European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context最新文献_第4页

Psychological treatment and therapeutic change in incarcerated rapists 监禁强奸犯的心理治疗和治疗改变

IF 9.5 1区社会学

European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpal.2016.11.001

Ana Martínez-Catena, Santiago Redondo

{"title":"Psychological treatment and therapeutic change in incarcerated rapists","authors":"Ana Martínez-Catena, Santiago Redondo","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpal.2016.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejpal.2016.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Most Spanish prisons provide specialised treatment for incarcerated sex offenders, both rapists and child molesters. This treatment is a cognitive-behavioural intervention that has shown relative effectiveness in previous research. With regard to offenders’ rehabilitation, recidivism assessments are necessary as a final measure of treatment effectiveness. However, the evaluation of recidivism by itself does not provide sufficient information on the treatment process and the specific effects that treated subjects could undergo. This paper aims to analyse the therapeutic effectiveness of psychological treatment provided to rapists (in general, males sentenced for committing a sexual offence against women). To this aim, a group of treated rapists (<em>N</em>  <!-->153) serving a sentence in prison was analysed. Using a specially designed scale (PASSO), the global therapeutic change and ten specific variables (including assertiveness, readiness to change, cognitive distortions, impulsivity, etc.) were assessed. The within-subjects comparison showed that treated sex offenders improved, in therapeutic terms, globally as well as in most of the specific variables assessed (improvements not experimented by the control group). Also, different therapeutic subscales showed relevant associations between them. The findings regarding treatment effectiveness are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context","volume":"9 1","pages":"Pages 41-49"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ejpal.2016.11.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54254684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Predicting risk of violence through a self-appraisal questionnaire 通过自我评估问卷预测暴力风险

IF 9.5 1区社会学

European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context Pub Date : 2016-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpal.2016.03.001

José Manuel Andreu-Rodríguez , María Elena Peña-Fernández , Wagdy Loza

引用次数: 16

Testosterone and attention deficits as possible mechanisms underlying impaired emotion recognition in intimate partner violence perpetrators 睾丸激素和注意力缺陷可能是亲密伴侣暴力施暴者情绪识别受损的潜在机制

IF 9.5 1区社会学

European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context Pub Date : 2016-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpal.2016.01.001

Ángel Romero-Martínez, Marisol Lila, Luis Moya-Albiol

{"title":"Testosterone and attention deficits as possible mechanisms underlying impaired emotion recognition in intimate partner violence perpetrators","authors":"Ángel Romero-Martínez, Marisol Lila, Luis Moya-Albiol","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpal.2016.01.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpal.2016.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Several studies have reported impairments in decoding emotional facial expressions in intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrators. However, the mechanisms that underlie these impaired skills are not well known. Given this gap in the literature, we aimed to establish whether IPV perpetrators (<em>n</em>  =20), and also to examine the moderating role of the group and hormonal parameters in the relationship between attention skills and the emotion decoding process. Our results demonstrated that IPV perpetrators showed poorer emotion recognition and higher attention switching costs than controls. Nonetheless, they did not differ in attention to detail and hormonal parameters. Finally, the slope predicting emotion recognition from deficits in attention switching became steeper as T levels increased, especially in IPV perpetrators, although the basal C and T/C ratios were unrelated to emotion recognition and attention deficits for both groups. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying emotion recognition deficits. These factors therefore constitute the target for future interventions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context","volume":"8 2","pages":"Pages 57-62"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ejpal.2016.01.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71765602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Using the Scharff-technique to elicit information: How to effectively establish the “illusion of knowing it all”? 使用沙夫技术引出信息:如何有效地建立“无所不知的错觉”?

IF 9.5 1区社会学

European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context Pub Date : 2016-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpal.2016.02.001

Lennart May , Pär Anders Granhag

{"title":"Using the Scharff-technique to elicit information: How to effectively establish the “illusion of knowing it all”?","authors":"Lennart May , Pär Anders Granhag","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpal.2016.02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpal.2016.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Scharff-technique is used for eliciting information from human sources. At the very core of the technique is the “illusion of knowing it all” tactic, which aims to inflate a source's perception of how much knowledge an interviewer holds about the event to be discussed. For the current study, we mapped the effects following two different ways of introducing this particular tactic; a traditional way of implementation where the interviewer explicitly states that s/he already knows most of the important information (the <em>traditional condition</em>), and a new way of implementation where the interviewer just starts to present the information that s/he holds (the <em>just start condition</em>). The two versions were compared in two separate experiments. In Experiment 1 (<em>N</em>  =60), the participants’ perceptions of the interviewer's knowledge gaps. We found that participants in the just start condition (a) believed the interviewer had more knowledge (Experiment 1), and (b) searched less actively for gaps in the interviewer's knowledge (Experiment 2), compared to the traditional condition. We will discuss the current findings and how sources test and perceive the knowledge his or her interviewer possesses within a framework of social hypothesis testing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context","volume":"8 2","pages":"Pages 79-85"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ejpal.2016.02.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71765600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Child-to-parent violence: The role of exposure to violence and its relationship to social-cognitive processing 亲子暴力:暴力暴露的作用及其与社会认知加工的关系

