Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies最新文献

{"title":"Effect of caregiver depression on adolescent internalising and externalising behaviour: findings from a longitudinal study in a high-risk South African environment","authors":"S. du Toit, K. Haag, M. Tomlinson, L. Sherr, Marguerite Marlow, J. Stewart, S. Skeen","doi":"10.1080/17450128.2023.2192994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2023.2192994","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Adolescents living in low- and-middle incomeand middle-income countries are at a particular risk of poor mental health. Caregiver mental health plays a crucial role in a child’s emotional and behavioural development and may directly impact a child’s risk for future development of mental health problems. Data collected as part of a two-decade longitudinal multiphase research project were used. Participants, originally women in their third trimester of pregnancy (n = 449), were recruited from a peri-urban impoverished community outside of Cape Town, South Africa, and assessed at several time-points over subsequent years. Data collected during the three phases of the research were used to assess the effects of early and current caregiver depression on adolescent internalising and externalising behaviour. Analyses of Covariance models were used to explore the effect of caregiver depression on adolescent internalising and externalising behaviour, while controlling for multiple covariates. We analysed data for 313 adolescent participants and their primary caregivers. Caregiver depression patterns had a significant main effect on externalising behaviour, F(3,305) = 4.10 (p = 0.007), but not on internalising behaviour, F(3,305) = 2.71 (p = 0.09). Post-hoc analysis showed that those adolescents exposed to early and current caregiver depression scored on average 3.83 points (95% CI [0.99; 6.66]) higher in externalising behaviour than those exposed to no caregiver depression. Also, adolescents who experienced a change in caregiver, compared to those whose biological mother were still their primary caregiver, reported significantly higher levels of externalising behaviour F(1,305) = 5.10, p = 0.03. The study findings provide crucial insight into critical periods of risk, as well as opportunities for prevention. Preventive interventions should ideally target caregivers and adolescents to prevent or reduce behavioural problems and disrupt intergenerational cycles of mental disorders or behavioural problems.","PeriodicalId":46101,"journal":{"name":"Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"330 - 345"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48700647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cross-sectional online survey of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among adolescents in Medan, Indonesia","authors":"T. B. Purnama, Insani Arrafi, I. Ikhwan, Liliek Pratiwi, Tri Suci Rahmayani, Ayu Sajida Da’ad Arini","doi":"10.1080/17450128.2023.2188337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2023.2188337","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The COVID-19 vaccination can help to reduce the spread of the COVID-19 virus. Low vaccine acceptance among adolescents could exacerbate the risk of COVID-19. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and risk factors among adolescents. This study used cross-sectional with adolescents who are domiciled in Medan City. The sample was gathered through an online survey, and the data was analysed using bivariate and multivariate statistics (Multiple Logistic Regression). According to the findings, 96.2% of respondents are aware of the COVID-19 vaccination programme, and 47.9% are willing to be vaccinated. Social media was predominantly a source of information on COVID-19 vaccination among respondents. The results revealed that economic status, social media information, and knowing the vaccination program had an influence on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. Health education and promotion amongst the targeted group is needed to increase future COVID-19 vaccine coverage.","PeriodicalId":46101,"journal":{"name":"Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"422 - 430"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46828443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Untangling the ‘health paradox’ among adolescent girls: the role of immigration status, depression, and decision-making","authors":"Anastasiia Timmer, Cathrine Jacobsen","doi":"10.1080/17450128.2023.2182931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2023.2182931","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The ‘health paradox’ is a phenomenon in which immigrants report better health than their native-born counterparts despite experiencing numerous adversities. This study examines the ‘health paradox’ among adolescent girls in the U.S. and evaluates the understudied pathways and conditions in the immigration status-health link, including the role of emotional (i.e. depressive symptoms) and cognitive (i.e. decision-making) domains. Drawing on Wave I (1994–1995) and Wave II (1996) of a nationally representative longitudinal study of adolescents (Add Health), a series of regression models was conducted to explore the relationship between girls’ immigration status and health (N = 6,543). Further, mean