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Equal tax and equal compensation: A fair and efficient way to save climate 同税同酬：拯救气候的公平高效之道
IF 0.6
Research in Economics Pub Date : 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.rie.2024.100965
Jim Y. Jin , Shinji Kobayashi
{"title":"Equal tax and equal compensation: A fair and efficient way to save climate","authors":"Jim Y. Jin ,&nbsp;Shinji Kobayashi","doi":"10.1016/j.rie.2024.100965","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rie.2024.100965","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We show that “equal tax and equal compensation” (T&amp;C) is fair as justified by the two fairness principles. It differs from any Pigouvian tax with fixed lump-sum payments and can motivate every country to maximize world welfare. It benefits countries with current per capita emissions lower than the world average and would benefit every country when compared with a fair benchmark where emissions are duly penalized and compensated. Subsidizing emission reduction by poll tax is Pareto efficient and Pareto improving over status quo, but unfair. An imperfect T&amp;C with a sub-optimal tax or pyramid taxes can still benefit the world.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46094,"journal":{"name":"Research in Economics","volume":"78 3","pages":"Article 100965"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1090944324000292/pdfft?md5=dbc74a8ecef859bb634dfb49a5e6a2de&pid=1-s2.0-S1090944324000292-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141130201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Assessing external validity in practice 在实践中评估外部有效性
IF 0.6
Research in Economics Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.rie.2024.100964
Sebastian Galiani , Brian Quistorff
{"title":"Assessing external validity in practice","authors":"Sebastian Galiani ,&nbsp;Brian Quistorff","doi":"10.1016/j.rie.2024.100964","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rie.2024.100964","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We review, from a practical standpoint, the evolving literature on assessing external validity (EV) of estimated treatment effects. We review existing EV measures, and focus on methods that permit multiple datasets (Hotz et al., 2005). We outline criteria for practical usage, evaluate the existing approaches, and identify a gap in potential methods. Our practical considerations motivate a novel method utilizing the Group Lasso (Yuan and Lin, 2006) to estimate a tractable regression-based model of the conditional average treatment effect (CATE). This approach can perform better when settings have differing covariate distributions and allows for easily extrapolating the average treatment effect to new settings. We apply these measures to a set of identical field experiments upgrading slum dwellings in three different countries (Galiani et al., 2017).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46094,"journal":{"name":"Research in Economics","volume":"78 3","pages":"Article 100964"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141134476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Choice by elimination then selection 先淘汰后选择
IF 0.6
Research in Economics Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.rie.2024.100966
Keshav Sureka , Debabrata Pal
{"title":"Choice by elimination then selection","authors":"Keshav Sureka ,&nbsp;Debabrata Pal","doi":"10.1016/j.rie.2024.100966","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rie.2024.100966","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper analyzes a decision-making process known as Choice by Elimination then Selection (ES), in which an individual narrows down available alternatives based on a preference order called the elimination relation and then selects the best element from the remaining alternative(s) based on a different preference order called the selection relation. The elimination and selection criteria need not rank alternatives in the same order. ES can be seen as a response to information overload, where shortlisting alternatives can facilitate more informed and beneficial choices. It can also be seen as a method to make a choice when moral or personal values are in the way of utility maximization. The paper uses an axiomatic approach to fully characterize the choices based on the ES method, showing that ES choices may not satisfy the Weak Axiom of Revealed Preference (WARP) and, thus, are not rationalizable under the standard classical framework. Four axioms are introduced to fully characterize the choice correspondence based on ES. The paper also discusses the uniqueness of the elimination and selection ordering relations. The ES method belongs to the class of models that analyze boundedly rational choice behavior, such as choice with frames, limited attention models, list rationalizable models, categorize then choose, and status quo bias.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46094,"journal":{"name":"Research in Economics","volume":"78 3","pages":"Article 100966"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141047840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Is local competition effective in improving quality and efficiency of hospitals? Insights from an asymmetric spatial competition model 地方竞争能否有效提高医院的质量和效率？非对称空间竞争模型的启示
IF 0.6
Research in Economics Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.rie.2024.100962
Calogero Guccio , Domenico Lisi , Marco Ferdinando Martorana , Giacomo Pignataro
