Iranian Studies最新文献_第3页

Two Raji Dialects Converge with Persian: Contrasting Responses to Contact Influence 两种拉吉方言与波斯语融合:对接触影响的对比反应

IF 0.3 4区社会学

Iranian Studies Pub Date : 2023-08-18 DOI: 10.1017/irn.2023.29

Mahnaz Talebi-Dastenaei, Hamideh Poshtvan, Erik Anonby

{"title":"Two Raji Dialects Converge with Persian: Contrasting Responses to Contact Influence","authors":"Mahnaz Talebi-Dastenaei, Hamideh Poshtvan, Erik Anonby","doi":"10.1017/irn.2023.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/irn.2023.29","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Raji is a Central Plateau (Iranic) language spoken in Kashan district, in the north-west corner of Esfahan Province, Iran. Here, we investigate the nature of Persian influence on the lexicon of two closely-related Raji dialects: that of Abuzeydabad, a desert outpost at 947m above sea level, and Barzok, a well-watered farming community at 2080m in mountains nearby. As expected, our analysis shows many inherited similarities due to linguistic relationship among the three Iranic varieties; cases of difference and innovation that distinguish them; and profound impact of Persian on both Raji dialects. Nonetheless, the degree and patterning of convergence with Persian is uneven, with the dialect of Abuzeydabad showing greater wholesale borrowing from Persian, as well as evidence of structural hybridization. To account for the divergent effects of Persian influence, we review social and geographic dynamics in the language contact situation. Key factors such as population, distance from the nearby Persian-speaking city of Kashan, language identity, and the impact of media and education are equivalent. However, a stark contrast between the towns’ geographic settings defines their social networks and patterns of mobility, and in turn how speakers of each linguistic code respond to Persian influence.","PeriodicalId":46025,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Studies","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86623622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Kian Tajbakhsh, Creating Local Democracy in Iran: State Building and the Politics of Decentralization (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2022). x + 303 pp. (GBP)75. ISBN 9781009160919. Kian Tajbakhsh，《在伊朗创造地方民主:国家建设和分权政治》(剑桥，英国:剑桥大学出版社，2022)。x + 303 pp.(英镑)75。ISBN 9781009160919。

IF 0.3 4区社会学

Iranian Studies Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1017/irn.2023.50

A. Khatam

引用次数: 0

Soft Epiphanies: The Multilayered Narratives in Abbas Kiarostami's Film Close-Up (1990) 软顿悟:阿巴斯·基亚罗斯塔米电影《特写》(1990)的多层叙事

IF 0.3 4区社会学

Iranian Studies Pub Date : 2023-08-11 DOI: 10.1017/irn.2023.42

A. Devictor, Amélie Neuve-Eglise

{"title":"Soft Epiphanies: The Multilayered Narratives in Abbas Kiarostami's Film Close-Up (1990)","authors":"A. Devictor, Amélie Neuve-Eglise","doi":"10.1017/irn.2023.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/irn.2023.42","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract As part of the collective endeavor to explore the modalities and challenges of the narrative in the Persianate world, this article reconsiders Abbas Kiarostami's Close-Up (1990), a film characterized by a special cinematographic feature. While accounting for what appears to be a story of swindling and identity theft, Kiarostami keeps the viewer in a state of uncertainty about the nature of what he sees, blurring the boundaries between documentary and fiction, truth and lie, through particular narrative and cinematographic choices. Previous scholarship has focused mainly on the aesthetic implications of the staging and its effects on the viewer. The present study proposes a different type of analysis by discussing specific narrative devices from the perspective of cultural anthropology, with particular attention to the recurrence of the zāher/bāten paradigm, suggested as a cipher by Kiarostami himself early on in the film. The examination of the discursive and aesthetic mobilization of these notions brings to light a subtle game of back-and-forth between the desire to disclose deeper meanings and the will to preserve ambiguity and intimacy, allowing for “soft epiphanies” to arise.","PeriodicalId":46025,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Studies","volume":"78 1","pages":"685 - 700"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75953681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Translator as Historical Re-Narrator: The Case of the Persian Translation of Clements Markham's History of Persia 作为历史再叙述者的译者:以克莱门斯·马卡姆《波斯史》的波斯语译本为例

IF 0.3 4区社会学

Iranian Studies Pub Date : 2023-08-04 DOI: 10.1017/irn.2023.41

Somaye Delzendehrooy

引用次数: 0

Yazd and its Zoroastrians

IF 0.3 4区社会学

Iranian Studies Pub Date : 2023-07-19 DOI: 10.1017/irn.2023.44

Kiyan Foroutan

{"title":"Yazd and its Zoroastrians","authors":"Kiyan Foroutan","doi":"10.1017/irn.2023.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/irn.2023.44","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This is a review article of a three-volume book in Persian by Ali Akbar Tashakori on the social history of Yazdi Zoroastrians in medieval and modern times.1 The work goes beyond the history of the Yazdi community, encompassing the broader history of Iranian Zoroastrians. Despite certain novelties, the volumes largely rely on a conventional reconstruction of the history of Iranian Zoroastrians in the second millennium CE. The foundational elements of this reconstruction include the gradual Islamization of Iran and the subsequent “retreat” of Zoroastrians to the “marginal” regions of Yazd and Kerman, the challenging conditions faced by Zoroastrians in medieval and early modern times, the beginning of Iranian Zoroastrians’ social and intellectual “emancipation” in the nineteenth century with Parsi assistance, the community's increasing political and economic influence in the late Qajar and early Pahlavi eras, and the Pahlavis’ exceptional role in elevating the status of Zoroastrians within wider Iranian society. Tashakori's extensive reliance on these narratives offers an opportunity to not only review his own new interpretations, but also to reassess these long-standing assumptions. Additionally, the article highlights neglected primary sources pertaining to the Yazdi community.","PeriodicalId":46025,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Studies","volume":"81 1","pages":"811 - 836"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73372102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fārsīgraphy in Zoroastrian Middle Persian Manuscripts Zoroastrian Middle Persian手稿中的Fārsīgraphy

