History of PsychiatryPub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-02-25DOI: 10.1177/0957154X231224651
Clemens Ableidinger
{"title":"Whose experts? How federalism shaped psychiatry in the late Habsburg monarchy.","authors":"Clemens Ableidinger","doi":"10.1177/0957154X231224651","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0957154X231224651","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The late Habsburg period (1867-1918) created a constitutional dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary. This paper discusses the role of psychiatry in Cisleithania, both as a developing profession and as a distinct 'policy field'. Tension between psychiatry's academic professionalisation and the creation of public institutions as signature projects by individual crownlands created complex relationships between psychiatry and politics. In federalist Cisleithania, psychiatrists became very 'political': whether employed by the state or a crownland influenced their position on policy, despite claiming that their expert knowledge was 'scientific' and 'objective'. The conflicts between asylum-based and academic psychiatrists mirrored those between the central state and the crownlands. This led to intractable delays in mental health law reform, eventually resolved by Imperial decree in 1916.</p>","PeriodicalId":45965,"journal":{"name":"History of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"158-176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139973951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
History of PsychiatryPub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-01-05DOI: 10.1177/0957154X231221047
Gordon Bates
{"title":"Charles Lloyd Tuckey: medical hypnotist and 'amiable necromancer'.","authors":"Gordon Bates","doi":"10.1177/0957154X231221047","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0957154X231221047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Charles Lloyd Tuckey (1854-1925) was one of the leaders of the British 'New Hypnotism' movement of the late nineteenth century. This neglected figure is important because of his contributions to the early psychotherapies in Britain, ushering in the concept of suggestion to British medicine from Europe. Through his networks and clubs, Tuckey demonstrates the bewildering range of institutions that shaped and spread the novel theory of suggestion and the nascent talking therapies at this time. His affiliations to psychic investigation and ceremonial magic societies demonstrate his intellectual curiosity rather than backwards primitivism. Tuckey played an important role in establishing the term 'psychotherapeutics' and legitimising medical hypnotism, a precursor of the psychological therapies of the early twentieth century.</p>","PeriodicalId":45965,"journal":{"name":"History of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"215-225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139098929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
History of PsychiatryPub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-03-08DOI: 10.1177/0957154X241231057
Verusca Calabria, Lynsey T Cullen
{"title":"Deinstitutionalisation and the move to community care: comparing the changing dimensions of mental healthcare after 1922 in the Republic of Ireland and England.","authors":"Verusca Calabria, Lynsey T Cullen","doi":"10.1177/0957154X241231057","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0957154X241231057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The advent of deinstitutionalisation and the introduction of community care in the latter part of the twentieth century have revolutionised mental-health service provision across Europe, although implementation, timing and services have varied widely in different countries. This article compares the changing dimensions of mental-health provision in post-independence Ireland with that in England, and will shed light on the current state of mental healthcare in both countries. The article calls for more research into the impact of deinstitutionalisation, such as the challenges faced in the community for those in need of continuing care.</p>","PeriodicalId":45965,"journal":{"name":"History of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"141-157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11092295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140060725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
History of PsychiatryPub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-01-28DOI: 10.1177/0957154X231222528
Mark McCarthy
{"title":"<i>De lunatico inquirendo</i>: managing family inheritance across madness in eighteenth-century London.","authors":"Mark McCarthy","doi":"10.1177/0957154X231222528","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0957154X231222528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An 'inquisition' (or inquiry) held before a Justice of the Peace was the primary instrument for management of lunacy in eighteenth-century England. Yet its purpose was to protect wealth rather than the individual. The 1766 case book of Dr John Monro, London's leading doctor for madness, unexpectedly records a consultation that links two siblings who both had inquisitions. Nicholas Jeffreys' only son was attested lunatic in 1744: to circumvent inheritance through primogeniture, Jeffreys directed the family wealth to his last living child. One of his three daughters married Lord Camden, a former Lord Chancellor: after her and her second sister's deaths, the last-surviving sister was also placed under inquisition in 1780, to ensure the inheritance for his own family.</p>","PeriodicalId":45965,"journal":{"name":"History of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"234-242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139571770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
History of PsychiatryPub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-02-20DOI: 10.1177/0957154X241230273
Keijin Yamamura, Toshiya Murai
{"title":"Revisiting Emil Kraepelin's eugenic arguments.","authors":"Keijin Yamamura, Toshiya Murai","doi":"10.1177/0957154X241230273","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0957154X241230273","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is widely recognized that Emil Kraepelin explicitly advocated for eugenic ideas in his academic works. Given the renewed interest in related concepts such as self-domestication and neo-Lamarckism in different contexts, this article revisits his eugenic arguments by scrutinizing a section of his seminal work, the 8th edition of his textbook published in 1909. Our analysis reveals that Kraepelin's arguments consisted of multiple theories and ideas prevalent at the time (i.e. self-domestication hypothesis, neo-Lamarckism, degeneration theory, social Darwinism, racism and ethnic nationalism), each of which presented individual fundamental claims. Nevertheless, Kraepelin amalgamated them into one combined narrative, which crystallized into an anti-humanistic psychiatry in the next generation. This paper cautions that a similar 'packaging of ideas' might be emerging now.</p>","PeriodicalId":45965,"journal":{"name":"History of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"206-214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139913741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
