International Journal of Breast Cancer最新文献

{"title":"The Patient Health Engagement Model in Cancer Management: Effect of Physical Activity, Distress Management, and Social Support Intervention to Improve the Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Patients","authors":"M. Changizi, L. Ghahremani, N. Ahmadloo, M. Kaveh","doi":"10.1155/2022/1944852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/1944852","url":null,"abstract":"Background Providing better care and encouraging behaviors promoting health are effective measures to manage breast cancer patients. The present research was conducted to carry out an intervention based on the PHE model to promote physical activity, distress management, social support, and quality of life in breast cancer patients. Methods This randomized control trial study was conducted on 123 women with breast cancer and their caregivers (group 1 = 61 and group 2 = 62). Subjects entered the study from the oncology ward of a specialized clinic in Shiraz, Iran. The education was done through clips, pamphlets, and lectures in 8 sessions with a duration of 15 to 25 minutes. A posttest was carried out in the both groups in 2 times (the end and 3 months) after intervention. The SPSS25 software was used to analyze the data. Results The mean and SD of age of group 1 were (45.77 ± 8.84) and control group 2 (45.58 ± 77.64). The fiding showed a significant difference between the mean scores of distress management, social support, physical activity, and cancer self-efficacy in group 1 vs. group 2 after intervention (P < 0.001). Also, the educational intervention improved quality of life (P = 0.003). Conclusion Intervention program based on the PHE model may facilitate the cognitive, emotional, and behavioral processes in breast cancer patient. Thus, it appears that the PHE model might promote patients' quality of life.","PeriodicalId":46159,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Breast Cancer","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78467026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prognostic Potential of Neurokinin 1 Receptor in Breast Cancer and Its Relationship with Ki-67 Index","authors":"M. Al-Keilani, Rana Elstaty, M. Alqudah","doi":"10.1155/2022/4987912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4987912","url":null,"abstract":"Background Neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) is a promising biomarker and therapeutic target in breast cancer. This study was aimed at investigating the expression level of NK1R in breast cancer tissues and its relationship with proliferation index as measured by Ki-67, clinicopathological characteristics of patients, and overall survival rate. Methods Immunohistochemical expression of NK1R and Ki-67 was measured in 164 paraffin-embedded breast cancer tissues of four molecular subtypes (42 HER2-enriched, 40 luminal A, 42 luminal B, and 40 triple negative). NK1R was scored semiquantitatively, while Ki-67 was obtained by the percentage of total number of tumor cells with nuclear staining. The optimal cutoff values for NK1R and Ki-67 were assessed by Cutoff Finder. Pearson's Chi-square (χ2) and Fisher's exact tests were used to compare the staining scores between groups. The Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank test was used for survival analysis. ANOVA and Student's t-test were used to compare group means. Results A total of 164 patients were included in the study which represented females with invasive ductal carcinoma. NK1R was expressed at high levels in about 34% of investigated cases. The mean Ki-67 level was about 27% and 41.5% of sample had high Ki-67 (expression level > 22%). NK1R expression levels were associated with higher tumor grade (p = 0.021) and high Ki-67 (p = 0.012). NK1R expression negatively impacted overall survival in grade II tumors (p = 0.027). Conclusion NK1R contributes to cellular proliferation and is associated with negative prognosis in breast cancer. These findings suggest the potential role of NK1R as a therapeutic target in breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":46159,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Breast Cancer","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77275376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Suspected Breast Lesions in Early-Stage Triple-Negative Breast Cancer during Follow-Up after Breast-Conserving Surgery Using Multiparametric MRI","authors":"L. Sad, Naglaa Lofty Dabees, Dareen Abd El-Aziz Mohamed, A. Tageldin, S. Younis","doi":"10.1155/2022/4299920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4299920","url":null,"abstract":"Background The local recurrence rate of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) can be as high as 12%.The standard treatment for early-stage TNBC is breast-conserving surgery (BCS), followed by postoperative radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy. However, detection of the local recurrence of the disease after radiotherapy is a major issue. Objective The aim of this study was at investigating the role of dynamic