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History of Psychiatry最新文献

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The work of Donald Ewen Cameron: from psychic driving to MK Ultra. 唐纳德·埃文·卡梅伦的作品:从灵媒驾驶到思想控制实验。
IF 0.6 3区 哲学
History of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/0957154X231163763
Jordan Torbay
{"title":"The work of Donald Ewen Cameron: from psychic driving to MK Ultra.","authors":"Jordan Torbay","doi":"10.1177/0957154X231163763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0957154X231163763","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Donald Ewen Cameron is known as the Canadian psychiatrist behind the Montreal Experiments, a series of brainwashing experiments. As part of a larger Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) project known as MK Ultra, the CIA regarded these experiments as a potential military weapon during the Cold War. However, a closer look into Cameron's research and project MK Ultra shows that these experiments began long before Cameron was contacted by the CIA. Additionally, Cameron received funding for his experiments indirectly, so he was probably never aware the money was from the CIA. In this paper, I analyse the published work of Dr Cameron from the beginning of his career to his role in MK Ultra, and evaluate his own possible reasoning behind these experiments.</p>","PeriodicalId":45965,"journal":{"name":"History of Psychiatry","volume":"34 3","pages":"320-330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10443815/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10138962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Attempted suicide in older people in New South Wales, Australia, 1870-1908. 1870-1908年，澳大利亚新南威尔士州老年人自杀未遂。
IF 0.6 3区 哲学
History of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/0957154X231168956
Brian Draper
{"title":"Attempted suicide in older people in New South Wales, Australia, 1870-1908.","authors":"Brian Draper","doi":"10.1177/0957154X231168956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0957154X231168956","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examines attempted suicide in older people between 1870 and 1908 in (NSW), Australia. Statistical Registers of NSW indicate persons aged 60+ had disproportionately high rates of apprehension (10.9%) and conviction (13.0%) for attempted suicide. Newspaper reports of 110 suicide attempts in older people indicate that alcohol misuse, poor health, depression, being tired of living, financial problems, relationship difficulties, loss events and insanity were the main issues. Most were treated compassionately with medical care and support, albeit sometimes in a gaol setting. Medical casebooks of persons aged 60+ years with suicide attempts (n = 49) or suicidal ideation (n = 43) admitted to hospitals for the insane indicated that over 75% were psychotic and 50% had melancholia.</p>","PeriodicalId":45965,"journal":{"name":"History of Psychiatry","volume":"34 3","pages":"305-319"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/dc/70/10.1177_0957154X231168956.PMC10443651.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10520475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Naming psychiatry: apropos earliest use of the term by Karl Friedrich Burdach (1800). 精神病学的命名:卡尔·弗里德里希·波达赫最早使用这个术语(1800年)。
IF 0.6 3区 哲学
History of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/0957154X231167330
Diederik F Janssen
{"title":"Naming psychiatry: apropos earliest use of the term by Karl Friedrich Burdach (1800).","authors":"Diederik F Janssen","doi":"10.1177/0957154X231167330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0957154X231167330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The term psychiatry (<i>Psychiatrie</i>) was first used in 1800, in the early work of Leipzig Romantic natural philosopher and later neuroanatomist Karl Friedrich Burdach; it was a recherché reference to medical animism. This little-known instance of neologism by a young ambitious author invites a brief lexicological study of psychiatry as a specialty in search of its place among the medical specialties, methods and applications. The European historical lexicology of <i>psychiatry</i> recalls the philosophical commentary tradition on Aristotle's <i>De Anima</i>, eventually (<i>c</i>. 1525) honoured with the mononym <i>psychologia</i>. The battle for the soul's science was superseded by the increasingly diverse theoretical, empirical, forensic and literary-humanitarian interests in mental medicine during the second half of the eighteenth century.</p>","PeriodicalId":45965,"journal":{"name":"History of Psychiatry","volume":"34 3","pages":"231-248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/05/04/10.1177_0957154X231167330.PMC10443528.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10204445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
