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How the Islamic State Rivalry Pushes the Taliban to Extremes 伊斯兰国的竞争如何将塔利班推向极端
IF 0.5 4区 社会学
Middle East Policy Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.1111/mepo.12714
Raj Verma, Shahid Ali
{"title":"How the Islamic State Rivalry Pushes the Taliban to Extremes","authors":"Raj Verma,&nbsp;Shahid Ali","doi":"10.1111/mepo.12714","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mepo.12714","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Before establishing the second Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan in August 2021, the Taliban promised they would not revert to the repressive policies and stringent interpretations of Islam they had imposed during their previous regime. However, since the US withdrawal—and despite financial incentives from the West and diplomatic pleadings within the region—the Taliban have reneged on this vow. Why have the Taliban not moderated? This article argues that their rivalry with Islamic State-Khorasan (IS-K) is the central cause. The Taliban are concerned that compromise on fundamentalism will lead their hard-line factions to break ranks and join IS-K, enhancing its reputation and allowing it to recruit more foreign fighters. This could lead to increased violence and socioeconomic and political instability in Afghanistan, undermine the legitimacy of the Taliban, and spark the collapse of the regime.</p>","PeriodicalId":46060,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135093090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Muslim Brotherhood Memoirs: Prison as a Link among Hostile Groups 穆斯林兄弟会回忆录：监狱是敌对团体之间的纽带
IF 0.5 4区 社会学
Middle East Policy Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1111/mepo.12713
Liad Porat
{"title":"Muslim Brotherhood Memoirs: Prison as a Link among Hostile Groups","authors":"Liad Porat","doi":"10.1111/mepo.12713","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mepo.12713","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In Egypt's 2012 elections, the Muslim Brotherhood came to power after many years of repression, an unprecedented victory for the country's most active opposition movement. The Brotherhood's journey can be divided into several stages. One of the most important, which has not received enough attention, is the imprisonment of many of its major figures. Long before the coup that overthrew President Mohamed Morsi in 2013, the Arab nationalist President Gamal Abdel Nasser brutally put down the movement with mass arrests. The Brotherhood's members dominated Egypt's prisons, but they were far from the only activists in the system, which also held communists, Zionists, and other Jewish prisoners. This article uses the memoirs of the incarcerated enemies of the state to examine the struggles of these groups inside Egypt's prisons and show how the institutions served as platforms to promote the ideological struggle against the regime.</p>","PeriodicalId":46060,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135271634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Fertility Revolution of the Arab Countries Following the Arab Spring 阿拉伯之春后阿拉伯国家的生育率革命
IF 0.5 4区 社会学
Middle East Policy Pub Date : 2023-10-29 DOI: 10.1111/mepo.12712
Onn Winckler
{"title":"The Fertility Revolution of the Arab Countries Following the Arab Spring","authors":"Onn Winckler","doi":"10.1111/mepo.12712","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mepo.12712","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While the Arab Spring was primarily a revolution of young civilians against the old regimes, its influence on fertility patterns and natalist policies has not received sufficient attention. The first part of this article examines fertility in Arab countries on the eve of the uprisings, and the second looks into the patterns from the decade following the onset of the protests through the outbreak of Covid-19. The third part analyzes the impact of the Arab Spring on the states’ natalist policies, and the final section deals with the socioeconomic challenges imposed by the current demographic structures of these countries. The conclusion is that during the 2010s, the non-oil Arab countries went through two fertility revolutions, with an increase in the first few years and a substantial decrease after. Will the Arab states achieve the targeted replacement-level fertility rate, as was the case in many developing countries around the world over the past generation, including many non-Arab Islamic countries? And what are the socioeconomic and political consequences of this fertility revolution in the Arab countries?</p>","PeriodicalId":46060,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/mepo.12712","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136134734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Saudi-UAE Divide over the Yemen Quagmire 沙特与阿联酋在也门泥潭问题上的分歧
IF 0.5 4区 社会学
Middle East Policy Pub Date : 2023-10-29 DOI: 10.1111/mepo.12711
Selim Öztürk
{"title":"The Saudi-UAE Divide over the Yemen Quagmire","authors":"Selim Öztürk","doi":"10.1111/mepo.12711","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mepo.12711","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The expansion of Iranian influence through the Houthi rebels in Yemen alarmed Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, leading them to intervene in the civil war. However, this only prolonged the conflict, in part because the two Gulf neighbors failed to coordinate—indeed, they often followed divergent policies. One reason for this was ideological, as the Saudis favored Yemen's al-Islah party, an offshoot of the Islamist Muslim Brotherhood movement. The Emiratis rejected this group and opposed Saudi-backed President Abdu Rabbu Mansour Hadi due to his links to it. The other area of dispute was the UAE's support for secessionists seeking an independent South Yemen, largely driven by Emirati economic interests. Saudi Arabia strongly resisted separation and prioritized the fight against the Houthis. The article analyzes the many facets of the divide over Yemen and shows how the rift is affecting other parts of the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":46060,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136135227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Searching for Peace: A Memoir of Israel By Ehud Olmert. Brookings Institution Press, 2022. 352 pages. $27.99, hardcover. 《寻求和平：以色列回忆录》，埃胡德·奥尔默特著。布鲁金斯学会出版社，2022年。352页$27.99，精装本。
IF 0.5 4区 社会学
Middle East Policy Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1111/mepo.12710
Jerome Slater