and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during follow-up after BCS and radiotherapy with/without chemotherapy to differentiate between locoregional recurrence and postoperative fibrosis. Patients and Methods. This prospective study was conducted at the oncology, radiology, and pathology departments, Tanta University. It involved 50 patients with early-stage TNBC who were treated with BCS, followed by radiotherapy with/without chemotherapy. The suspected lesions were evaluated during the follow-up period by sonomammography. All patients were subjected to MRI, including conventional sequences, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and dynamic postcontrast study. Results Ten cases were confirmed as recurrent malignant lesions. After contrast administration, they all exhibited irregular T1 hypodense lesions of variable morphology with diffusion restriction and positive enhancement. Eight cases displayed a type III curve, while two showed a type II curve. Histopathological assessment was consistent with the MRI findings in all eight cases. The combination of the data produced by DWI-MRI and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI resulted in 100%sensitivity, 92.5% specificity, 90.9% positive predictive value, 100% negative predictive value, and 98% accuracy. Conclusion Combination of DWI-MRI and DCE-MRI could have high diagnostic value for evaluating postoperative changes in patients with TNBC after BCS, followed by radiotherapy with/without chemotherapy. Trial Registrations. No trial to be registered.","PeriodicalId":46159,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Breast Cancer","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87548411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacological Properties to Pharmacological Insight of Sesamin in Breast Cancer Treatment: A Literature-Based Review Study","authors":"M. Sohel, Md. Nurul Islam, Md. Arju Hossain, Tayeba Sultana, A. Dutta, M. Rahman, Suraiya Aktar, Khairul Islam, Abdullah Al Mamun","doi":"10.1155/2022/2599689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2599689","url":null,"abstract":"The use of dietary phytochemical rather than conventional therapies to treat numerous cancers is now a well-known approach in medical science. Easily available and less toxic dietary phytochemicals present in plants should be introduced in the list of phytochemical-based treatment areas. Sesamin, a natural phytochemical, may be a promising chemopreventive agent aiming to manage breast cancer. In this study, we discussed the pharmacological properties of sesamin that determine its therapeutics opportunity to be used in breast cancer treatment and other diseases. Sesamin is available in medicinal plants, especially in Sesamum indicum, and is easily metabolized by the liver. To better understand the antibreast cancer consequence of sesamin, we postulate some putative pathways related to the antibreast cancer mechanism: (1) regulation of estrogen receptor (ER-α and ER-β) activities, (2) suppressing programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) overexpression, (3) growth factor receptor inhibition, and (4) some tyrosine kinase pathways. Targeting these pathways, sesamin can modulate cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest, cell growth and viability, metastasis, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and oncogene inactivation in various in vitro and animal models. Although the actual tumor intrinsic signaling mechanism targeted by sesamin in cancer treatment is still unknown, this review summarized that this phytoestrogen suppressed NF-κB, STAT, MAPK, and PIK/AKT signaling pathways and activated some tumor suppressor protein in numerous breast cancer models. Cotreatment with γ-tocotrienol, conventional drugs, and several drug carriers systems increased the anticancer potentiality of sesamin. Furthermore, sesamin exhibited promising pharmacokinetics properties with less toxicity in the bodies. Overall, the shreds of evidence highlight that sesamin can be a potent candidate to design drugs against breast cancer. So, like other phytochemicals, sesamin can be consumed for better therapeutic advantages due to having the ability to target a plethora of molecular pathways until clinically trialed standard drugs are not available in pharma markets.","PeriodicalId":46159,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Breast Cancer","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91078910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Significance of Breast Cancer Molecular Subtypes and Ki67 Expression as a Predictive Value for Pathological Complete Response following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Experience from a Tertiary Care Center in Lebanon.","authors":"Ali Atoui,&nbsp;Maroun Bou Zerdan,&nbsp;Ahmad El Mahmoud,&nbsp;Nathalie Chamseddine,&nbsp;Lina Hamad,&nbsp;Hazem I Assi","doi":"10.1155/2022/1218128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/1218128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Breast cancer is considered nowadays the most prevalent cancer worldwide. The