George Wallett, 1775-1845: entrepreneur and asylum doctor. 乔治·沃利特(1775-1845):企业家和精神病院医生。
IF 0.6 3区 哲学
History of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/0957154X231167278
Peter Carpenter
{"title":"George Wallett, 1775-1845: entrepreneur and asylum doctor.","authors":"Peter Carpenter","doi":"10.1177/0957154X231167278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0957154X231167278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>George Wallett (1775-1845) is generally known only as Haslam's successor at Bethlem who resigned under the cloud of corruption. However, his life proves to have been more eventful. He trained as a lawyer and doctor, enlisted in the army three times and bottled Malvern's first soda water. After bankruptcy, he managed Pembroke House Asylum as it opened, held two jobs in Bethlem and then operated Surrey House Asylum in Battersea. He moved on to help set up the Suffolk and Dorset asylums, and designed the Leicestershire asylum. He finally designed and opened Northampton Asylum, where being a Catholic ended his career.</p>","PeriodicalId":45965,"journal":{"name":"History of Psychiatry","volume":"34 3","pages":"331-349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10520916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Biocultural psychopathology as a new epistemology for mental disorders. 生物文化精神病理学作为一种新的精神障碍认识论。
IF 0.6 3区 哲学
History of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/0957154X231168080
Caio Maximino
{"title":"Biocultural psychopathology as a new epistemology for mental disorders.","authors":"Caio Maximino","doi":"10.1177/0957154X231168080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0957154X231168080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychopathology has been criticized for decades for its reliance on a brain-centred and over-reductionist approach which views mental disorders as disease-like natural kinds. While criticisms of brain-centred psychopathologies abound, these criticisms sometimes ignore important advances in the neurosciences which view the brain as embodied, embedded, extended and enactive, and as fundamentally plastic. A new onto-epistemology for mental disorders is proposed, focusing on a biocultural model, in which human brains are understood as embodied and embedded in ecosocial niches, and with which individuals enact particular transactions characterized by circular causality. In this approach, neurobiological bases are inseparable from interpersonal and socio-cultural factors. This approach leads to methodological changes in how mental disorders are studied and dealt with.</p>","PeriodicalId":45965,"journal":{"name":"History of Psychiatry","volume":"34 3","pages":"262-272"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10148982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Understanding understanding in psychiatry. 理解精神病学的理解。
IF 0.6 3区 哲学
History of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/0957154X231163275
Joseph Gough
{"title":"Understanding <i>understanding</i> in psychiatry.","authors":"Joseph Gough","doi":"10.1177/0957154X231163275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0957154X231163275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Originally put forward to defend history from the encroachment of physics, the distinction between understanding and explanation was built into the foundations of Karl Jaspers' 'phenomenological' psychiatry, and it is revised, used and defended by many still working in that tradition. On the face of it, this is rather curious. I examine what this notion of 'understanding' amounts to, why it entered and remains influential in psychiatry, and what insights for contemporary psychiatry are buried in the notion. I argue that it is unhelpfully associated with the view that the mental is epistemologically and methodologically autonomous, but that it nevertheless highlights an important lacuna in many views of psychiatry and the scientific study of humans more generally.</p>","PeriodicalId":45965,"journal":{"name":"History of Psychiatry","volume":"34 3","pages":"249-261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10443229/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10150499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The epistemologies of research on the survival of consciousness after death in the golden era of the Society for Psychical Research (1882-1930). 心理研究学会黄金时期(1882-1930)对人死后意识存续的认识论研究。
IF 0.6 3区 哲学
History of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/0957154X231175575
Pedro Henrique Costa de Resende, Alexander Moreira-Almeida, Humberto Schubert Coelho
