Journal of Academic Ethics最新文献_第7页

Educating and Training in Research Integrity (RI): A Study on the Perceptions and Experiences of Early Career Researchers Attending an Institutional RI Course 研究诚信的教育与训练:早期职业研究人员参加机构研究诚信课程的认知与经验研究

IF 1.8

Journal of Academic Ethics Pub Date : 2023-12-05 DOI: 10.1007/s10805-023-09497-1

Greco Francesca, Silvia Ceruti, Stefano Martini, Mario Picozzi, Marco Cosentino, Franca Marino

{"title":"Educating and Training in Research Integrity (RI): A Study on the Perceptions and Experiences of Early Career Researchers Attending an Institutional RI Course","authors":"Greco Francesca, Silvia Ceruti, Stefano Martini, Mario Picozzi, Marco Cosentino, Franca Marino","doi":"10.1007/s10805-023-09497-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10805-023-09497-1","url":null,"abstract":"Research integrity (RI) is defined as adherence to ethical principles, deontological duties, and professional standards necessary for responsible conduct of scientific research. Early training on RI, especially for early-career researchers, could be useful to help develop good standards of conduct and prevent research misconduct (RM).The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of a training course on RI, by mapping the attitudes of early-career researchers on this topic through a questionnaire built upon the revised version of the Scientific Misconduct Questionnaire and administered to all participants at the beginning and at the end of the course.Results show that after the course, participants reporting a high understanding of the rules and procedures related to RM significantly increased (pre-course: 38.5%, post-course: 61.5%), together with the percentage of those reporting a lack of awareness on the extent of misconduct (pre-course: 46.2%, post-course: 69.2%), and of those who believe that the lack of research ethics consultation services strongly affects RM (pre-course: 15.4%, post-course: 61.5%). Early-career researchers agree on the importance to share with peers and superiors any ethical concern that may arise in research, and to create a work environment that fosters RI awareness.As a whole, results suggest the effectiveness of the course. Institutions should introduce RI training for early-career researchers, together with research methodology, integrity and ethics consultation services to support them. Senior scientists should promote RI into their research practices, and should stimulate engagement in peer-to-peer dialogue to develop good practices based on RI principles.","PeriodicalId":45961,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Academic Ethics","volume":"675 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138506711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Mummers Farce – Retractions of Medical Papers Conducted in Egyptian Institutions 一场闹剧——埃及机构撤回医学论文

IF 1.8

Journal of Academic Ethics Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10805-023-09494-4

Rahma Menshawey, Esraa Menshawey, Bilal A. Mahamud

{"title":"A Mummers Farce – Retractions of Medical Papers Conducted in Egyptian Institutions","authors":"Rahma Menshawey, Esraa Menshawey, Bilal A. Mahamud","doi":"10.1007/s10805-023-09494-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10805-023-09494-4","url":null,"abstract":"Egypt currently holds the record for the most retractions in the continent of Africa according to the Retraction Watch database, and the 2nd highest of countries in the Middle East. The purpose of this study was to analyse the retracted medical publications from Egyptian affiliations, in order to delineate specific problems and solutions. We examined databases including Pubmed, Google Scholar and others, for all retracted medical publications that were conducted in an Egyptian institution, up to the date of August 31st 2022. We observed for the reason(s) for retraction, number of citations of the retracted work, the length of time between publication and retraction, and where the work was published (journal, publisher and impact factor). 68 retractions were identified. Most retractions were from the speciality of Obstetrics and Gynecology (n = 22), followed by Anesthesia (n = 7). The top 3 reasons for retraction were unreliable results, FFP level misconduct, and duplicate publication. The number of retractions significantly increased over the years, especially in 2022. When taking into account the number of medical publications per institution, the institute with the highest rate of retractions was Mansoura University, while the lowest rate was Cairo University. The number of retracted medical Egyptian publications continues to increase over time, although they represent a small portion of the overall body of Egyptian medical research. Future studies on retracted articles should employ a methodology that considers the institutions where the studies were conducted. This could allow a better understanding of specific problems in certain countries or regions.","PeriodicalId":45961,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Academic Ethics","volume":"679 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138506710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Exploratory Study of Students’ Perceptions on the Use of Animals in Medical and Veterinary Medical Undergraduate Education 医兽医本科教学中学生对动物利用认知的探索性研究

IF 1.8

Journal of Academic Ethics Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.1007/s10805-023-09495-3