centered multiplicative terms and the KHB decomposition procedure were used to assess the moderating and mediating effects of depressive symptoms and decision-making. Results reveal that, in general, foreign-born girls enjoy better health as compared to their native-born counterparts, which is partially explained by their fewer depressive symptoms. Importantly, however, the experience of higher levels of depressive symptoms appears to decrease immigrant girls’ resilience. The ability to be thoughtful and reflective when making choices serves as a health protective factor among girls overall, suggesting the need to foster adolescent girls’ decision-making skills to improve their health. Policy recommendation based on our findings are discussed.","PeriodicalId":46101,"journal":{"name":"Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46722938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring childhood experiences and family contexts as risk factors for drug use in the lives of young drug users in the Western Cape, South Africa","authors":"E. Rich, M. Londt, L. Holtman","doi":"10.1080/17450128.2023.2179149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2023.2179149","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The use of drugs amongst adolescents and youth has become a global phenomenon and South Africa is no exception. This paper aims to explore the familial contexts and childhood experiences leading up to the drug-taking pathways of young drug users. A qualitative approach was utilized to gather demographic from a purposive sample of 41 young (14–19 years) drug users, at five drug treatment centres in the Western Cape of South Africa. Additionally, participants could agree to participate in an in-depth interview or to provide a written life history account. A thematic data analysis was applied, and the results uncovered a range of family-related risk factors such as family structure (single motherhood and absent fatherhood), and other negative family functioning and practices such as troubled parent-child relationships, poor family communication/interactions, parental/family substance abuse, and conflict-ridden, stressful and often violent and abusive family situations. The findings suggest that prevention initiatives should focus on strengthening family functioning by reducing high conflict, stress, violent and abusive family situations, as well as aim to enhance the caregiver-child relationship. Prevention strategies should encourage live-in and non-live-in fathers to be actively involved in the lives of their children and should aim to reduce parental/caregiver substance abuse.","PeriodicalId":46101,"journal":{"name":"Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59913099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between social media use and collective identity among the HIV/AIDS-affected adolescents: from the online social support perspective","authors":"Lin Zhang","doi":"10.1080/17450128.2023.2182932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2023.2182932","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Research has suggested social media use plays an important role in forming collective identity among marginalized groups. From the online social support perspective, this study aims to explore the relationship between social media use and collective identity of HIV/AIDS-affected adolescents. A field survey was conducted in Wen Lou village (a famous Chinese ‘AIDS Village’) and valid questionnaires were completed by the HIV/AIDS-affected adolescents. A linear regression analysis was conducted to detect how demographic variables, social media use and online social support predict the collective identity of the HIV/AIDS-affected adolescents. For social media use, △R2 = 0.157, p < .05; and for online social support, △R2 = 0.358, p < .001, specifically for instrumental support, β = .281, p < .05. Preference for social media use and online social support positively predict their collective identity, but social media use intensity negatively predicts their collective identity. There are no significant differences in the levels of social media use intensity, preference for social media use, online social support and collective identity between different genders of the HIV/AIDS-affected adolescents. The level of ‘ideology’ is quite low, many participants did not show negative emotions for being a member of the ‘AIDS Village’ adolescents, or show hatred to people outside the ‘AIDS Village’.","PeriodicalId":46101,"journal":{"name":"Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"359 - 366"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41518381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disability, fatigue and peripheral neuropathy in adolescents with perinatal HIV infection","authors":"N Comley-White, J. Potterton, V. Ntsiea","doi":"10.1080/17450128.2023.2177368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2023.2177368","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Perinatally HIV-infected adolescents (PHIVA) experience many physical sequelae, but little is known about their levels of disability, fatigue or peripheral neuropathy. This study aimed to determine these sequelae through a cross-sectional analysis in a population of PHIVA and HIV-negative adolescents, based in Johannesburg, South