Longitudinal and Life Course Studies最新文献

{"title":"The impact and influence of longitudinal studies in the UK: a reply to 'Re-considering \"impact\" for longitudinal social science research: towards more scientific approaches to theorising and measuring the influence of cohort studies' by Bridger Staatz et al.","authors":"Raj Patel","doi":"10.1332/17579597Y2025D000000050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/17579597Y2025D000000050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This is a reply to 'Re-considering \"impact\" for longitudinal social science research: towards more scientific approaches to theorising and measuring the influence of cohort studies' by Charis Bridger Staatz, Evangeline Tabor and Dylan Kneale. Should the impact of longitudinal studies include wider dimensions compared to how research impact is defined by the Research Excellence Framework (REF)? The authors argue that this is because there are some unique challenges faced by longitudinal studies in generating and measuring impact. In particular impact can't just be tracked through physical documents and citations. The temporal nature of the studies means looking beyond individual pieces of research to understand the emerging themes in a body of work, and considering the impact of those themes. They also make the case that not all impact has to be economic or policy driven, and here the capacity building contribution of the studies within academia is vital. Both those findings are welcome. REF needs to better reflect the actual contribution of long-term social science studies, particularly as part of UK's data infrastructure. However, the impact of longitudinal studies is not simply constrained by design but also by short-termism in policy making, and the slow progress made on prevention policy across difference domains of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":45988,"journal":{"name":"Longitudinal and Life Course Studies","volume":"16 3","pages":"418-423"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144765654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term trajectories of community integration after spinal cord injury in a Mediterranean setting: identification, characterisation and trajectory predictors.","authors":"Alejandro García-Rudolph, Mark Wright, Loreto García, Josep Maria Tormos, Eloy Opisso","doi":"10.1332/17579597Y2025D000000051","DOIUrl":"10.1332/17579597Y2025D000000051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Meaningful participation in occupations or employment and/or the ability to engage in societal roles holds significant implications for one's wellbeing and is internationally recognised as a fundamental right for all persons, nowadays representing an emerging policy-making goal. We aimed to identify novel classes of individuals with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) having similar long-term trajectories of community integration and relate them to their demographic and clinical features using a retrospective observational design. Community Integration Questionnaire (CIQ) follow-up assessments, motor Functional Independence Measure (mFIM) categorised as poor, fair or good, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were analysed. Growth mixture models (GMM) were fitted to identify individuals with similar CIQ trajectories, classes' predictors were identified using multivariate logistic regression. GMM identified three classes of trajectories of community-dwelling adults with SCI (n=238) living in Catalonia, Spain assessed in-person (between 2002 and 2022) up to 19 years post-injury: Class 1 (n=46, 19.3 per cent): male (56.5 per cent), aged 53.5 (16.6) years at injury, mFIM (poor 39.1 per cent, fair 23.9 per cent, good 37.0 per cent), mean total CIQ=9.9 (3.4), depressive (21.7 per cent), tetraplegia (39.1 per cent). Class 2 (n=41, 17.3 per cent): male (56.1 per cent), 57.4 (14.8) years at injury, mFIM (poor 26.8 per cent, fair 12.2 per cent, good 61.0 per cent), CIQ=9.3 (3.8), depressive (7.3 per cent), paraplegia (65.9 per cent). Class 3 (n=151, 63.4 per cent): male (68.9 per cent), 43.6 (15.9) years at injury, mFIM (poor 11.9 per cent, fair 13.9 per cent, good 74.2 per cent), CIQ=17.7 (3.3), depressive (4.0 per cent), paraplegia (74.2 per cent). Admission age, higher education (university), mFIM and HADS depression predict good community integration, AUC: 0.82 (0.73-0.91). Our results suggest possible course of action focusing on specific aspects to promote community integration.</p>","PeriodicalId":45988,"journal":{"name":"Longitudinal and Life Course Studies","volume":"16 3","pages":"335-354"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144765653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 'double disadvantage': neurodevelopmental profile and poverty confer synergistic risk of youth justice involvement.","authors":"Hope Kent, Lee Hogarth, W Huw Williams, Rosie Cornish, George Leckie","doi":"10.1332/17579597Y2025D000000052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/17579597Y2025D000000052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It is known that children with lower neurodevelopmental abilities and children who live in poverty are at increased risk of contact with the criminal justice system, but whether these two risk factors interact is unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used linked data from 519,920 children born in 2001/2002, who attended school in England. Prospective analysis tested whether Early Years Foundation Stage Profile (EYFSP) indexing functional development across six domains and pupil characteristics indexing poverty at age 4/5, predicted a caution or conviction by age 15/16.