Fitriyah Razali, Dzurllkanian Daud, Weng Wai Choong, Wilson Rangga Anthony Jiram, Noramirah Nabilah Sulaiman, Raja Nurul Sakinah Raja Syamsuddin
{"title":"Facilities management as moderator in improving waste separation behaviour among households","authors":"Fitriyah Razali, Dzurllkanian Daud, Weng Wai Choong, Wilson Rangga Anthony Jiram, Noramirah Nabilah Sulaiman, Raja Nurul Sakinah Raja Syamsuddin","doi":"10.1108/pm-05-2024-0046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/pm-05-2024-0046","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Purpose</h3>\u0000<p>This research focuses on the role of facilities management (FM) elements which are people who represent the household, and process, place and technology as the FM elements. The findings of this research include a list of suggestions to improve SSI implementation based on the FM elements. A waste separation behaviour model was established based on the findings, which was then further validated by experts in related fields.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3>\u0000<p>This paper explains how the process, place and technology elements of FM moderate and influence waste separation behaviour among households. A conceptual framework is proposed, grounded on the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), and a questionnaire survey was conducted to collect primary data from 900 eligible respondents among the residents of high-rise residential units in Malaysia’s capital city, Kuala Lumpur. SmartPLS software was used to analyse the structural equation model (SEM) of the conceptual framework developed to test the moderator’s effects.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Findings</h3>\u0000<p>The findings show that the process, place and technology moderators significantly and positively affected the relationship between perceived behavioural control and waste separation behaviour. Process and technology moderators significantly and positively affect the relationship between moral norms and waste separation behaviour among households. This research focuses on the role of FM elements which are people who represent the household and process, place and technology as the FM elements. The findings of this research include a list of suggestions to improve Separation at Source Initiative (SSI) implementation based on the FM elements. A waste separation behaviour model was established based on the findings, which was then further validated by experts in related fields.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Originality/value</h3>\u0000<p>This study implements the case of categorical moderator type and multiple constructs toward the relationships of formative indicators and contributes to knowledge regarding the analysis of moderator variables and structural equation modelling.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->","PeriodicalId":46102,"journal":{"name":"Property Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elvis Attakora-Amaniampong, Williams Miller Appau, Joseph Yaw Dwamena Quansah
{"title":"Contributions of greenery toward student residential mobility: findings from purpose-built university student housing in Northern Ghana","authors":"Elvis Attakora-Amaniampong, Williams Miller Appau, Joseph Yaw Dwamena Quansah","doi":"10.1108/pm-12-2023-0120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/pm-12-2023-0120","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Purpose</h3>\u0000<p>The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of greenery on residential mobility within purpose-built student housing facilities in Northern Ghana.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3>\u0000<p>This research employed a structured questionnaire and utilized an experimental block design, encompassing 124 comparative greened and non-greened student housing facilities, with a total of 995 resident participants. The impact of greenery on residential mobility was analyzed using a repeated sales model and <em>t</em>-test analysis.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Findings</h3>\u0000<p>Results revealed that residential mobility was significantly higher in non-greened student housing facilities than their greened counterparts. The study further indicated that the presence of greenery had a substantial effect on residential mobility, attributed to residents' preferences for the ecological, social and economic benefits associated with greenery, rather than merely infrastructure considerations.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Practical implications</h3>\u0000<p>Enhancing the aesthetic appeal, economic viability, safety, security and health benefits of greened student housing facilities while managing the influence of greenery on infrastructure was found to affect residential mobility. The findings suggest that improving occupancy rates in these facilities through the incorporation of greenery could yield higher rental income and better cash flows for investors involved in student housing operations.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Originality/value</h3>\u0000<p>This study highlights the ecological, social and economic advantages of greenery for residents. While the benefits of greenery in residential contexts are increasingly recognized, the specific impact of greenery on residential mobility within the Sub-Saharan African context represents a novel contribution. The application of neighborhood effects theory to the examination of greenery benefits and residential mobility in this region adds a new dimension to existing research.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->","PeriodicalId":46102,"journal":{"name":"Property Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Özlem Altınkaya Genel, Alexandra C. den Heijer, Monique H. Arkesteijn