molecular era has successfully divided breast cancer into subtypes based on the various hormonal receptors. These molecular subtypes play a major role in determining the neoadjuvant chemotherapy to be administered. It was noted that the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy was associated with higher achievement of pathological complete response. The aim of the study was to determine the predictive role of breast cancer subtypes in the efficacy and prognosis of neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Combining dose dense anthracycline-based, regular dose anthracycline-based, and nonanthracycline-based chemotherapy, we observed data from 87 patients with breast cancer who received surgery after administration of neoadjuvant chemotherapy at our institution between January 2015 and July 2018. The patients were classified into luminal A, luminal B, HER2 overexpression, and triple negative breast cancer as well as low Ki67 (≤14%) and high Ki67 (>14%) expression groups using immunohistochemistry. Pathologic complete response was the only neoadjuvant chemotherapy outcome parameter. To evaluate variables associated with pathologic complete response, we used univariate analyses followed by multivariate logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>87 patients with breast cancer were classified into different subtypes according to the 12^th St. Gallen International Breast Cancer Conference. The response rate to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was significantly different (<i>p</i> = 0.046) between the subgroups. There were significant correlations between pathological complete response (pCR) and ER status (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), HER2 (<i>p</i> = 0.013), molecular subtypes (<i>p</i> = 0.018), T stage (<i>p</i> = 0.024), N stage before chemotherapy (<i>p</i> = 0.04), and type of chemotherapy (<i>p</i> = 0.029). Luminal B type patients had the lowest pCR, followed by luminal A type patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Evaluating molecular subtype's significance in breast cancer prognosis warrants additional studies in our region with extensive data about patient-specific neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens. Our study was able to reproduce results complementary to those present in the literature in other outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":46159,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Breast Cancer","volume":"2022 ","pages":"1218128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8858059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39804543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Implications of MALAT1 and BACH1 Expression and Their Correlation with CTCs and Mo-MDSCs in Triple Negative Breast Cancer and Surgical Management Options.","authors":"Samah Said Elbasateeny,&nbsp;Mahmoud Abdou Yassin,&nbsp;Mohamed Mahmoud Mokhtar,&nbsp;Adel Mohamed Ismail,&nbsp;Huda Fathy Ebian,&nbsp;Samia Hussein,&nbsp;Sherin Attia Shazly,&nbsp;Mai Mohammed Abdelwabab","doi":"10.1155/2022/8096764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/8096764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a biologically separate entity of breast cancer that cannot get benefits from targeted or endocrine therapy.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the expression of MALAT1 and BACH1, as well as monocyte-myeloid-derived suppressor cell (Mo-MDSC) levels and circulating tumor cell (CTC) count in TNBC to correlate these markers with the clinic-pathological criteria of TNCB patients and to evaluate their roles as predictive markers for selection of the patients that can be operated by oncoplastic conserving breast surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty-eight TNBC were managed by modified doughnut breast oncoplastic surgery in early stages and by modified radical mastectomy for patients with late stages unsuitable for breast-conserving. All were examined for MALAT1 and BACH1 expression by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR as well as Mo-MDSC levels and CTCs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MALAT1 and BACH1 expressions are correlated with the larger size, lymph node, distance metastasis, and TNM staging (<i>p</i> < 0.05). CTCs ≥ 5 and high MO-MDSCs were significantly more in TNBC with MALAT1 and BACH1 overexpression. The survival study proved that DFS for patients with both positive expression of MALAT1 and BACH1 was shorter than that of one positive expression, and both negative expression <i>p</i> ≤ 0.001, CTCs ≥ 5, and high Mo-MDSCs are associated with poor outcomes. No significant difference between modified round block and modified radical mastectomy techniques as regards recurrence. However, all postoperative management outcomes were significantly better in patients operated by oncoplastic conserving breast surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BACH1 and MALAT1 expressions are significantly upregulated in TNBC. They are correlated with CTCs and Mo-MDCs, and all are associated with poor outcomes. Not all