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Higher scores on the EYFSP (indicating better functional development) were associated with decreased odds of a caution or conviction by the age of 15/16. Being eligible for Free School Meals (living in absolute poverty) at age 4/5 was associated with increased odds of having a caution or conviction by age 15/16. There was a statistical interaction indicating synergistic risk conferred by these two risk factors.</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>Poverty and lower functional development independently confer risk of criminalisation, and together confer a 'double disadvantage'. Structural public health interventions should reduce the criminalisation of children by boosting functional development through Special Educational Needs support in schools, and by reducing the number of children living in absolute poverty.</p>","PeriodicalId":45988,"journal":{"name":"Longitudinal and Life Course Studies","volume":"16 3","pages":"355-372"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144765652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The long shadow.","authors":"Tony Robertson","doi":"10.1332/17579597Y2025D000000053","DOIUrl":"10.1332/17579597Y2025D000000053","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45988,"journal":{"name":"Longitudinal and Life Course Studies","volume":" ","pages":"278-280"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'Impact' for longitudinal social science research: reflecting on paths forward.","authors":"Evangeline Tabor, Dylan Kneale","doi":"10.1332/17579597Y2025D000000048","DOIUrl":"10.1332/17579597Y2025D000000048","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45988,"journal":{"name":"Longitudinal and Life Course Studies","volume":" ","pages":"424-428"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re-considering 'impact' for longitudinal social science research: towards more scientific approaches to theorising and measuring the influence of cohort studies.","authors":"Charis Bridger Staatz, Evangeline Tabor, Dylan Kneale","doi":"10.1332/17579597Y2025D000000049","DOIUrl":"10.1332/17579597Y2025D000000049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Demonstrating 'impact' has become increasingly important in research and academia alongside growing consideration of the social effects of research and the ethical standards involved. However, there are also concerns about a preoccupation with 'impact' in academia, which may result in a narrow focus on applied research. The most common definitions of impact (for example, UK Research Excellence Framework) emphasise generating measurable change outside of academia. However, this may overlook other important endeavours, such as influencing discourse and development of theory. The implicit assumption that single research projects will trigger measurable policy change is often unrealistic. Data infrastructures are also expected to demonstrate their 'impact', yet existing definitions are levied at the individual researcher or substantive projects. Such definitions do not account for the additional assumptions required for infrastructure to be impactful, and arguably, in their current form are not fit for purpose in demonstrating the full contribution of longitudinal and life course studies to society. We argue that broader definitions of impact should be considered for longitudinal studies and data infrastructure, that account for the importance of 'influence', and recognise the many and multifaceted contributions of longitudinal and life course research. Here we aim to (1) review definitions of impact in the context of longitudinal and life course studies, using UK national cohorts as a case studies; (2) to provide a working definition appropriate for longitudinal research, that incorporates 'influence'; and (3) to consider approaches that can be utilised to track impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":45988,"journal":{"name":"Longitudinal and Life Course Studies","volume":" ","pages":"385-402"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A reply to 'Re-considering \"impact\" for longitudinal social science research: towards more scientific approaches to theorising and measuring the influence of cohort studies' by Bridger Staatz et al.","authors":"Mukdarut Bangpan, Kelly Dickson","doi":"10.1332/17579597Y2025D000000047","DOIUrl":"10.1332/17579597Y2025D000000047","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45988,"journal":{"name":"Longitudinal and Life Course Studies","volume":" ","pages":"403-406"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Australian perspective on opportunities to innovate and evolve impact in cohort studies: a reply to 'Re-considering \"impact\" for longitudinal social science research: towards more