{"title":"Searching for Peace: A Memoir of Israel By Ehud Olmert. Brookings Institution Press, 2022. 352 pages. $27.99, hardcover.","authors":"Jerome Slater","doi":"10.1111/mepo.12710","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mepo.12710","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46060,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47338010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From Silicon Valley to the Levant: Innovation in the Eastern Mediterranean 从硅谷到黎凡特:地中海东部的创新
IF 0.5 4区 社会学
Middle East Policy Pub Date : 2023-08-21 DOI: 10.1111/mepo.12708
Ioannis N. Grigoriadis, Olgu Dervişler
{"title":"From Silicon Valley to the Levant: Innovation in the Eastern Mediterranean","authors":"Ioannis N. Grigoriadis,&nbsp;Olgu Dervişler","doi":"10.1111/mepo.12708","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mepo.12708","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Market economies in the eastern Mediterranean are not counted among ideal-typical innovators. But this picture may be changing. This article explores the emerging innovation systems in the eastern Mediterranean by examining recent data and the literatures on varieties of capitalism and innovation systems. Through the cases of Cyprus, Israel, and Turkey, the study argues that the varieties of capitalism framework, by focusing on performance at the macro level, disregards the subnational performance of these outlier markets, which have promising regional or local innovation systems. Fostering cooperation among these emerging innovation systems could become a valuable instrument for overcoming deeply rooted conflicts in the eastern Mediterranean, which has turned into a “crisis zone” due to recent energy discoveries.</p>","PeriodicalId":46060,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45787587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The War in Ukraine: Risks and Opportunities For the ‘Post-Soviet South’ 乌克兰战争:“后苏联南方”的风险与机遇
IF 0.5 4区 社会学
Middle East Policy Pub Date : 2023-08-21 DOI: 10.1111/mepo.12709
Emil A. Souleimanov, Yury Fedorov
{"title":"The War in Ukraine: Risks and Opportunities For the ‘Post-Soviet South’","authors":"Emil A. Souleimanov,&nbsp;Yury Fedorov","doi":"10.1111/mepo.12709","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mepo.12709","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The invasion of Ukraine sent shock waves through the South Caucasus and Central Asia, subjecting the eight countries of the post-Soviet area to economic, political, and social challenges. Refusing to support Russia in circumventing sanctions or taking a stand against the invasion could expose these countries to retaliatory measures. But aligning with Moscow could lead to international isolation and the imposition of secondary sanctions. This article explores the ways these countries are navigating the new geopolitics, with Azerbaijan gaining but Armenia seeking new allies. It then examines the economic benefits to these countries of Russia's desperation, though this leaves them vulnerable to US and European penalties. It concludes with an analysis of how these states are dealing with the tensions caused by migration out of Russia. In all of these areas, the post-Soviet South must weigh the risks of aligning with the weakening great power or the West.</p>","PeriodicalId":46060,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/mepo.12709","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48505074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The British and the Turks: A History of Animosity, 1893–1923 , Justin McCarthy. Edinburgh University Press, 2022. 672 pages. $120, hardcover. 《英国人和土耳其人:一段仇恨的历史，1893 - 1923》，贾斯汀·麦卡锡。爱丁堡大学出版社，2022。672页。120美元,精装书。
IF 0.5 4区 社会学
Middle East Policy Pub Date : 2023-08-12 DOI: 10.1111/mepo.12706
Jeremy Salt
{"title":"The British and the Turks: A History of Animosity, 1893–1923 , Justin McCarthy. Edinburgh University Press, 2022. 672 pages. $120, hardcover.","authors":"Jeremy Salt","doi":"10.1111/mepo.12706","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mepo.12706","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46060,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42570976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Benghazi! A New History of the Fiasco That Pushed America and Its World to the Brink , Ethan Chorin. Hachette Books, 2022. 432 pages. $30, hardcover. 班加西!《把美国及其世界推到悬崖边的惨败史》。阿歇特图书公司，2022年。432页。30美元,精装书。
IF 0.5 4区 社会学
Middle East Policy Pub Date : 2023-08-11 DOI: 10.1111/mepo.12707
Ronald Bruce St John
{"title":"Benghazi! A New History of the Fiasco That Pushed America and Its World to the Brink , Ethan Chorin. Hachette Books, 2022. 432 pages. $30, hardcover.","authors":"Ronald Bruce St John","doi":"10.1111/mepo.12707","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mepo.12707","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46060,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46869615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Torn Country: Erdoğan's Turkey And the Elections of 2023 一个被撕裂的国家：埃尔多安的土耳其与2023年的选举
IF 0.5 4区 社会学
Middle East Policy Pub Date : 2023-08-11 DOI: 10.1111/mepo.12705
M. Hakan Yavuz
{"title":"A Torn Country: Erdoğan's Turkey And the Elections of 2023","authors":"M. Hakan Yavuz","doi":"10.1111/mepo.12705","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mepo.12705","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article examines the victory of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan in Turkey's 2023 presidential election, the role of fear-oriented populist nationalism in Turkish politics, and the implications of the results for society. It argues that Turkey faces a deep moral and social crisis rather than a mere political problem. The article explores the sociocultural origins of polarization, as competing communities with few shared values contribute to divisions. It also analyzes the formation and ideologies of the People's Alliance and the Nation Alliance, the two major blocs involved in the 2023 elections, providing insights into their visions for Turkey. Last, the article scrutinizes the cult of the strongman, the widespread use of nationalism and religion, the utilization of state resources by Erdoğan's administration, and the influence of media—largely controlled by Erdoğan—on public opinion. This includes investigating the impact of alternative truths and narratives on the electoral process. The analysis highlights the deep-rooted moral bankruptcy Turkey faces in the third decade of Erdoğan's rule.</p>","PeriodicalId":46060,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42095735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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