TNBC patients have a bad prognosis, patients negative for one of MALAT1 and BACH1 or both, have a slightly good prognosis, and so can be managed by breast oncoplastic conserving surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":46159,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Breast Cancer","volume":"2022 ","pages":"8096764"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8791720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39872119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) toward Cervical Cancer Screening among Adama Science and Technology University Female Students, Ethiopia.","authors":"Almaz Tadesse,&nbsp;Mesfin Tafa Segni,&nbsp;Hailu Fekadu Demissie","doi":"10.1155/2022/2490327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2490327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cervical cancer is a complication of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the second most common cancer in women worldwide. Eighty percent of the cases occur in low-resource countries. According to the 2009 World Health Organization report, the age-adjusted incidence rate of cervical cancer in Ethiopia was 35.9 per 100,000 patients with 7619 annual number of new cases and 60-81 deaths every year. The study is aimed at assessing the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice concerning cervical cancer among female students at Adama Science and Technology University. <i>Methodology</i>. An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted among 667Adama Science and Technology University female students. A simple random sampling method was used to select the respondents. Structured self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>About 404 (60.6%) of the participants heard about cervical cancer, 478 (71.7%) had positive attitude towards cervical cancer screening, and only 15 (2.2%) participants were screened for cervical cancer. Lack of information about cervical cancer was the most reported reason for not attending to cervical cancer screening. <i>Conclusion and Recommendation</i>. The study showed that there was low knowledge on cervical cancer and screening for premalignant lesion among women. There is a need to promote and encourage women to early cervical cancer screening at precancerous stage by informing their susceptibility to cervical cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":46159,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Breast Cancer","volume":"2022 ","pages":"2490327"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8776479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39854095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indeterminate (B3) Breast Lesions and the Ongoing Role of Diagnostic Open Biopsy.","authors":"Elizabeth Tan,&nbsp;Asiri Arachchi,&nbsp;Michael Cheng,&nbsp;Darren Lockie","doi":"10.1155/2021/5555458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5555458","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Due to their uncertain malignant potential, indeterminate breast lesions on core needle biopsy (CNB) require diagnostic open biopsy (DOB). This study evaluated DOB results given largely benign pathology. Lesions included are atypical papilloma, atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH), atypical lobular hyperplasia (ALH), and radial scar/complex sclerosing lesions (RS/CSL). <i>Methodology</i>. A retrospective audit from 2010 to 2017 analysed patients with a screen-detected suspicious lesion and indeterminate (B3) CNB diagnosis. Primary outcome was the malignancy upgrade rate, with secondary evaluation of patient factors predictive of malignancy including age, symptoms, mammogram characteristics, lesion size, biopsy method, and past and family history.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>152 patients (median age 57 years) were included, with atypical papillomas being the largest subgroup (44.7%). On DOB histology, 99.34% were benign, resulting in a 0.66% malignancy upgrade rate. Patient characteristic analysis identified 86.84% of B3 lesions were in patients greater than 50 years old. 90.13% were asymptomatic, whilst 98.68% and 72.37% had a negative past and family history. Majority 46.71% of lesions had the mammogram characteristic of being a mass. However, with 57.89% of the lesion imaging size less than 4 mm, a corresponding 60.5% of core needle biopsies were performed stereotactically. The small malignant subgroup limited predictive factor evaluation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Albeit a low 0.66% malignancy upgrade rate in B3 lesions, no statistically significant patient predictive factors were identified. Until predictive factors and further assessment of vacuum-assisted excision (VAE) techniques evolve, DOB remains the standard of care.