scientific approaches to theorising and measuring the influence of cohort studies' by Bridger Staatz et al.","authors":"Meredith O'Connor, Ken Knight, Elodie O'Connor, Elizabeth K Hughes, Sharon Goldfeld, Craig A Olsson","doi":"10.1332/17579597Y2025D000000046","DOIUrl":"10.1332/17579597Y2025D000000046","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45988,"journal":{"name":"Longitudinal and Life Course Studies","volume":" ","pages":"407-417"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social differentials in the partnership trajectories of childless women in India.","authors":"Rojin Sadeghi, Michel Oris, Matthias Studer","doi":"10.1332/17579597Y2025D000000044","DOIUrl":"10.1332/17579597Y2025D000000044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>India has undergone a dynamic demographic transition resulting in relatively low fertility. In this context, one would expect that the population of childless women has recently become more heterogeneous. In particular, one would suspect a process of polarisation with a growing distinction between women who are unable to give birth and women who forgo motherhood for one reason or another. We investigate this supposed polarisation within the framework of the life course approach. We examine the childless Indian women's partnership trajectories and their associated socioeconomic profiles. Data was extracted from the fourth round (2015-2016) of the National Family Health Survey. A total of 8,997 women aged 36-49 who have not given birth by age 36 were studied. The analysis consisted of three parts: a sequence analysis, a cluster analysis, and a multinomial regression. Results confirm childlessness' polarised experience, along with a real heterogeneity of partnership trajectories. Indian childless women come from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds, and their life courses reflect a continuum of different realities in terms of social norms and decision-making power. In particular, trajectories without any relational event or with extramarital sexual activity are observed among the most educated women, suggesting that their childlessness may be related to factors other than infertility. By describing the heterogeneity of their backgrounds and profiles, our findings challenge the uniform representation of childlessness in India. In doing so, this article participates in the expansion of research on non-parenthood in non-Western populations and highlights the contribution of the life course approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":45988,"journal":{"name":"Longitudinal and Life Course Studies","volume":" ","pages":"305-334"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neighbourhood socioeconomic disparities in immunohaematologic risk in a paediatric analytic cohort.","authors":"Kristen A Berg, Saloni Lad, Halle Rose, Jordan K Fiegl, Madeleine M Blazel, Douglas Einstadter, Adam T Perzynski","doi":"10.1332/17579597Y2025D000000045","DOIUrl":"10.1332/17579597Y2025D000000045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Growing research on adult development recognises socioeconomically adverse neighbourhood environments as sources of stress affecting immunohaematologic function (IHF), with implications for disease. However, little is known about IHF markers in youth across diverse neighbourhoods. One marker of IHF, red blood cell distribution width (RDW), has demonstrated prognostic value for multiple diseases across the life course.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study analysed data from 771 well-child youth ages 5-21 without, and 5,385 sick-child youth with, observable pre-existing immune vulnerability seeking care at a metropolitan healthcare system in the Midwest United States. We employed linear mixed-effects models to examine RDW variation by quintile of neighbourhood socioeconomic position (SEP).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among well-child youth, the effect of lower neighbourhood SEP diminished (fourth quintile β=0.28, 95 per cent CI [-0.04, 0.60], fifth quintile β=0.16, 95 per cent CI [-0.16, 0.48]) after accounting for youths' racial identity and adjusting for covariates. Among sick-child youth, the effect of lower neighbourhood SEP remained after covariate adjustment (fourth quintile β=0.24, 95 per cent CI [0.08, 0.39], fifth quintile β=0.31, 95 per cent CI [0.16, 0.46]). Across both cohorts, Black racial identity was associated with elevated RDW (well-child cohort β=0.51, 95 per cent CI [0.30, 0.72]; sick-child cohort β=0.65, 95 per cent CI [0.55, 0.74]) after adjusting for neighbourhood SEP, age and biological sex.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Utilising a widely available and low-cost blood test, cellular consequences - as indexed by RDW - of early-life social-environmental adversity may be observable during childhood itself. The vulnerability of youth racialised as Black likely reflects socially produced health inequalities, and study findings evidence a cellular dimension of how structural factors may impact health from a young age.</p>","PeriodicalId":45988,"journal":{"name":"Longitudinal and Life Course Studies","volume":"16 2","pages":"228-251"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}