IF 0.3 4区社会学

Iranian Studies Pub Date : 2023-07-18 DOI: 10.1017/irn.2023.21

I. Šafiʿī

{"title":"Fārsīgraphy in Zoroastrian Middle Persian Manuscripts","authors":"I. Šafiʿī","doi":"10.1017/irn.2023.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/irn.2023.21","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The tradition of writing in Iran has a long history, and its continuous development has, from time to time, led to new scripts. A most notable case is that of Perso-Arabic's replacement of Pahlavi script when New Persian replaced Middle Persian, resulting in Zoroastrian priests having difficulties reading and understanding their religious texts. The process of changing scripts is well attested by the tradition of Pāzand. Although Pāzand was considered one of the first types of transliteration in Iran, this tradition was also gradually abandoned due to its reliance on Avestan script, which was and continues to be uncommon. Avestan script is now found in Zoroastrian Middle Persian (Pahlavi) manuscripts, just as Pāzand was traditionally used for earlier texts. Pāzand–i.e., transcription of Middle Persian in the Avestan alphabet–was used for some time, but was eventually abandoned for scripts in common use, i.e., Persian in Persia and Gujarati and Devanagari in India. In this paper, the aim is to identify and categorize this tradition's characteristics in Pahlavi manuscripts, drawing on manuscripts from the fifty-three volumes published by the Asia Institute of the Pahlavi University of Shiraz, as listed in the Appendix.","PeriodicalId":46025,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Studies","volume":"14 1","pages":"701 - 720"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73604613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IRN volume 56 issue 3 Cover and Front matter IRN第56卷第3期封面和封面

IF 0.3 4区社会学

Iranian Studies Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1017/irn.2023.45

N. Rahimieh, H. Borjian, Hamid Keshmirshekan, Mana Kia, N. Moruzzi, Kishwar Rizvi, Deborah Tor, Kayhan Nejad, Austin O’Malley, Editorial Board Kamran Scot Aghaei, Stephanie Cronin, A. Ferdowsi, A. Mirsepassi, Kazuo Morimoto, P. Orsatti, A. Rahnema, S. Tremayne

引用次数: 0

Writing in Turbulent Times. Introduction to the Roundtable on the 2022–23 Iranian Protests 在动荡的时代写作。关于2022-23年伊朗抗议的圆桌会议简介

IF 0.3 4区社会学

Iranian Studies Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1017/irn.2023.19

Paola Rivetti

引用次数: 0

Political Convergence, Surpluses of Activism, and Genealogy: Examining Iran's Quasi-Revolutionary Situation 政治趋同、激进主义盈余与宗谱:检视伊朗的准革命情势

IF 0.3 4区社会学

Iranian Studies Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1017/irn.2023.14

Paola Rivetti, Shirin Saeidi

{"title":"Political Convergence, Surpluses of Activism, and Genealogy: Examining Iran's Quasi-Revolutionary Situation","authors":"Paola Rivetti, Shirin Saeidi","doi":"10.1017/irn.2023.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/irn.2023.14","url":null,"abstract":"In this intervention, we discuss the ongoing protest movement and the quasi-revolutionary situation in Iran with the goal of offering contextual as well as background analysis. Our objective is to examine the current wave of revolutionary politics in the frame of a longer history, that is, the one of the “unaccomplished” 1979 revolution. We do not argue that the current movement is in continuity with the so-called Islamic revolution; rather, we ask what afterlives of the 1979 revolution and successive waves of mobilizations reverberate within the current situation. We do so from a political transformative vantage point, which we understand as inherently feminist, in that we refuse to recognize any hierarchy between the struggles, the issues, and the demands as expressed by the protesters. Indeed, we understand liberation as a collective project resulting from the intersection of struggles, demands, and issues. Following this line of reasoning, we interrogate the current moment along three thematic axes: the social composition, the prospects for political convergence, and the genealogy, or the ideational connection, of the current struggle with those of the past.","PeriodicalId":46025,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Studies","volume":"16 1","pages":"563 - 568"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81541714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Iran Protests and Patterns of State Repression 伊朗的抗议和国家镇压模式

IF 0.3 4区社会学

Iranian Studies Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1017/irn.2023.16

Maryam Alemzadeh

{"title":"Iran Protests and Patterns of State Repression","authors":"Maryam Alemzadeh","doi":"10.1017/irn.2023.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/irn.2023.16","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past four months, the brutal, extralegal, and violent repression of protestors during the Woman, Life, Freedom movement in Iran has taken observers and participants by devastating and sometimes fatal surprise. Although not a drastic departure from past practices, the large scale and seemingly random acts of violence, such as the beating of protestors to death on the streets, the shooting of passersby and nonviolent demonstrators point blank, and the fatal torturing of detained protestors and activists, have marked new levels and scales of violence. In what follows I analyze this brutal repression campaign in relation to the institutional history of the Islamic Republic's armed units, particularly the Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC) as the most controversial entity among all. I contend that the IRGC's historic endorsement of firing at will as an accepted practice among its ranks has enabled the decentralized radical instances of violence. I will discuss how, despite the continued reliance on decentralized forces, their firing at will is not unanimously endorsed this time around, due to the different nature of the current movement and the deepening uncertainties and schisms in both the forces on the ground and the ruling elite.","PeriodicalId":46025,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Studies","volume":"250 1","pages":"557 - 561"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74993171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0