</p>","PeriodicalId":46159,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Breast Cancer","volume":"2021 ","pages":"5555458"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8723853/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39877510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survival Outcomes among Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2- (HER2-) Positive Breast Cancer Patients at Kenyatta National Hospital.","authors":"Gloria Tuwei, Amsalu Degu","doi":"10.1155/2021/3115727","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2021/3115727","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>HER2-positive breast cancer is associated with poor outcomes and higher mortality rates than other breast cancer subtypes. The advent of trastuzumab has significantly changed the natural history of HER2-positive breast cancer. However, it is not an affordable treatment option in sub-Saharan African countries. Because of the expense, most patients in our setting do not receive trastuzumab for the optimal control of their disease. Additionally, there is a lack of comprehensive data about the survival outcomes of HER2-positive breast cancer patients in our setting. The present study was aimed at determining the survival outcomes among HER2-positive breast cancer patients at the Oncology Department of Kenyatta National Hospital.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A hospital-based retrospective cohort design was used to evaluate the survival outcomes among patients with HER2-positive breast cancer treated from 1^st January 2015 to 31^st December 2019 at Kenyatta National Hospital. A total of 50 eligible HER2-positive breast cancer patients were included in the study. In the predesigned data abstraction tool, data were collected by reviewing the medical records of the patients. The data were entered and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 27 software. The mean survival time was estimated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 45.44 ± 12.218 years, with a majority (80%) of the patients being below 60 years. Most patients (64%) had advanced-stage disease. The median follow-up time for patients with curative stages of breast cancer was 41 months, while the median follow-up time for those with the advanced incurable disease was 8.5 months. The 4-year survival rate was 62.5% for those curable-stage HER2-positive breast cancer compared to 5.6% for those with metastatic disease at presentation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 4-year survival rate for both early-stage and advanced-stage HER2-positive breast cancer in our setting is suboptimal when compared to existing outcome data from health care systems where trastuzumab is more widely available.</p>","PeriodicalId":46159,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Breast Cancer","volume":"2021 ","pages":"3115727"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8694968/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39641339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CD44 Variant Exon 6 Isoform Expression as a Potential Predictor of Lymph Node Metastasis in Invasive Breast Carcinoma of No Special Type.","authors":"Primariadewi Rustamadji,&nbsp;Elvan Wiyarta,&nbsp;Kristina A Bethania","doi":"10.1155/2021/1586367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/1586367","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Invasive breast carcinoma of no special type (IBC-NST) is the most widespread invasive carcinoma subtype causing primarily regional metastases of the lymphatic node (LNM). The capacity of CD44 variant exon 6 (CD44v6) expression as an LNM predictor biomarker in IBC-NST was explored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional research with 48 paraffin blocks containing IBC-NST primary tumors that were divided into two groups by LNM. The assessment has been carried out in terms of age, tumor size, tumor grade, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), and CD44v6 expression. The expression of CD44v6 was analyzed on the grounds of immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, while other data were taken from archives. Statistical analysis is carried out by univariate, multivariate, and AUROC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CD44v6 exhibits a dominant expression in IBC-NST tumor cells. Univariate analysis revealed a significant association between CD44v6 and LNM status (<i>p</i> = 0.001). Multiple logistic regression results showed that CD44v6 expression and LVI were significantly associated with LNM with OR 10.7 (95% CI: 2.43 to 47.08) and 6.22 (95% CI: 1.4 to 27.88), respectively. CD44v6 expression was able to discriminate against LNM with AUROC 0.863 ± 0.053 (95% CI: 0.759 to 0.967) at the H-score cut-off 133.889 (75% sensitivity and 83.3% specificity).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CD44v6 expression and LVI are potential predictors of LNM in IBC-NST. The H-score cut-off of the CD44v6 expression can also be used as a threshold for classification in further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":46159,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Breast Cancer","volume":"2021 ","pages":"1586367"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8683235/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39739991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}