Cláudia S. Baptista, Pedro Oliveira, Laura Ribeiro

{"title":"An Exploratory Study of Students’ Perceptions on the Use of Animals in Medical and Veterinary Medical Undergraduate Education","authors":"Cláudia S. Baptista, Pedro Oliveira, Laura Ribeiro","doi":"10.1007/s10805-023-09495-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10805-023-09495-3","url":null,"abstract":"Animals are frequently utilized as a teaching-learning tool in multiple educational settings. It is, therefore, important to understand what students think about this topic, in particular medical and veterinary students as “life caregivers” and competent people for a dynamic and responsible social intervention. In this context, this research aims to characterize and disseminate a set of issues related to animal welfare/wellbeing in higher education in the North of Portugal, particularly as regards the teaching of students of the Integrated Master in Medicine (MIM) and Veterinary Medicine (MIMV). After ethical approval, a survey was delivered on paper to 180 undergraduate MIM (n = 100) and MIMV (n = 80) students. After collecting 139 questionnaires partially or fully completed, with varying response rates for each question, it was concluded that most of the students consider that animal experimentation is ethically acceptable when the benefits balance the harms and assuming that refinement of animal procedures is warranted; they also agree to the establishment, maintenance and performance of animal procedures solely for educational purposes as a way of ensuring optimal acquisition of theoretical knowledge, attitudes and behaviors and technical skills. Nevertheless, it is the responsibility of teachers to explore and implement pedagogical methodologies thar are equally effective but more humane and compassionate towards sentient living beings.","PeriodicalId":45961,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Academic Ethics","volume":"671 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138506735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Defining Characteristics of Ethics Papers on Social Media Research: A Systematic Review of the Literature 社会媒体研究伦理论文的定义特征:文献系统综述

Journal of Academic Ethics Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.1007/s10805-023-09491-7

Md. Sayeed Al-Zaman, Ayushi Khemka, Andy Zhang, Geoffrey Rockwell

引用次数: 0

HEXACO Personality Traits and Self-Control as Predictors of Counterproductive Academic Behavior HEXACO人格特质与自我控制作为反生产学习行为的预测因子

Journal of Academic Ethics Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1007/s10805-023-09493-5

Jisoo Ock, Gwang Yeong Heo, Minji Kweon

引用次数: 0

Detection of GPT-4 Generated Text in Higher Education: Combining Academic Judgement and Software to Identify Generative AI Tool Misuse 高等教育中GPT-4生成文本的检测:结合学术判断和软件识别生成AI工具误用

Journal of Academic Ethics Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1007/s10805-023-09492-6

Mike Perkins, Jasper Roe, Darius Postma, James McGaughran, Don Hickerson

引用次数: 8

In Memoriam Denis Collins and Patrick O’Neill 纪念丹尼斯·柯林斯和帕特里克·奥尼尔

Journal of Academic Ethics Pub Date : 2023-10-25 DOI: 10.1007/s10805-023-09490-8

Loreta Tauginiene

引用次数: 0

Iranian Applied Linguists (mis) Conceptions of Ethical Issues in Research: A Mixed-Methods study 伊朗应用语言学家对研究中伦理问题的概念：混合方法研究

IF 1.8

Journal of Academic Ethics Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1007/s10805-023-09489-1

Mohamad Reza Farangi, Mohamad Khojastemehr

引用次数: 0

What are the Perspectives of Day and Evening Nursing Education Students About Cheating? 日间和晚间护理教育学生对作弊有何看法？

IF 1.8

Journal of Academic Ethics Pub Date : 2023-08-12 DOI: 10.1007/s10805-023-09488-2

Fatma BAŞALAN İZ, R. Aslankoç, Günferah Şahi̇n

引用次数: 0

How Common is Cheating in Online Exams and did it Increase During the COVID-19 Pandemic? A Systematic Review 在线考试作弊有多普遍，在COVID-19大流行期间是否有所增加?系统回顾

Journal of Academic Ethics Pub Date : 2023-08-04 DOI: 10.1007/s10805-023-09485-5

Philip M. Newton, Keioni Essex

{"title":"How Common is Cheating in Online Exams and did it Increase During the COVID-19 Pandemic? A Systematic Review","authors":"Philip M. Newton, Keioni Essex","doi":"10.1007/s10805-023-09485-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10805-023-09485-5","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Academic misconduct is a threat to the validity and reliability of online examinations, and media reports suggest that misconduct spiked dramatically in higher education during the emergency shift to online exams caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reviewed survey research to determine how common it is for university students to admit cheating in online exams, and how and why they do it. We also assessed whether these self-reports of cheating increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, along with an evaluation of the quality of the research evidence which addressed these questions. 25 samples were identified from 19 Studies, including 4672 participants, going back to 2012. Online exam cheating was self-reported by a substantial minority (44.7%) of students in total. Pre-COVID this was 29.9%, but during COVID cheating jumped to 54.7%, although these samples were more heterogenous. Individual cheating was more common than group cheating, and the most common reason students reported for cheating was simply that there was an opportunity to do so. Remote proctoring appeared to reduce the occurrence of cheating, although data were limited. However there were a number of methodological features which reduce confidence in the accuracy of all these findings. Most samples were collected using designs which makes it likely that online exam cheating is under-reported, for example using convenience sampling, a modest sample size and insufficient information to calculate response rate. No studies considered whether samples were representative of their population. Future approaches to online exams should consider how the basic validity of examinations can be maintained, considering the substantial numbers of students who appear to be willing to admit engaging in misconduct. Future research on academic misconduct would benefit from using large representative samples, guaranteeing participants anonymity.","PeriodicalId":45961,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Academic Ethics","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136085152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3