020.0021

S. Hurst, Eva Maria Belser, C. Burton-Jeangros, Pascal Mahon, C. Hummel, Settimio Monteverde, T. Krones, Stéphanie Dagron, C. Bensimon, Bianca Schaffert, Alexander H. Trechsel, Luca Chiapperino, Laure Kloetzer, T. Zittoun, R. Jox, Marion Fischer, A. D. Ave, P. G. Kirchschlaeger, S. Moon

{"title":"Continued Confinement of Those Most Vulnerable to COVID-19","authors":"S. Hurst, Eva Maria Belser, C. Burton-Jeangros, Pascal Mahon, C. Hummel, Settimio Monteverde, T. Krones, Stéphanie Dagron, C. Bensimon, Bianca Schaffert, Alexander H. Trechsel, Luca Chiapperino, Laure Kloetzer, T. Zittoun, R. Jox, Marion Fischer, A. D. Ave, P. G. Kirchschlaeger, S. Moon","doi":"10.1353/ken.2020.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ken.2020.0021","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:Countries deciding on deconfinement measures after initial lock-downs in response to the COVID-19 pandemic often include the continued confinement of those most vulnerable to the disease in these plans as a matter of course. Such continued confinement, however, is neither innocuous nor obviously justified. In this paper, we examine more systematically the requirements for the protection of vulnerable persons, the situation in institutions, legal implications, requirements to sustain vulnerable persons, and self-determination. Based on this exploration, we recommend that continued confinement cannot be the only measure in place to protect vulnerable persons. Protections are needed to enable participation in the public sphere and the exercise of rights for persons particularly vulnerable to fatal courses of COVID-19. The situation in long-term care homes warrants particular caution and in some cases immediate mitigation of lock-down measures that have isolated residents from their caregivers, advocates, and proxies. Vulnerable persons should retain the choice to place themselves at risk, as long as they do not impose risks on others. Vulnerable persons who choose to remain in confinement should be protected against loss of their jobs or income, and against the risk of discrimination in the labor market. Risk and crisis communication stresses the importance of listening to the people and setting up participatory approaches. Associations and lobbies representing the views of groups of those particularly vulnerable to COVID-19 (e.g., the elderly, those with diseases placing them at particular risk) should be consulted and involved in outlining deconfinement measures. Moreover, most vulnerable persons are autonomous and competent and should be allowed to voice their own opinion.","PeriodicalId":46167,"journal":{"name":"Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":"401 - 418"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/ken.2020.0021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45316751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Structural Stigma, Legal Epidemiology, and COVID-19: The Ethical Imperative to Act Upstream 结构性污名、法律流行病学和COVID-19:采取上游行动的道德必要性

IF 1.4 4区哲学

Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal Pub Date : 2020-11-14 DOI: 10.1353/ken.2020.0018

D. Goldberg

{"title":"Structural Stigma, Legal Epidemiology, and COVID-19: The Ethical Imperative to Act Upstream","authors":"D. Goldberg","doi":"10.1353/ken.2020.0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ken.2020.0018","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:The primary claim of this paper is that COVID-19 stigma must be understood as a structural phenomenon. Doing so will inform the interventions we select and prioritize for the amelioration of such stigma, which is an ethical priority. Thinking about stigma as a macrosocial determinant of health driven by structural factors suggests that downstream remedies are unlikely to be effective in significantly reducing stigma. This paper develops and defends this claim, setting up a recommendation to use a “bundle” of legal and policy levers at meso- and macro- levels to reduce the adverse and inequitable impact of COVID-19 stigma. In Section II, this commentary offers a basic account of the concept of stigma in general, the justification for conceptualizing it as a structural phenomenon, and some of the basic advantages of doing so. Section III moves on to frame infectious and communicable disease stigma in Western history not only as a way of demonstrating its structural features, but also to highlight the use of laws and policies as levers for public health change. Section IV urges explicit adoption of insights and methods from legal epidemiology and offers examples of specific legal and policy recommendations for addressing these stigmas. Section V concludes.","PeriodicalId":46167,"journal":{"name":"Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":"339 - 359"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/ken.2020.0018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47399083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Justice and Intellectual Disability In A Pandemic 大流行中的正义与智障

IF 1.4 4区哲学

Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal Pub Date : 2020-11-14 DOI: 10.1353/ken.2020.0017

Ryan H. Nelson, L. Francis

{"title":"Justice and Intellectual Disability In A Pandemic","authors":"Ryan H. Nelson, L. Francis","doi":"10.1353/ken.2020.0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ken.2020.0017","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:Much of the discussion of care prioritization during the COVID-19 pandemic has focused on access to high-technology, intensive care under crisis conditions. This is understandable in light of initial fears that widespread triage and rationing measures would become necessary. However, as observations about the interplay between social determinants of health and COVID-19 infection rates and outcomes have become increasingly clear, attention has also been directed to inequalities in health and healthcare in the US. In this paper, we address another less-discussed set of issues: problems of discrimination and injustice involving people with intellectual disabilities confronted by COVID-19 that go beyond those seen in policies governing triage and rationing. After discussing the proper role of quality of life judgments in healthcare, we consider a range of issues relevant to people with intellectual disabilities, including staffing and structures in group-home facilities, the need for adaptive communication, and the role of support persons during care. Addressing some of these issues will require policy changes that may be widely beneficial; adjustments particular to individuals will also need to be evaluated from the perspective of whether they create undue risks. To address these issues, we draw insights from disability anti-discrimination law as it interfaces with the ethics of patient care, especially the distinction between accommodations for individual patients and modifications of policies addressing access to services and healthcare.","PeriodicalId":46167,"journal":{"name":"Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":"319 - 338"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/ken.2020.0017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45172477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Should I Do as I’m Told? Trust, Experts, and COVID-19 我应该照别人说的做吗？信托、专家和新冠肺炎

IF 1.4 4区哲学

Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal Pub Date : 2020-11-14 DOI: 10.1353/ken.2020.0014

M. Bennett

引用次数: 30

The Predictable Inequities of COVID-19 in the US: Fundamental Causes and Broken Institutions 2019冠状病毒病在美国的可预见不平等:根本原因和破碎的制度

IF 1.4 4区哲学

Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal Pub Date : 2020-11-14 DOI: 10.1353/ken.2020.0012

S. Valles

引用次数: 1

Anarchist Responses to a Pandemic: The COVID-19 Crisis as a Case Study in Mutual Aid 无政府主义者对大流行的反应:以互助为例研究COVID-19危机

IF 1.4 4区哲学

Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal Pub Date : 2020-11-14 DOI: 10.1353/ken.2020.0019

N. Jun, M. Lance

引用次数: 11