{"title":"Continuous briefing for the future university campus: an evidence-based approach to match spatial supply and demand","authors":"Özlem Altınkaya Genel, Alexandra C. den Heijer, Monique H. Arkesteijn","doi":"10.1108/pm-12-2022-0093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/pm-12-2022-0093","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Purpose</h3>\u0000<p>To plan the future university campus, campus executives need decision-making support from theory and practice. Matching the static campus (supply) with the dynamic (demand) - while safeguarding spatial quality and sustainability - requires management information from similar organizations. This study presents an evidence-based briefing approach to support decision-makers of individual universities with management information when making decisions for their future campus.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3>\u0000<p>For the proposed evidence-based briefing approach, the continuous Designing an Accommodation Strategy (DAS) framework is used in a mixed-method research design to evaluate the past to plan for the future. Five campus themes and three campus models (solid, liquid, and gas) are introduced to describe the development and diversification of university campuses and their impact across different university building types. Based on this theoretical framework, first, qualitative interview data are analyzed to understand which standards campus managers expect; second, a quantitative project database is used to demonstrate what is actually realized.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Findings</h3>\u0000<p>The findings demonstrate that remote working and online education will become more common. Academic workplaces and learning environments are more adaptive to changes than laboratory spaces. The analyses reveal different effective space use strategies to meet the current demand: they include space-efficient mixed-use buildings, and mono-functional generic educational and office spaces. These results show that operationalized evidence-based briefing can help design the future campus.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Originality/value</h3>\u0000<p>The study adds knowledge during a critical (post-COVID) period when decision-makers need evidence from others to adapt their campus management strategies to hybrid and sustainable ambitions.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->","PeriodicalId":46102,"journal":{"name":"Property Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141937921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Martin Ahlenius, Björn Berggren, Jonas Kågström, Lars-Johan Åge
{"title":"The role of gained trust: effects on intrinsic motivation, person-job fit and turnover intentions among real estate brokers","authors":"Martin Ahlenius, Björn Berggren, Jonas Kågström, Lars-Johan Åge","doi":"10.1108/pm-01-2024-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/pm-01-2024-0010","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Purpose</h3>\u0000<p>The purpose of this paper is to analyze if gained trust is intrinsically motivating and whether it is correlated to subjective person-job fit and occupational turnover intentions among Swedish real estate brokers.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3>\u0000<p>The empirical data was gathered via a survey targeting all real estate brokers in Sweden and analyzed using structural equation modeling.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Findings</h3>\u0000<p>The results indicated that brokers are motivated by gained trust from their sellers and that gained trust is a vital part of person-job fit among brokers. In addition, the results show that higher levels of person-job fit reduce the occupational turnover intentions among brokers.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Research limitations/implications</h3>\u0000<p>Being a real estate broker in Sweden might differ from being a broker in many other otherwise comparable countries. Another limitation is the lack of measurements of job satisfaction and/or intrinsic motivation connected to other job characteristics besides customer relations and gained trust. The high mean values of person-job fit, and intrinsic motivation connected to gained trust from customers are contributing to a more nuanced description of brokerage.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Practical implications</h3>\u0000<p>This study gives insights about intrinsic motivation and its connection to person-job fit. Awareness of what drives brokes can be used by both workers and managers to reduce occupational turnover.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Originality/value</h3>\u0000<p>This study is interesting from a person-job fit theory advancement perspective since the focus is given to the connection between specific situational work characteristics and person-job fit.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->","PeriodicalId":46102,"journal":{"name":"Property Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141773277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stakeholder assessment of design quality indicators for community centers: a Delphi approach","authors":"Mohammad A. Hassanain, Ibrahim Al-Suwaiti","doi":"10.1108/pm-12-2023-0119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/pm-12-2023-0119","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Purpose</h3>\u0000<p>This paper seeks to establish design quality indicators (DQIs) that can be utilized for assessing the design of community centers, with an emphasis on the technical, functional, and behavioral performance domains.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3>\u0000<p>A comprehensive literature review resulted in identifying 79 DQIs for community centers. A three round Delphi evaluation approach was utilized to rate the importance of the DQIs through their relative importance index (RII) values. The assessment of the DQIs involved a diverse group of stakeholders including facilities managers, architects/engineers (A/Es), community centers’ staff, and regular visitors of community centers.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Findings</h3>\u0000<p>The majority of the established DQIs were considered to be either “Very Important” or “Important”.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Practical implications</h3>\u0000<p>The established DQIs can be utilized to identify best practices in the design of community centers and benchmark the performance of different community centers.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Originality/value</h3>\u0000<p>The design quality of community centers could significantly impact the community's quality of life and user experience. The development of DQIs provides for enhanced accountability and improved service delivery for the communities they serve. This enables community centers to be more effective, efficient, and responsive to the needs of the users they support.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->","PeriodicalId":46102,"journal":{"name":"Property Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141773276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Augustina Chiwuzie, D. Daniel, Olusegun Ogunba, Jonas Hahn