{"title":"Is local competition effective in improving quality and efficiency of hospitals? Insights from an asymmetric spatial competition model","authors":"Calogero Guccio ,&nbsp;Domenico Lisi ,&nbsp;Marco Ferdinando Martorana ,&nbsp;Giacomo Pignataro","doi":"10.1016/j.rie.2024.100962","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rie.2024.100962","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A critical aspect of healthcare reforms in various countries revolves around the relationship between efficiency, quality, and competition. Exploring the spatial dimension of competition is essential to understand this connection thoroughly. In this study, we develop a theoretical model that examines hospitals' choices regarding quality and cost-containment efforts across different competitive environments characterized by varying spatial distributions of hospitals. We derive and fully characterize hospitals' reaction functions and Nash equilibria concerning quality and cost-containment efforts. Our findings reveal that while localized competition tends to reduce hospitals' efforts in cost containment, its impact on treatment quality can vary. This variation depends on factors such as the cost of delivering quality care, its benefits to patients, and hospitals' objectives, including their level of altruism. Our findings contribute to the ongoing debate on the role of local competition in healthcare. They offer insights into the conditions that could yield divergent outcomes, often advocated by conflicting perspectives. These conditions serve as a foundation for refining competition policy models in healthcare.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46094,"journal":{"name":"Research in Economics","volume":"78 3","pages":"Article 100962"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1090944324000267/pdfft?md5=1d28f5b3a17b1d0dbec1d755118bcce4&pid=1-s2.0-S1090944324000267-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141049621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impact of economic policy uncertainty on global carbon emissions 经济政策不确定性对全球碳排放的影响
IF 0.6
Research in Economics Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.rie.2024.100961
Saqib Farid, Quratulain Zafar
{"title":"Impact of economic policy uncertainty on global carbon emissions","authors":"Saqib Farid,&nbsp;Quratulain Zafar","doi":"10.1016/j.rie.2024.100961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rie.2024.100961","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The article aims to examine the potential effect of Economic Policy Uncertainty (EPU) on the mean and variance of carbon (CO2) emissions by employing a novel nonparametric causality-in-quantiles and quantile-on-quantile on the dataset comprising of 17 economies to test our hypothesis. The results of causality-in-quantiles find that EPU offers a significant yet mixed ability to impact the carbon emissions of most economies. These mixed patterns of impact pertain not only to mean and variance but also across regions. The results of quantile-on-quantile reveal that high EPU leads to an augmented level of carbon emissions. This causality may indicate that macroeconomic and institutional factors influence the carbon emission for all analyzed countries. These findings are particularly useful for practitioners, policymakers, academic researchers, and traders in the carbon market as they could promote the realization of carbon reductions targets by maintaining stable economic policies that have tangible ramifications for carbon emissions behavior.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46094,"journal":{"name":"Research in Economics","volume":"78 2","pages":"Article 100961"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140950961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of ageing on housing prices: A perspective from an overlapping generation model 老龄化对房价的影响：从世代重叠模型的角度看问题
IF 0.6
Research in Economics Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.rie.2024.100960
Tianyu Sun , Satish Chand , Keiran Sharpe
{"title":"Effect of ageing on housing prices: A perspective from an overlapping generation model","authors":"Tianyu Sun ,&nbsp;Satish Chand ,&nbsp;Keiran Sharpe","doi":"10.1016/j.rie.2024.100960","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rie.2024.100960","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper suggests that ageing has divergent effects on housing prices, and the divergence sources from both aspects of ageing and housing. For the ageing, a fall in fertility and a rise in survival rate could have opposite effects on housing prices. For the housing, the prices of the two components – land and structure – respond to fertility rate decline and survival rate increase to different extent. Therefore, the effect of ageing on housing prices does not have a definite pattern in the long run. In the short run, the results suggest that ageing can produce a turning point in the price dynamics. To the left of the peak, ageing boosts prices while to the right, it has the opposite effect, therefore the impacts of ageing on housing prices are different with time.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46094,"journal":{"name":"Research in Economics","volume":"78 3","pages":"Article 100960"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140762755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Strategic trade policy in general oligopolistic equilibrium: The case of import tariffs 一般寡头垄断均衡中的战略性贸易政策：进口关税案例
IF 0.6
Research in Economics Pub Date : 2024-04-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.rie.2024.100959
Rudy Colacicco