History of PsychiatryPub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-02-08DOI: 10.1177/0957154X241230271
Yula Milshteyn
{"title":"Soul, body and mental health - applying Rabbi Moshe de Maimon's philosophy to the contemporary phenomenon of drug addiction.","authors":"Yula Milshteyn","doi":"10.1177/0957154X241230271","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0957154X241230271","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In modern psychiatry, drug addiction is considered as mainly a mental disorder and a brain disease problem, of complex aetiology. In addition, drug addiction has been characterized as a loss of willpower or akrasia, and even a sin. In this essay, I analyse Maimonides' (Rambam's) treatises <i>More Ha-Nevuchim</i> (<i>Guide for the Perplexed</i>) and <i>Shemona Perakim</i> (<i>The Eight Chapters</i>). He asserts that the soul is one, but has many different faculties (functions) and is intrinsically linked to the body. I argue that drug addiction is a psychological, social-moral deviance, as well as straying from God's path. Addiction is a disorder of the soul and body. Consequently, healing should include social-moral guidelines as well as physical/bodily health.</p>","PeriodicalId":45965,"journal":{"name":"History of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"196-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139708184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
History of PsychiatryPub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-02-09DOI: 10.1177/0957154X231224650
Valentina Badano
{"title":"The Basaglia Law. Returning dignity to psychiatric patients: the historical, political and social factors that led to the closure of psychiatric hospitals in Italy in 1978.","authors":"Valentina Badano","doi":"10.1177/0957154X231224650","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0957154X231224650","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Law no. 180 of 1978, which led to the closure of psychiatric hospitals in Italy, has often been erroneously associated with one man, Franco Basaglia, but the reality is much more complex. Not only were countless people involved in the movement that led to the approval of this law, but we should also take into account the historical, social, and political factors that came into play. The 1970s in Italy were a time of change and political ferment which made this psychiatric revolution possible there and nowhere else in the world.</p>","PeriodicalId":45965,"journal":{"name":"History of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"226-233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11092286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139708185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
History of PsychiatryPub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2023-11-08DOI: 10.1177/0957154X231199352
Leonard Smith
{"title":"The saga of James Lucett and the process for curing insanity, Part 1 (1811-14): The rise and fall of Delahoyde and Lucett.","authors":"Leonard Smith","doi":"10.1177/0957154X231199352","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0957154X231199352","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>James Lucett, a London clerk, claimed possession of a secret remedy for curing chronic insanity. In 1813, he and the Irish surgeon Charles Delahoyde secured royal and aristocratic patronage to implement their 'process' and opened a private asylum. They aroused great public interest after apparently remarkable results with hitherto intractable patients from Bethlem and Hoxton. Delahoyde and Lucett attained brief celebrity, but within a year it was evident that the dramatic recoveries were only temporary. Their venture collapsed in disarray and bankruptcy, and the episode was soon largely forgotten. Delahoyde fled to Ireland, but Lucett managed to re-establish himself in practice. This article narrates the origins, operation and failure of the enterprise. A second article will consider Lucett's subsequent career.</p>","PeriodicalId":45965,"journal":{"name":"History of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"125-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11092287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71522912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
History of PsychiatryPub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-02-29DOI: 10.1177/0957154X241231690
Renaud Evrard, Bevis Beauvais, Aziz Essadek, Joëlle Lighezzolo-Alnot, Christophe Clesse
{"title":"Neither saintly nor psychotic: a narrative systematic review of the evolving Western perception of voice hearing.","authors":"Renaud Evrard, Bevis Beauvais, Aziz Essadek, Joëlle Lighezzolo-Alnot, Christophe Clesse","doi":"10.1177/0957154X241231690","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0957154X241231690","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a social-historical perspective on the evolution of the voice-hearing phenomenon in Western society. Based upon a systematic search from a selection of nine databases, we trace the way hearing voices has been understood throughout the ages. Originally, hearing voices was considered a gifted talent for accessing the divine, but the progressive influence of monotheistic religion gradually condemned the practice to social marginalization. Later, the medical and psychiatric professions of secular society were instrumental in attaching stigma to both voice hearers and the phenomenon itself, thereby reinforcing social exclusion. More recently, the re-integration of voice hearers into the community by health authorities in various countries appears to have provided a new, socially acceptable setting for the phenomenon.</p>","PeriodicalId":45965,"journal":{"name":"History of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"177-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11092291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139997822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"‘Early childhood autism, Asperger type’, by H. Asperger (1982)","authors":"Kevin Rebecchi","doi":"10.1177/0957154x241248261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0957154x241248261","url":null,"abstract":"After his 1944 thesis, Asperger continued to write about autism, but none of these texts have been translated. At a time when autism spectrum disorder faces many challenges (e.g. the nature and measurement of autism), this text tells us more about the particular population that Asperger worked with. He describes sensitive, intelligent, creative and rational children, a far cry from the Wing triad. Moreover, ‘Asperger’s Syndrome’ was introduced after he had died, was included in the DSM-IV in 1994 and was omitted from the DSM-5 in 2013. The question posed by this last text, written before his death, is whether Asperger’s descriptions of autistic children are really part of the autism spectrum disorder or whether they are outside the pathological field.","PeriodicalId":45965,"journal":{"name":"History of Psychiatry","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140836461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}