IF 9.5 1区社会学

European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context Pub Date : 2016-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpal.2016.03.003

Lourdes Contreras, María del Carmen Cano

{"title":"Child-to-parent violence: The role of exposure to violence and its relationship to social-cognitive processing","authors":"Lourdes Contreras, María del Carmen Cano","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpal.2016.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejpal.2016.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Research suggests that child-to-parent violence (CPV) is related to a previous history of violence within the family setting. The current study was aimed to explore the exposure to violence in different settings (school, community, home, and TV) and its relationship to some variables of the social-cognitive processing (hostile social perception, impulsivity, ability to anticipate the consequences of social behaviors and to select the appropriate means to achieve the goals of social behaviors) in a group of juveniles who assaulted their parents. It is also examined how they differ from other young offenders and non-offender adolescents. The sample included 90 adolescents from Jaén (Spain). Thirty of them were juveniles who had been reported by their parents for being violent towards them and 30 were juveniles who had committed other types of offences. The third group was made up of 30 adolescents without any criminal charge. Adolescents answered measures of exposure to violence, perception of criticism/rejection from parents, hostile social perception, and social problem- solving skills. Results revealed that juveniles who abused their parents reported higher levels of exposure to violence at home when comparing to the other groups. In addition, exposure to violence at home was significantly correlated to the hostile social perception of adolescents in CPV cases. Implications for prevention and treatment are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context","volume":"8 2","pages":"Pages 43-50"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ejpal.2016.03.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54254592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 94

Unpacking insanity defence standards: An experimental study of rationality and control tests in criminal law 拆解精神错乱辩护标准:刑法合理性与控制性检验的实验研究

IF 9.5 1区社会学

European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context Pub Date : 2016-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpal.2016.02.004

Rebecca K. Helm, Stephen J. Ceci, Kayla A. Burd

{"title":"Unpacking insanity defence standards: An experimental study of rationality and control tests in criminal law","authors":"Rebecca K. Helm, Stephen J. Ceci, Kayla A. Burd","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpal.2016.02.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpal.2016.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present study investigated the impact of different legal standards on mock juror decisions concerning whether a defendant was guilty or not guilty by reason of insanity. Undergraduate students (<em>N</em>  <!-->477) read a simulated case summary involving a murder case and were asked to make an insanity determination. The cases differed in terms of the condition of the defendant (rationality deficit or control deficit) and the legal standard given to the jurors to make the determination (Model Penal Code, McNaughten or McNaughten plus a separate control determination). The effects of these variables on the insanity determination were investigated. Jurors also completed questionnaires measuring individualism and hierarchy attitudes and perceptions of facts in the case. Results indicate that under current insanity standards jurors do not distinguish between defendants with rationality deficits and defendants with control deficits regardless of whether the legal standard requires them to do so. Even defendants who lacked control were found guilty at equal rates under a legal standard excusing rationality deficits only and a legal standard excluding control and rationality deficits. This was improved by adding a control test as a partial defence, to be determined after a rationality determination. Implications for the insanity defence in the Criminal Justice System are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context","volume":"8 2","pages":"Pages 63-68"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ejpal.2016.02.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71765601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Validity and reliability of the Cyber-aggression Questionnaire for Adolescents (CYBA) 青少年网络攻击问卷(CYBA)的效度和信度

IF 9.5 1区社会学

European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context Pub Date : 2016-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpal.2016.02.003

David Álvarez-García, Alejandra Barreiro-Collazo, José Carlos Núñez, Alejandra Dobarro