{"title":"Strategic trade policy in general oligopolistic equilibrium: The case of import tariffs","authors":"Rudy Colacicco","doi":"10.1016/j.rie.2024.100959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rie.2024.100959","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In a two-country model of general oligopolistic equilibrium with technologically heterogeneous sectors, I study how, in a home-market scenario, a unilateral rise in uniform cross-sector import tariffs affects wages, countrywide profits, and welfare. Firms face resource constraints and wages are simultaneously determined. Economy-wide protectionism reduces the foreign wage without affecting the domestic one. Domestic countrywide profits benefit from a small rise in uniform tariffs, whereas the foreign counterpart is damaged. Domestic welfare is unambiguously hindered. Hence, the general-equilibrium cross-sector perspective goes against the textbook version theory of the optimal tariff in partial equilibrium. Rationalization of these effects suggests a political-economy view on tariff formation in general equilibrium. Then I extend the model to segmented markets, considering uniform specific and ad valorem tariffs for bilateral and unilateral trade policies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46094,"journal":{"name":"Research in Economics","volume":"78 2","pages":"Article 100959"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140649256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The role of asymmetric innovation’s sizes in technology licensing under partial vertical integration 部分纵向一体化下非对称创新规模在技术许可中的作用
IF 0.6
Research in Economics Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.rie.2024.100958
M. Sánchez , A. Nerja
{"title":"The role of asymmetric innovation’s sizes in technology licensing under partial vertical integration","authors":"M. Sánchez ,&nbsp;A. Nerja","doi":"10.1016/j.rie.2024.100958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rie.2024.100958","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we compare the scenarios of exclusive licenses and cross-licenses under the existence of partial vertical integration. To do this, a successive duopoly model is proposed, with two owners and two firms competing in a differentiated product market. Each technology owner has a share in one of the competing firms, so that competition is also extended to the upstream R&amp;D sector. We propose a novel analysis where differences in the size of their innovation process are allowed, extending the results in Sánchez et al. (2021). We find that the cross-licensing scenario is preferred when the size of the innovation is small; this occurs regardless of the participation in the competing companies and how many innovate. If the innovation is very large, the owners may be better off with exclusive licenses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46094,"journal":{"name":"Research in Economics","volume":"78 2","pages":"Article 100958"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140638160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Can the Phillips curve provide answers to current high inflation rates 菲利普斯曲线能否为当前的高通胀率提供答案
IF 0.6
Research in Economics Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.rie.2024.100956
Hany Guirguis , Kelly Cwik , Joseph DeMauro , Michael Suen
{"title":"Can the Phillips curve provide answers to current high inflation rates","authors":"Hany Guirguis ,&nbsp;Kelly Cwik ,&nbsp;Joseph DeMauro ,&nbsp;Michael Suen","doi":"10.1016/j.rie.2024.100956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rie.2024.100956","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Motivated by the weak response of the inflation rate to the tight labor market, the Federal Reserve (Fed) Bank stepped away from its longstanding preemptive policy to fight inflation as the economy approached full employment. This paper aims to reevaluate the relationships of four measures of inflation with the unemployment rate. We accomplish this task by allowing the Phillips curve (PC) slope to vary over time and depend on the magnitude of the unemployment gap. Assessed by both PC convex specification assessment and the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) estimation method, we confirm the convexity of the PC when the unemployment gap is negative. In addition, we show that the slope of the PC more than doubled when we allow the coefficient on the economic slack to vary over time. Thus, our study shows that PC is still a relevant tool for guiding monetary policy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46094,"journal":{"name":"Research in Economics","volume":"78 2","pages":"Article 100956"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140620713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Case preparation investments in the presence of costly judicial attention 在昂贵的司法关注下的案件准备投资
IF 0.6
Research in Economics Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.rie.2024.100957
Brishti Guha
{"title":"Case preparation investments in the presence of costly judicial attention","authors":"Brishti Guha","doi":"10.1016/j.rie.2024.100957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rie.2024.100957","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This is the first paper I am aware of to integrate litigants’ investment in pretrial case preparation with the fact that judges experience small costs to processing extra information conveyed by litigants. While a full-scale battle involving high case preparation by both parties would have obtained if litigants were confident that judges would review the extra evidence, costly judicial attention results either in an equilibrium where no one incurs case preparation expenses, or (if parties are relatively malicious, and judicial technology is efficient) in just one litigant, but not both, incurring such expenses. The latter possibility can create incentives for a signaling race. While costly judicial attention lowers case preparation expenses and generally makes litigants better off relative to the full attention case, it can also lead to fewer cases being immediately settled.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46094,"journal":{"name":"Research in Economics","volume":"78 2","pages":"Article 100957"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140649255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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