Longitudinal and Life Course Studies最新文献

{"title":"Cumulative (dis)advantage, employment turbulence and health: evidence from the German LifE study.","authors":"Johanna Turgetto","doi":"10.1332/17579597Y2026D000000092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/17579597Y2026D000000092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study uses longitudinal data from Germany to examine how socioeconomic position across the life course and employment stability are associated with self-rated health (SRH) in mid-adulthood, and whether employment stability compensates for cumulative disadvantage. While previous research has already sufficiently documented links between socioeconomic position in childhood and various health outcomes, long-term mechanisms across life courses remain less understood. To address this gap, the study adopts a life-course perspective that captures the accumulation of socioeconomic positions and employment trajectories over time. The national institutional context provides an interpretative framework for understanding how these trajectories unfold under the structural conditions of a liberalising, activation-oriented welfare state. Using data from the 2012 wave of the LifE study ('Pathways from Late Childhood to Adulthood'), the analysis combines a cumulative (dis)advantage index with an employment turbulence index and estimates linear regression models predicting SRH at 45. Results show a small but consistent negative association between cumulative disadvantage and SRH (β ≈ -0.05). Employment turbulence is likewise negatively associated with SRH (β ≈ -0.05 to -0.06), although this association is partly attenuated after adjustment for current employment. Interaction models provide limited support for a compensatory role of stability. Employment instability among socioeconomically advantaged individuals is associated with substantially lower predicted SRH (ΔSRH = -0.32), while the combination of cumulative disadvantage and instability shows the poorest SRH (ΔSRH = -0.34). The findings suggest that health inequalities in mid-adulthood reflect not only current circumstances, but also the accumulation of socioeconomic disadvantage and instability across the life course.</p>","PeriodicalId":45988,"journal":{"name":"Longitudinal and Life Course Studies","volume":" ","pages":"1-30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149147840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Who's hurt most by debt? Life course adversity and the debt gap in midlife health.","authors":"Joseph D Wolfe, Shawn Bauldry","doi":"10.1332/17579597Y2026D000000089","DOIUrl":"10.1332/17579597Y2026D000000089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Does the association between indebtedness and midlife health, that is, the debt gap in health, vary systematically by individuals' propensity for becoming indebted? To answer this question, we investigated potential heterogeneity in the debt-health association and tested competing hypotheses derived from cumulative inequality and relative deprivation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>With data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79), we measured indebtedness as self-reported negative net worth. Midlife health was assessed using SF-12 mental and physical health scores at age 50. The analysis estimated Average Treatment Effects (ATEs) to test the overall association between debt and midlife health. We then applied matching-smoothing (MS) and stratification-multilevel (SM) estimators to assess heterogeneity in the debt gap in midlife health.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Indebtedness was associated with significantly poorer midlife mental and physical health. Both MS and SM estimators found evidence that the debt-health association varied systematically across the propensity for indebtedness, with the largest debt gap in health concentrated among those with the highest likelihood of experiencing indebtedness.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>These findings provide empirical support for cumulative inequality theory, suggesting that the debt gap in midlife health widens significantly as chronic adversity increases. Findings highlight the importance of policies assisting financially vulnerable adults across the life course.</p>","PeriodicalId":45988,"journal":{"name":"Longitudinal and Life Course Studies","volume":" ","pages":"617-627"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149002439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stability through change?","authors":"Tony Robertson","doi":"10.1332/17579597Y2026D000000091","DOIUrl":"10.1332/17579597Y2026D000000091","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45988,"journal":{"name":"Longitudinal and Life Course Studies","volume":" ","pages":"496-499"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149002413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterising residential mobility during childhood in the United Kingdom: a longitudinal study using linked electronic health records.","authors":"Nicola Firman, Laura North, Jane Lyons, Marta Wilk, Michael Edwards, Rhodri D Johnson, Rowena Bailey, Jo Davies, Gill Harper, Carol Dezateux, Richard Fry, Lucy J Griffiths","doi":"10.1332/17579597Y2026D000000088","DOIUrl":"10.1332/17579597Y2026D000000088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Childhood residential mobility (RM) has been associated with adverse health and social outcomes. We examined differences in RM by family size and household composition in two diverse, disadvantaged UK populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using electronic health records (EHRs) and anonymised addresses, we examined if household characteristics are associated with RM in north-east London (NEL) and Wales. We conducted a longitudinal study of 240,509 (51.0 per cent male) and 398,959 (51.3 per cent male) children aged 0-13 years in NEL and Wales respectively on 1 January 2015, with complete follow-up until 31 December 2019. We defined RM as at least one change in address during follow-up. We estimated odds ratios (OR) and 95 per cent confidence intervals (CI) for RM by interactions between age group (0-4, 5-9, 10-13 years), number of children in household and household composition, adjusting for demographic, household and area-level characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 20.6 per cent and 32.1 per cent of children experienced RM. RM was highest in the youngest age group: NEL: 25.3 per cent, 18.7 per cent, 15.6 per cent; Wales: 40.1 per cent, 29.4 per cent, 23.6 per cent. RM was more likely among 10-13-year-olds living with a single adult than two working-age adults (NEL OR: 1.15; 95 per cent CI: 1.07,1.25; Wales: 1.82; 1.73,1.91). Children in households with four or more children were more likely to experience RM than those with no other child among 10-13-year-olds in NEL (1.31; 1.18,1.46) and 5-9-year-olds and 10-13-year-olds in Wales (1.21; 1.14,1.29 and 1.68; 1.56,1.82).