{"title":"Validity and reliability of the Cyber-aggression Questionnaire for Adolescents (CYBA)","authors":"David Álvarez-García, Alejandra Barreiro-Collazo, José Carlos Núñez, Alejandra Dobarro","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpal.2016.02.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpal.2016.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cybercrime is a growing and worrisome problem, particularly when it involves minors. Cyber-aggression among adolescents in particular can result in negative legal and psychological consequences for people involved. Therefore, it is important to have instruments to detect these incidents early and understand the problem to propose effective measures for prevention and treatment. This paper aims to design a new self-report, the Cyber-Aggression Questionnaire for Adolescents (CYBA), to evaluate the extent to which the respondent conducts aggressions through a mobile phone or the internet and analyse the factorial and criterion validity and reliability of their scores in a sample of adolescents from Asturias, Spain. The CYBA was administered to 3,148 youth aged between 12 and 18 years old along with three self-reports to measure aggression at school, impulsivity, and empathy. Regarding factorial validity, the model that best represents the structure of the CYBA consists of three factors (Impersonation, Visual-sexual Cyber-aggression, and Verbal Cyber-aggression and Exclusion) and four additional indicators of Visual Cyber-aggression–Teasing/Happy Slapping. Regarding criterion validity, the score on the CYBA correlates positively with aggression at school and impulsivity and negatively with empathy. That is the way cyber-aggression correlates with these three variables, according to previous empirical evidence. The reliability of the scores on each item and factor of the CYBA are adequate. Therefore, the CYBA offers a valid and reliable measure of cyber-aggression in adolescents.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context","volume":"8 2","pages":"Pages 69-77"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ejpal.2016.02.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71856065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Myths and legends: The reality of rape offences reported to a UK police force 神话和传说:向英国警方报告的强奸犯罪的现实

IF 9.5 1区社会学

European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpal.2015.04.001

Genevieve F. Waterhouse , Ali Reynolds , Vincent Egan

{"title":"Myths and legends: The reality of rape offences reported to a UK police force","authors":"Genevieve F. Waterhouse , Ali Reynolds , Vincent Egan","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpal.2015.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejpal.2015.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rape myths affect many aspects of the investigative and criminal justice systems. One such myth, the ‘real rape’ myth, states that most rapes involve a stranger using a weapon attacking a woman violently at night in an isolated, outdoor area, and that women sustain serious injuries from these attacks. The present study examined how often actual offences reported to a central UK police force over a two year period matched the ‘real rape’ myth. Out of 400 cases of rape reported, not a single incident was found with all the characteristics of the ‘real rape’ myth. The few stranger rapes that occurred had a strong link to night-time economy activities, such as the victim and offender both having visited pubs, bars, and clubs. By contrast, the majority of reported rape offences (280 cases, 70.7%) were committed by people known to the victim (e.g., domestic and acquaintance rapes), occurred inside a residence, with most victims sustaining no physical injuries from the attack. The benefits of these naturalistic findings from the field for educating people about the inaccuracy of rape myths are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context","volume":"8 1","pages":"Pages 1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ejpal.2015.04.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54254091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 62

Empathy in the field: Towards a taxonomy of empathic communication in information gathering interviews with suspected sex offenders 移情在现场:对涉嫌性犯罪者的信息收集访谈中的移情沟通的分类

IF 9.5 1区社会学

European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpal.2015.10.001

Coral June Dando , Gavin Eric Oxburgh

引用次数: 23

Generalists versus specialists: Toward a typology of batterers in prison 通才vs专才:监狱中殴打者的类型学

IF 9.5 1区社会学

European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpal.2015.09.002

Juan Herrero, Andrea Torres, Asunción Fernández-Suárez, Francisco J. Rodríguez-Díaz

{"title":"Generalists versus specialists: Toward a typology of batterers in prison","authors":"Juan Herrero, Andrea Torres, Asunción Fernández-Suárez, Francisco J. Rodríguez-Díaz","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpal.2015.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejpal.2015.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study we apply the versatile/specialist offender debate to the research of intimate partner violence. We propose the existence of two types of imprisoned male batterers: the generalist and the specialist batterer. The individual, family, and community characteristics of these types of batterers are further explored in 110 imprisoned males in the Penitentiary of Villabona (Spain). As for the individual characteristics, results indicate that the generalist batterer present higher levels of psychopathology (specially antisocial and borderline personality), sexist attitudes, and substance dependence. Specialist batterers presented higher levels of conflict in their family of origin. Finally, generalist batterers reported coming from more socially disordered communities and showed lower levels of participation and integration in these communities than the specialist batterer. These results suggest that the classical distinctions among batterers based on psychopathology and context of violence (whether general or family only) might be of little utility when applied to imprisoned male batterers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context","volume":"8 1","pages":"Pages 19-26"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ejpal.2015.09.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54254299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 46