{"title":"The epistemologies of research on the survival of consciousness after death in the golden era of the Society for Psychical Research (1882-1930).","authors":"Pedro Henrique Costa de Resende,&nbsp;Alexander Moreira-Almeida,&nbsp;Humberto Schubert Coelho","doi":"10.1177/0957154X231175575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0957154X231175575","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Society for Psychical Research (SPR) of London was founded in 1882 with the purpose of investigating psychical phenomena, especially the theme of survival, with scientific rigour. Despite the recognized importance of the SPR for dynamic psychiatry in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, there are few studies of its epistemological contributions to the theme of survival and its implications to science. In order to fill this gap, we have consulted the main journals of the SPR in its golden period, and highlight the epistemologies of Sidgwick, Myers, James, Podmore, Schiller, Lodge and Richet. We conclude that the authors, whether for or against survival, argued in defence of an expanded science, and looked forward to understanding the complexity of human experience.</p>","PeriodicalId":45965,"journal":{"name":"History of Psychiatry","volume":"34 3","pages":"287-304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10139510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Empathy: a case study in the historical epistemology of psychiatry. 共情:精神病学历史认识论的个案研究。
IF 0.6 3区 哲学
History of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/0957154X231163764
Ivana S Marková
{"title":"Empathy: a case study in the historical epistemology of psychiatry.","authors":"Ivana S Marková","doi":"10.1177/0957154X231163764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0957154X231163764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The hybrid constitution of psychiatry carries important implications for understanding the discipline and the legitimacy of its research approaches. One implication concerns the central role of concepts in forming the knowledge base of psychiatry. Because of this, it is vital to explore the structures and interrelationships of concepts through their historical constitution. Using this approach to compare concepts of empathy as articulated by R Vischer, T Lipps and E Stein shows that, despite overlap, the concepts vary in structure, in meaning and in the aspect of reality they capture. This suggests that the concept of empathy carries an unstable ontology and epistemology. In turn, this carries implications for the concept itself, for psychiatry and for research approaches in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":45965,"journal":{"name":"History of Psychiatry","volume":"34 3","pages":"273-286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10150982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Classic Text No. 135: 'On inheritance of the insanities', by Jens Chr. Smith (1924). 经典文本No. 135:《论精神错乱的继承》，作者:延斯·切尔。史密斯(1924)。
IF 0.6 3区 哲学
History of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/0957154X231169217
Johan Schioldann
{"title":"Classic Text No. 135: 'On inheritance of the insanities', by Jens Chr. Smith (1924).","authors":"Johan Schioldann","doi":"10.1177/0957154X231169217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0957154X231169217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Serious and realistic research into the inheritance of the psychoses started in earnest at the beginning of the twentieth century. This was encouraged by both the acceptance of the Kraepelinian classification and the rediscovery of the Mendelian model of inheritance. The application of Mendelian rules to the very complex genetics of the psychoses led to agonizing debate. The Classic Text is a translation of the introduction of the doctoral thesis of Jens Chr. Smith, a little-known Danish psychiatrist who was able to summarize, with the enthusiasm typical to his youth and with surprising accuracy, the early stages of the debate mentioned above.</p>","PeriodicalId":45965,"journal":{"name":"History of Psychiatry","volume":"34 3","pages":"350-362"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10151001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Erratum to: Gustav Nikolaus Specht (1860-1940): psychiatric practice, research and teaching during a change of psychiatric paradigm before and after Kraepelin. 古斯塔夫·尼古拉斯·斯佩克特(1860-1940):Kraepelin之前和之后精神病学范式变化期间的精神病学实践、研究和教学。
IF 0.6 3区 哲学
History of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/0957154X231152684
{"title":"Erratum to: Gustav Nikolaus Specht (1860-1940): psychiatric practice, research and teaching during a change of psychiatric paradigm before and after Kraepelin.","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/0957154X231152684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0957154X231152684","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45965,"journal":{"name":"History of Psychiatry","volume":"34 2","pages":"228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9428382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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