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>RM is more common in early childhood and varies by household composition, region and age group. EHRs can be used to estimate RM using real-world data and have the potential to examine its impact on health and other outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":45988,"journal":{"name":"Longitudinal and Life Course Studies","volume":" ","pages":"527-550"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148851542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of post-socialist transition hardship in adulthood on subsequent work trajectories: findings from 11 Central and Eastern European countries.","authors":"Caroline Hasselgren Bune, Anna Brydsten, Linda Kridahl","doi":"10.1332/17579597Y2026D000000090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/17579597Y2026D000000090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The transition from socialism to a market economy in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) brought significant societal and economic disruptions. While the shift restructured economies and integrated the region into the broader European market, it left a legacy of hardship that continues to shape individuals' lives. This study adopts a life-course perspective to examine how extended employment gaps, financial hardship and significant stress during the transition years (1987-93) have influenced work trajectories over a 31-year period in 11 CEE countries. Using retrospective data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (N = 10,999), we apply sequence analysis and multinomial logistic regression to assess these associations. Among men, both an extended employment gap and financial hardship during the transition increased the risk of later unemployment, while significant stress increased the risk of health-related labour market withdrawal. Among women, fewer significant effects were observed, with the most notable being a heightened risk of unemployment following an extended employment gap. These findings offer new insights into the long-term consequences of the post-socialist transition and, more broadly, into how economic crises and social upheaval can shape working lives. This emphasizes the critical role of a life-course perspective in shaping policies that aim to mitigate long-term unemployment risks and ensure more equitable pathways to labour market exit.</p>","PeriodicalId":45988,"journal":{"name":"Longitudinal and Life Course Studies","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148799266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mother's accumulation of chronic health conditions and early midlife adult children's depressive symptoms: differences between daughters and sons.","authors":"Xing Zhang, Anna M Hammersmith","doi":"10.1332/17579597Y2026D000000087","DOIUrl":"10.1332/17579597Y2026D000000087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rising chronic health conditions in the US present a significant public health issue with implications that extend beyond individuals to their family members. We examined how the accumulation of mother's chronic health conditions (ranging from none to three or more) and the timing of first diagnosis were associated with early midlife children's depressive symptoms. We also examined variation across gender of early midlife children. Using data from Waves I, IV and V of Add Health and Waves I and II of the Add Health Parent Study (n=1,285), we found that 73 per cent of mothers reported at least one chronic health condition by their early 60s. We also found that early midlife children whose mothers had three or more chronic health conditions had significantly greater depressive symptoms, with stronger associations among daughters than sons. Early midlife children whose mothers were first diagnosed with a chronic health condition before their birth had significantly greater depressive symptoms compared to those whose mothers were first diagnosed when their children were ages 18-26. These findings highlight the importance of both mother's accumulation of chronic health conditions and timing of diagnosis for early midlife children's depressive symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":45988,"journal":{"name":"Longitudinal and Life Course Studies","volume":" ","pages":"575-592"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148759988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stayers, movers and the in-between: life course patterns of labour market attachment and mobility among rural Swedish youth.","authors":"Sara Kalucza, Madelene Nordlund","doi":"10.1332/17579597Y2026D000000086","DOIUrl":"10.1332/17579597Y2026D000000086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Structural disparities between rural and urban labour markets delay labour market entry for rural youth and risk long-term scarring related to both labour market integration and earnings. Migration is often viewed as a strategy to avoid these disadvantages. Using a life course perspective, this study examines how mobility and labour market attachment co-evolve across two decades of adulthood. Based on Swedish register data for cohorts born between 1977 and 1982 (n = 42,913) and sequence analysis with fuzzy clustering, we identify four long-term trajectories: stayers with strong attachment; stayers with weak attachment; movers to metropolitan areas; and movers to other rural or small-city contexts. The results show that mobility and attachment develop jointly, with some individuals following stable paths from early adulthood while others experience prolonged instability or 'late leaving'. Gender and socio-economic background shape these patterns. Women more often pursue mobility-oriented trajectories, particularly towards metropolitan regions, whereas men are overrepresented among weakly attached stayers. These differences diminish among youth with highly educated parents. Place attachment effects are mixed; teenage parents are more likely to remain and achieve strong local attachment, while sibling migration has no long-term influence. Overall, the findings demonstrate that rural youths' labour market and mobility trajectories remain open to renegotiation well beyond early adulthood, shaped by gendered and familial resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":45988,"journal":{"name":"Longitudinal