European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context最新文献_第5页

Lineup identification accuracy: The effects of alcohol, target presence, confidence ratings, and response time 阵容识别准确性:酒精、目标存在、信心等级和反应时间的影响

IF 9.5 1区社会学

European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpal.2015.09.001

Wendy Kneller , Alistair J. Harvey

{"title":"Lineup identification accuracy: The effects of alcohol, target presence, confidence ratings, and response time","authors":"Wendy Kneller , Alistair J. Harvey","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpal.2015.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejpal.2015.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Despite the intoxication of many eyewitnesses at crime scenes, only four published studies to date have investigated the effects of alcohol intoxication on eyewitness identification performance. While one found intoxication significantly increased false identification rates from target absent showups, three found no such effect using the more traditional lineup procedure. The present study sought to further explore the effects of alcohol intoxication on identification performance and examine whether accurate decisions from intoxicated witnesses could be postdicted by confidence and response times. One hundred and twenty participants engaged in a study examining the effects of intoxication (control, placebo, and mild intoxication) and target presence on identification performance. Participants viewed a simultaneous lineup one week after watching a mock crime video of a man attempting to steal cars. Ethanol intoxication (0.6 ml/kg) was found to make no significant difference to identification accuracy and such identifications from intoxicated individuals were made no less confidently or slowly than those from sober witnesses. These results are discussed with respect to the previous research examining intoxicated witness identification accuracy and the misconceptions the criminal justice system holds about the accuracy of such witnesses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context","volume":"8 1","pages":"Pages 11-18"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ejpal.2015.09.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54254220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

Women's disengagement from legal proceedings for intimate partner violence: Sociodemographic and psychological variables 妇女脱离亲密伴侣暴力的法律诉讼:社会人口和心理变量

IF 9.5 1区社会学

European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpal.2015.10.002

María Jesús Cala, María Eva Trigo, Francisco J. Saavedra

引用次数: 25

The Spanish version of the Criminal Sentiment Scale Modified (CSS-M): Factor structure, reliability, and validity 西班牙版犯罪情绪量表修正(CSS-M):因子结构、信度与效度

IF 9.5 1区社会学

European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context Pub Date : 2015-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpal.2015.03.001

Víctor Company Martínez , Antonio Andrés-Pueyo

{"title":"The Spanish version of the Criminal Sentiment Scale Modified (CSS-M): Factor structure, reliability, and validity","authors":"Víctor Company Martínez , Antonio Andrés-Pueyo","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpal.2015.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejpal.2015.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The purpose of this study was to translate and validate the Criminal Sentiment Scale Modified (CSS-M), which measures the criminal attitudes into Spanish. Despite the large body of research proving their importance as one of the best predictors of criminal conduct, only a few measures have been psychometrically developed and validated, and none of them are available in the Spanish language. A sample of 153 male inmates from Penitentiary Brians I of the Catalan Prison Service (Spain) participated voluntarily in the study (73.9% of Spanish nationality, mean age=37.3) completed the final version of the Spanish adaptation. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted with all the scales simultaneously, showing that the underlying structure of the CSS-M was best explained by a two-factor solution: Sentiments toward the establishment and Criminality self-benefits. Moreover, a set of analyses of variance (ANOVA) was also performed, validating the scale well. According to the results of the study, it was concluded that the Spanish version of the CSS-M has satisfactory psychometric properties, enabling its potential usefulness within the legal field of Spanish-speaking countries as a key element in crime prevention.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 67-72"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ejpal.2015.03.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54253980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Peer-group mediation in the relationship between family and juvenile antisocial behavior 家庭与青少年反社会行为关系中的同伴群体中介作用

IF 9.5 1区社会学

European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context Pub Date : 2015-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpal.2014.11.005

Olalla Cutrín, José Antonio Gómez-Fraguela, María Ángeles Luengo

引用次数: 40

How good are future lawyers in judging the accuracy of reminiscent details? The estimation-observation gap in real eyewitness accounts 未来的律师在判断回忆细节的准确性方面有多好?真实目击者描述中的估计-观察差距

IF 9.5 1区社会学

European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context Pub Date : 2015-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpal.2015.03.002

Aileen Oeberst

{"title":"How good are future lawyers in judging the accuracy of reminiscent details? The estimation-observation gap in real eyewitness accounts","authors":"Aileen Oeberst","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpal.2015.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejpal.2015.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Research has shown a discrepancy between estimated and actually observed accuracy of reminiscent details in eyewitness accounts. This estimation-observation gap is of particular relevance with regard to the evaluation of eyewitnesses’ accounts in the legal context. To date it has only been demonstrated in non-naturalistic settings, however. In addition, it is not known whether this gap extends to other tasks routinely employed in real-world trials, for instance person-identification tasks. In this study, law students witnessed a staged event and were asked to either recall the event and perform a person identification task or estimate the accuracy of the others’ performance. Additionally, external estimations were obtained from students who had not witnessed the event, but received a written summary instead. The estimation-observation gap was replicated for reminiscent details under naturalistic encoding conditions. This gap was more pronounced when compared to forgotten details, but not significantly so when compared to consistent details. In contrast, accuracy on the person-identification task was not consistently underestimated. The results are discussed in light of their implications for real-world trials and future research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 73-79"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ejpal.2015.03.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54254068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Predictive efficacy of violence risk assessment instruments in Latin-America 拉丁美洲暴力风险评估工具的预测功效