Africa. Outcome measures used were the HIV-related Fatigue Scale, World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 and the Brief Peripheral Neuropathy Screen, to measure fatigue, level of disability and peripheral neuropathy, respectively. Of the 249 participants assessed, 59% (n = 147) were PHIVA, and the mean age of the participants was 12 years. Clinical data for the PHIVA group showed that the majority (87.1%) were virally suppressed. When compared to the HIV-negative group, PHIVA presented with significantly greater levels of fatigue intensity [1.2(SD±0.5) vs. 1.5(SD±0.9) p = 0.022] and disability [9.2(±6.8) vs. 11.5(±8.9) p = 0.023], with specific limitations in mobility, self-care and participation. No significant differences in peripheral neuropathy were found. In conclusion, PHIVA face challenges with disability and fatigue highlighting the necessity of comprehensive management for this population.","PeriodicalId":46101,"journal":{"name":"Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41881376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlates of orthorexia nervosa in a sample of Lebanese adolescents: the co-moderating effect of body dissatisfaction and self-esteem between mental health issues and orthorexia nervosa","authors":"Mariam Mhanna, R. Azzi, S. Hallit, S. Obeid, M. Soufia","doi":"10.1080/17450128.2022.2163732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2022.2163732","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A limited amount of studies exists today on the prevalence of orthorexia nervosa (ON) and associated factors in adolescents. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the correlation of body dissatisfaction, self-esteem, anxiety and depression with ON tendencies and behaviors among a sample of Lebanese adolescents (15 to 18 years old), suggesting body dissatisfaction and self-esteem as co-moderators among these factors. This cross-sectional study, conducted between May and June 2020, enrolled 555 Lebanese adolescents, using a proportionate sample from all Lebanese governorates. The results of a first linear regression, taking the ON score as the dependent variable, showed that more anxiety, following a diet to lose weight, starving oneself to lose weight and feeling pressured by media to lose weight were significantly associated with more ON. When entering the interaction body dissatisfaction by depression/anxiety as independent variables, the results showed that following a diet to lose weight, starving oneself to lose weight and feeling pressured by media to lose weight were significantly associated with more ON, whereas higher body dissatisfaction and more depression were significantly associated with less ON. Moreover, the interaction depression by body dissatisfaction showed significance with ON; in patients with high depression, high body dissatisfaction was significantly associated with higher ON. In this study, a significant strong and equivocal interactive correlation was found between ON and different demographic, sociocultural and psychological factors. Although the obtained findings remain preliminary, being taken from a limited sample from one Arabic country, they may still add to the scarcity of the literature about ON and its screening tools, as well as they may pave a way for future research in the field of the eating psychology.","PeriodicalId":46101,"journal":{"name":"Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44335667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prevalence and Association of Cyberbullying and Depression in the Malaysian Adolescent Population During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Khong Yun Pang, Wenfu Ku, Jaclyn Hui Jie Teng, Philip Oon Hun Ling, Pei Boon Ooi","doi":"10.1080/17450128.2022.2159599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2022.2159599","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about the implementation of distance and online learning in educational settings, causing cyberbullying to become a rising issue as Internet use has become a necessity among adolescents for their learning and schooling during the pandemic. This increased use of the Internet due to the current mode of learning has led to the emergence of more frequent experiences of depression, as there is a great lack of social interaction among school adolescents. Therefore, this study seeks to examine the prevalence of cyberbullying and depression and the association between the two among Malaysian adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic period. A cross-sectional study using convenience was carried out via Survey Monkey, reaching a total of 1591 respondents in Malaysia. The data collected was then analyzed using the binary logistic regression test with single independent variable. Based on the survey results, 281 (17.6%) respondents self-reported to having severe depression, while 726 (45.6%) respondents self-reported to having no depression. Incidences of cyberbullying were reported to have occurred among 619 (38.9%) respondents, with daily incidences being reported as happening the most frequent (16.5%), followed by a couple of times a month (14.1%), and once a month (13.1%). It was also found that cyberbullying experiences during the pre-pandemic (OR = 1.41, 95%, C.I. = 1.003, 1.978) and post-pandemic periods (OR = 5.21, 95%, C.I. = 3.120, 8.690) are associated with depression. Additionally, females (OR = 2.94, 95%, C.I. = 2.388, 3.613) and those within the age group of 16 to 18 years (OR = 1.23, 95%, C.I. = 1.008, 1.503) achieve a high depression score. This study concludes that there is a high prevalence of cyberbullying and depression among Malaysian adolescents. Therefore, we urge for immediate interventions to be carried out to monitor the online activity, incidences of cyberbullying, and depression issues among Malaysian adolescents.","PeriodicalId":46101,"journal":{"name":"Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"346 - 358"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41995264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving the education quality for refugee children: perspectives from teachers at refugee education centres in Malaysia","authors":"P. Siah, S. Low, S. T’ng, Khee Hoong Ho, Y. Lim, Siew-May Cheng, Poi Kee Low","doi":"10.1080/17450128.2022.2163731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2022.2163731","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Many refugee children have not only suffered from their negative past experiences but also faced challenges to cope with their current difficulties and to improve themselves for a better future. Education is a strategy to assist these refugee children in tackling these difficulties, and a key factor in ensuring the success of education is the quality of teachers. This study uses the job demands and job resource model as a framework to understand the job demands of teachers at refugee community learning centres in Malaysia and their available resources, and the resources that the teachers need to meet their job demands. Purposive sampling was used to recruit 52 refugee teachers, and focus group discussion was used to collect data. Thematic analysis was then used to analyze the data. The results showed that the main difficult job demands are handling the classroom due to the lack of facilities, space and professional training. The diversities in students’ language levels and cultural backgrounds and the psychological problems of students increase the difficulties in classroom management. Support from different parties to provide relevant resources is needed for refugee teachers to tackle their job demands so that a better-quality education can be provided to refugee children.","PeriodicalId":46101,"journal":{"name":"Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"458 - 466"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46968988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol, drug use, and sexual risk among young African American women in North Carolina: Is educational attainment protective?","authors":"Felicia A Browne, Courtney Peasant Bonner, Tracy L Kline, Erin N Cox, Margaret W Gichane, Wendee M Wechsberg","doi":"10.1080/17450128.2022.2089794","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17450128.2022.2089794","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous research shows that educational attainment is a protective factor for substance use and sexual risk among adolescents and young adults. Evidence also shows that this relationship may differ by race/ethnicity and gender. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between educational attainment, substance use and sexual risk among African American women in emerging adulthood. This study uses cross-sectional data from 646 African American women (aged 18 to 25) enrolled in a randomized trial of a behavioral HIV risk-reduction intervention. At enrollment, participants completed a risk behavior assessment via audio-computer assisted self-interview and provided a urine sample for drug screening. Bivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine substance use and sexual risk factors associated with educational attainment: completing some college or more vs. completing high school or less). Participants who completed some college or more (52%) were more likely to report heavy alcohol use (four or more drinks in one day) in the past 30 days (OR=1.48; <i>p</i>=0.014) and more likely to report alcohol or other drug use just before or during last sex (OR=1.43; <i>p</i>=0.026) compared with participants who completed high school or less. Completing some college or more was protective for having a positive urine screen for cocaine (OR=0.43; <i>p</i>=0.018) and reporting condomless sex at last sex (OR=0.71; <i>p</i>=0.041). Differences in positive marijuana screens, reporting a previous STI, or reporting their partner used alcohol or other drugs at last sex were not statistically significant. The findings reveal notable differences in the magnitude and direction of associations between educational attainment and substance use and sexual risk. Although educational attainment is subject to change because of the frequent pursuit of education during emerging adulthood, the findings may have important implications for tailoring HIV risk-reduction interventions to key populations, such as African American women.</p>","PeriodicalId":46101,"journal":{"name":"Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"149-155"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10704931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46177130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}