and Life Course Studies","volume":" ","pages":"551-574"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148649405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collecting saliva samples for DNA genotyping in a large-scale cohort study of young adults in England.","authors":"Tugba Adali, Matt Brown, Alessandra Gaia, Morag Henderson, Darina Peycheva","doi":"10.1332/17579597Y2026D000000084","DOIUrl":"10.1332/17579597Y2026D000000084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Social surveys are increasingly incorporating DNA collection to unlock research opportunities in social and medical sciences. Saliva sampling is emerging as a common and practical method - particularly well-suited to self-completion surveys where interviewers or other trained professionals are not present. However, a number of methodological challenges in the collection of saliva samples remain unsolved. We analyse data from a cohort study of young adults in England: the Next Steps Age 32 survey to explore these methodological challenges. Approximately 57 per cent of eligible cohort members consented to provide a saliva sample and 27 per cent returned a sample to the laboratory, resulting in genotyped data for 24 per cent. Both consent and sample return were significantly associated with participant characteristics - such as white ethnicity - as well as survey-related factors, including engagement with study materials, prior wave participation and consent to health data linkage. Experimental evidence also indicates that higher monetary incentives (£10 versus £5) increased both consent rates (57.8 per cent versus 53 per cent) and sample returns (29.8 per cent versus 20.6 per cent). Analysis of non-consent reasons revealed that many responses were vague, while 26.9 per cent mentioned they were uncomfortable with the task, found it intrusive or expressed privacy concerns. We conclude with recommendations for improving biosample collection in survey practice. Our work contributes to the growing literature on integrating biomarker collection into large-scale, mixed-mode, multi-purpose social research.</p>","PeriodicalId":45988,"journal":{"name":"Longitudinal and Life Course Studies","volume":" ","pages":"593-616"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148340013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A life-course approach to the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and mental health in a longitudinal UK birth cohort (ALSPAC).","authors":"Huong Giang Nguyen Tran, Jimmy Morgan, Daniel Major-Smith","doi":"10.1332/17579597Y2026D000000085","DOIUrl":"10.1332/17579597Y2026D000000085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) negatively impact children's psychological development and subsequent mental health. However, life-course trajectories of ACEs on common mental health outcomes in adulthood have not been explored in depth. We analysed longitudinal data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) in the UK to determine the best-fitting life-course models between ACEs and mental health outcomes (depression and anxiety) at 17 and 24 years, using a Structured Life Course Modelling Approach. Six ACEs related to interpersonal trauma were integrated into life-course hypotheses, including: critical periods (at ages 0-5, 5-11 and 11-17), ACE accumulation, ever-experiencing ACEs and persistent ACE exposure. ACEs during late childhood/early adolescence (11-17 years) had the strongest association with depression and anxiety at age 24, with any ACEs at this time-point approximately doubling the odds of diagnoses. A weaker association with ACEs in middle childhood (5-11 years) on depression was also observed (approx. 50 per cent increase in odds). Results at age 17 were similar, with a consistent relationship between ACE exposure in late childhood/early adolescence on depression and anxiety, potentially combined with weaker exposure effects in middle childhood and/or accumulation effects. Life-course trajectories for analyses of the individual ACEs were more inconsistent, potentially due to the relative rarity of these events and their correlation over time, but often also indicated strongest relationships during late childhood/early adolescence. In sum, traumatic ACEs during late childhood/early adolescence may have the strongest effect on subsequent mental health in early adulthood, although we cannot distinguish 'critical period' and 'recency' effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":45988,"journal":{"name":"Longitudinal and Life Course Studies","volume":" ","pages":"500-526"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148340615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transitions to old age: a multidimensional poverty approach for Chile.","authors":"Verónica Amarante, Maira Colacce","doi":"10.1332/17579597Y2026D000000082","DOIUrl":"10.1332/17579597Y2026D000000082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Evaluating deprivation among individuals transitioning to older ages requires a multidimensional approach to evaluate their diverse needs. Despite its importance, research on this topic remains limited in the developing world, particularly in Latin America. This study tracks the multidimensional poverty of a cohort of Chileans as they transition into older age, following them longitudinally across three waves (2006, 2009, and 2015). We construct a multidimensional poverty index (MPI) for individuals born in 1955 or earlier using the Alkire and Foster methodology, considering deprivation across four key dimensions: education; labor and social security; health; and housing. Our findings reveal a decrease in multidimensional poverty from 21 percent to 14 percent during the study period, with chronic multidimensional poverty affecting 9 percent of this population. The most significant reduction in deprivation is observed in the labor and social security dimension. However, this dimension also exhibits the highest persistence of deprivation and the most pronounced gender disparities, highlighting the need for targeted policy interventions. Notably, education emerges as a strong protective factor against both current and future poverty. This study contributes to the scarce literature on dynamic multidimensional poverty among older adults in Latin America and provides valuable insights for policy makers to design effective strategies that address the unique challenges faced by this growing population segment.</p>","PeriodicalId":45988,"journal":{"name":"Longitudinal and Life Course Studies","volume":" ","pages":"378-396"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148284589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}