IF 9.5 1区社会学

European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context Pub Date : 2015-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpal.2014.11.006

Jorge Oscar Folino

引用次数: 0

Assessing neighborhood disorder: Validation of a three-factor observational scale 评估邻里障碍:三因素观察量表的验证

IF 9.5 1区社会学

European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context Pub Date : 2015-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpal.2015.05.001

Miriam Marco , Enrique Gracia , José M. Tomás , Antonio López-Quílez

{"title":"Assessing neighborhood disorder: Validation of a three-factor observational scale","authors":"Miriam Marco , Enrique Gracia , José M. Tomás , Antonio López-Quílez","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpal.2015.05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpal.2015.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study presents data on the development and preliminary validation of an observational scale assessing neighborhood disorder. Independent observations by trained raters of neighborhood disorder were conducted in 552 census block groups in the city of Valencia (Spain). Intraclass correlation coefficients assessing inter-rater reliability indicated fair to substantial levels of agreement among raters. Confirmatory factor analyses supported a final three-factor model scale measuring physical disorder, social disorder, and physical decay. Results for the internal consistency showed large composite reliability indices indicating good reliability for all neighborhood disorder factors. Evidence of criterion-related validity was found by exploring associations between neighborhood disorder factors and three neighborhood characteristics: neighborhood socioeconomic status, immigrant concentration, and residential instability. Also for criterion-related validity, Moran's I test results for spatial correlation showed that the three types of neighborhood disorder tend to cluster in space and are not randomly distributed across the city. In general, this paper provides evidence of a reliable and valid observational measure to assess neighborhood disorder.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 81-89"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ejpal.2015.05.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71732414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 37

The Spanish version of the Criminal Sentiment Scale Modified (CSS-M): factor structure, reliability, and validity 西班牙语版犯罪情绪修正量表(CSS-M):因子结构、信度与效度

IF 9.5 1区社会学

European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context Pub Date : 2015-06-30 DOI: 10.1016/J.EJPAL.2015.03.001

Antonio Andrés Pueyo

引用次数: 1

Undeutsch hypothesis and Criteria Based Content Analysis: A meta-analytic review Undeutsch假设和基于标准的内容分析:一项元分析综述

IF 9.5 1区社会学

European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpal.2014.11.002

Bárbara G. Amado , Ramón Arce , Francisca Fariña

{"title":"Undeutsch hypothesis and Criteria Based Content Analysis: A meta-analytic review","authors":"Bárbara G. Amado , Ramón Arce , Francisca Fariña","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpal.2014.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejpal.2014.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The credibility of a testimony is a crucial component of judicial decision-making. Checklists of testimony credibility criteria are extensively used by forensic psychologists to assess the credibility of a testimony, and in many countries they are admitted as valid scientific evidence in a court of law. These checklists are based on the Undeutsch hypothesis asserting that statements derived from the memory of real-life experiences differ significantly in content and quality from fabricated or fictitious accounts. Notwithstanding, there is considerable controversy regarding the degree to which these checklists comply with the legal standards for scientific evidence to be admitted in a court of law (e.g., <em>Daubert standards</em>). In several countries, these checklists are not admitted as valid evidence in court, particularly in view of the inconsistent results reported in the scientific literature. Bearing in mind these issues, a meta-analysis was designed to test the Undeutsch hypothesis using the CBCA Checklist of criteria to discern between memories of self-experienced real-life events and fabricated or fictitious accounts. As the original hypothesis was formulated for populations of children, only quantitative studies with samples of children were considered for this study. In line with the Undeutsch hypothesis, the results showed a significant positive effect size that is generalizable to the total CBCA score, δ = 0.79. Moreover, a significant positive effect size was observed in each and all of the credibility criteria. In conclusion, the results corroborated the validity of the Undeutsch hypothesis and the CBCA criteria for discriminating between the memory of real self-experienced events and false or invented accounts. The results are discussed in terms of the implications for forensic practice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context","volume":"7 1","pages":"Pages 3-12"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ejpal.2014.11.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54253504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 96

Group psychological abuse: Taxonomy and severity of its components 群体心理虐待:分类及其构成要素的严重程度

IF 9.5 1区社会学

European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpal.2014.11.001

Álvaro Rodríguez-Carballeira , Omar Saldaña , Carmen Almendros , Javier Martín-Peña , Jordi Escartín , Clara Porrúa-García

{"title":"Group psychological abuse: Taxonomy and severity of its components","authors":"Álvaro Rodríguez-Carballeira , Omar Saldaña , Carmen Almendros , Javier Martín-Peña , Jordi Escartín , Clara Porrúa-García","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpal.2014.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejpal.2014.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The purpose of this study was to delimit group psychological abuse through a psychosocial approach. An operational definition of the phenomenon and a taxonomy of group psychological abuse strategies were proposed based on a review of the scientific literature. A panel of 31 experts in the area evaluated the content of the taxonomy and judged the severity of the strategies through a Delphi study. Group psychological abuse was defined by the application of abusive strategies, their continued duration, and their ultimate aim, i.e., subjugation of the individual. The taxonomy showed adequate content validity. Experts’ judgments allowed for hierarchically organizing the strategies based on their severity, being the most severe those directed to the emotional area. Operationalizing, classifying, and organizing the strategies hierarchically contributes to a better delimitation of the phenomenon, which is useful for both the academic and applied fields.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46030,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychology Applied To Legal Context","volume":"7 1","pages":"Pages 31-39"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ejpal.2014.11.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54253475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21