{"title":"Creating an inclusive real estate industry: assessing the enrolment, experiences and career prospects of female students in an African higher education institution","authors":"Augustina Chiwuzie, D. Daniel, Olusegun Ogunba, Jonas Hahn","doi":"10.1108/pm-07-2023-0067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/pm-07-2023-0067","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeWorkspace equality and inclusivity remain critical in promoting diversity and dynamism across all sectors of the economy. Despite recent progress, gender disparities persist in the real estate sector, including education and training programmes. This study employs a quantitative research design to assess gender diversity of real estate education at Federal Polytechnic Ede in Nigeria. The study focuses on female students' enrolment in real estate programmes, their experiences, perceptions and any potential effect on real estate career prospects.Design/methodology/approachA self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from 138 out of all the 150 female students currently enrolled in the real estate programmes. Descriptive statistics and a one-sample t-test were utilised for the data analysis.FindingsThe findings indicate an increased number of females enrolled in real estate programmes. Female students face a lack of access to mentorship opportunities and perceive gender discrimination and bias in the real estate industry. However, these industry factors would not deter female students' decision to pursue a career in the real estate industry after graduation.Originality/valueThis study to the best knowledge of the researchers is the first to investigate gender dimensions of real estate programmes in the context of African higher education institutions; thereby contributing to the body of knowledge on gender diversity in this field.","PeriodicalId":46102,"journal":{"name":"Property Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141639852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The strategic importance of Australian farmland as a property sector for institutional investors","authors":"Graeme Newell, Jufri Marzuki","doi":"10.1108/pm-01-2024-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/pm-01-2024-0012","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Purpose</h3>\u0000<p>Farmland is an important property sector that has attracted the attention of institutional investors globally in recent years. This paper examines the risk-adjusted performance and portfolio diversification benefits of Australian farmland in a portfolio over the eight-year period of Q2:2015–Q2:2023, highlighting the unique property management dimensions to this property sector for its effective role in an institutional investor's property portfolio.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3>\u0000<p>Using the quarterly ANREV Australian farmland index over Q2:2015–Q2:2023, the risk-adjusted performance and portfolio diversification potential of Australian farmland is assessed. Constrained mixed-asset portfolios are used to assess the potential added-value role of Australian farmland in a mixed-asset portfolio. Analyses are also done for the farmland sub-sectors of annual farmland and permanent farmland.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Findings</h3>\u0000<p>Australian farmland is seen to show strong risk-adjusted performance but at a much higher risk level than that seen for direct property. Diversification benefits from Australian farmland are also evident, with an important role by Australian farmland seen in the mixed-asset portfolio. Specific farmland property management strategies are identified for the effective inclusion of farmland in an institutional investor's property portfolio, including the potential benefits towards net zero carbon strategies.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Originality/value</h3>\u0000<p>This is the first research that provides an independent empirical examination of the strategic importance of Australian farmland property for institutional investors using the institutional investment-grade ANREV Australian farmland database, from both an investment and environmental perspective. The unique property management implications for Australian farmland property are also highlighted, including the potential role of Australian farmland in net zero carbon strategies by institutional investors.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->","PeriodicalId":46102,"journal":{"name":"Property Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141502996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The impact of intellectual capital on local authorities performance in property tax reassessment: the mediating role of process innovation","authors":"Asma Senawi, Atasya Osmadi, Siti Fairuz Che Pin","doi":"10.1108/pm-11-2023-0112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/pm-11-2023-0112","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Purpose</h3>\u0000<p>This study aims to investigate the factors influencing property tax reassessment performance in West Malaysia. It specifically examines intangible aspects, such as intellectual capital and process innovation among valuation officers. The primary concern in this study is the variability in how effectively local authorities carry out property tax reassessment, with a significant number of them not conducting revaluations regularly.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3>\u0000<p>The data was collected using self-administered and electronic questionnaires using a purposive sampling method. The 154 useable responses were further analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling in SmartPLS 4.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Findings</h3>\u0000<p>The result shows that process innovation mediates the relationship between structural capital and property tax reassessment performance as well as the relationship between relational capital and property tax reassessment performance. This suggests that local authority systems and policies are indirectly related to reassessment practises by introducing new methods of reassessment in the form of administration and technology. The result shows that building good relationships with stakeholders and other institutions encourages staff to develop innovative ideas for their reassessment activities, thus enhance the performance of property tax reassessment.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Practical implications</h3>\u0000<p>The study provides insightful information for local authorities managers and stakeholders in crafting a better policy for periodic property tax reassessment. The study suggests the need for new administration and technological innovation in developing effective property tax reassessment strategies through the integration of organisational structure and relationship building.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Originality/value</h3>\u0000<p>The study developed a new model for property tax reassessment performance that incorporates intangible assets with the introduction of process innovation as a mediator.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->","PeriodicalId":46102,"journal":{"name":"Property Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141503012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Toward disaster resilience in property management: the nomenclature of structural and non-structural building adaptation measures relative to flood exposure","authors":"A. Amadi","doi":"10.1108/pm-06-2023-0052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/pm-06-2023-0052","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThe study aims to investigate the nomenclature of structural versus non-structural building adaptation measures taken by occupants of residential properties located in flood-prone areas of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, to verify whether they are adapted or maladapted relative to their level of flood exposure and underscore the role of disaster resilience in property management.Design/methodology/approachUsing the survey research strategy, the uptake of structural and non-structural adaptation measures in spatially distributed areas of Port Harcourt was descriptively analyzed and tested to identify significant variation in the uptake of adaptation measures relative to increasing flooding levels, using a one-way ANOVA.FindingsThe study outcome reveals that there are some distinctive features of buildings in Port Harcourt which provide wet-proofing structural adaptation qualities while dry-proofing structural adaptation measures are not adequate. However, although some key structural adaptation measures were adapted relative to the levels of flood exposure, most structural features of the buildings do not vary relative to flooding levels, indicating maladaptation even with increasing flood risk. The uptake of non-structural measures is also inadequate and maladapted relative to changes in the level of flood exposure, despite their non-intrusive and low-cost nature. Overall, the findings imply that maladaptation is more prevalent.Originality/valueThe study provides a descriptive snapshot of the nomenclature of property-level flood risk adaptation in residential buildings, while highlighting the maladaptive tendencies/behavior of property occupants, within a metropolitan setting in the developing world, necessary to inform policy and provide sensitization for fostering disaster resilience in property management.","PeriodicalId":46102,"journal":{"name":"Property Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141334868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A comparative analysis of “building well-being” factors for prime office workers in London and Hong Kong","authors":"Hugo Perry, G. Dericks","doi":"10.1108/pm-10-2023-0104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/pm-10-2023-0104","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeIn order to determine whether the factors affecting office worker well-being are location dependent, this exploratory study analyses the relative importance of different “building well-being” factors for prime office workers in two leading but environmentally contrastive real estate markets: London and Hong Kong.Design/methodology/approachThis paper adopts a mixed methods sequential explanatory design (follow-up explanations model), consisting of three phases: an exploratory phase to refine the building well-being factors, a quantitative phase utilising a questionnaire to assess the relative importance of these building well-being factors (N = 281: London = 171; Hong Kong = 110), followed by a final phase of follow-up interviews with respondents to explore the reasons behind the significant differences observed in the quantitative phase (N = 13: London = 7; Hong Kong = 6).FindingsWhile London and Hong Kong share some highly-ranking factors in common, significant differences in importance are observed for 17 of the 31 identified factors as a result of contrasting physical, economic, and cultural environments.Originality/valueDespite growing recognition of the importance of the built environment on well-being, to the authors’ knowledge there has been no previous research investigating how building well-being demands may vary systematically across geographies. Understanding these differences has important implications for interpreting building well-being research, effective business operations, real estate investment, building certification scheme design, and governance of the built environment.","PeriodicalId":46102,"journal":{"name":"Property Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141339110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}